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The Research of Monitoring System for Clearance Adjustment of Open Mixing Machine
Open mixing machine is a mechanical equipment, which is widely used in rubber, plastic industries, mainly for its natural rubber refining plastic, rubber mixing .It is made up of body, roller, the transmission system, clearance adjustment, safety brakes, electric motors. Among them, clearance adjustment plays an important role in the automation and control. Aiming at the insufficient of existing clearance adjustment of open mixing machine, a digital control system based on MCU is proposed.By analyzing the practical work process of clearance adjustment system of open mixing machine, the digital control system which is designed in this paper is composed of data acquisition unit and main control unit. Data acquisition unit is designed to accomplish the sensor collections and communications, the main control unit carries through the work of system operation control, running state monitor, parameter set and so on. The whole system is based on the CAN bus architecture to meet a variety of communication requirements.As it is rich in function resources and its anti-interference ability is strong, the 16bit MCU MC9S12 which is the latest product of Motorola company has been adopted as key calculate part of the controller. The measures of separated power, photo isolate for input/output and shielded crust make the system more strong in reliabilities; In the structure of software, the embedded real-time operating system uC/OS-II have been used, which makes the system work as a real time system and can be designed simply. In the control method, the incremental digital PID control method achieved good control. PC program using Visual Basic language, be able to set the parameters for the node, and can draw real-time control of the curve.The debugging and running of the system indicate that it has the characteristics of a whole well-designed, simpler structure, lower cost, easier operation, higher reliability and friendly interface between human and system. It improves the working efficiency and the accuracy, meets the need of production, possesses good value of promotion.?
Design and Control Research of Hydraulic Adjustment for Open Mixing Mill
Open mixing mill is the important equipment for production of radial tires. The performance of clearance adjustment will have a direct impact on the quality of products. For the traditional mechanical adjustment device in the actual production process, there are some shortcomings, such as a relatively long period of time to replace safety brakes, and poor precision of adjustment, especially for equipment and personal security protection is not enough.In order to solve the above problems, clearance adjustment of open mixing mill by electro-hydraulic servo drive is designed in this paper according to recent development of the device at home and abroad. The control methods of system are mainly studied. This topic has designed a conventional PID controller, ordinary fuzzy controller, fuzzy-PID dual-mode controller and fuzzy self-tuning PID controller, and simulation is compared. Finally, in view of the inadequacy of the fuzzy control method, a PID control system based on fuzzy RBF neural network is proposed, which absorbs the merit of self-learning function for neural networks.Simulation results show the system, with better performance, is able to meet the control requirements of clearance adjustment.First of all, on basis of reviewing a large number of domestic and foreign literature and meeting system parameters, the hydraulic system is designed. Through a rational derivation,nonlinear mathematical model of electro-hydraulic position control system is built up.The system dynamic and stability analysis is obtained with the use of the model.Secondly, the author regulates system by using PID controller since the response for the system can’t reach the design requirements. Owing to linear time-invariant combination of traditional PID control, it is difficult for PID parameters to adapt to change in system parameters.Then,by researching on fuzzy control technology, the paper designs ordinary fuzzy controller, fuzzy-PID dual-mode controller and fuzzy self-tuning PID controller. Simulation results show that the latter two kinds of fuzzy controller has more effective performance, smaller overshoot and faster response, comparing to conventional PID controller and ordinary fuzzy controller.Finally, a PID control system based on fuzzy RBF neural network is proposed is proposed on the basis of fuzzy control and neural network theory. Simulation results show that the controller has a shorter response time, smaller overshoot and higher stable precision, comparing to dual-mode fuzzy-PID controller and fuzzy self-tuning PID controller. The controller can better meet the control requirements of hydraulic adjustment for open mixing mill.?
譯文：
開煉機(jī)是在橡膠、塑料等行業(yè)廣泛使用的一種機(jī)械設(shè)備,它主要用作天然橡膠塑煉、生膠與配合劑混煉,或用作膠料熱煉。開煉機(jī)主要由機(jī)座、機(jī)架、輥筒、傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、輥距調(diào)節(jié)裝置、安全制動(dòng)裝置、電動(dòng)機(jī)、減速機(jī)等組成。其中,輥距調(diào)節(jié)裝置發(fā)揮著重要作用,它的自動(dòng)化控制程度的高低對(duì)開煉機(jī)性能有很大影響。本文針對(duì)現(xiàn)有國(guó)內(nèi)開煉機(jī)輥距調(diào)節(jié)裝置控制系統(tǒng)的不足,提出了基于單片機(jī)的數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)方案。通過對(duì)開煉機(jī)輥筒液壓調(diào)距系統(tǒng)的實(shí)際工作過程分析,本文研制的數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)包括數(shù)據(jù)采集單元和主控單元系統(tǒng)兩部分。數(shù)據(jù)采集單元完成信號(hào)的采集和通信;主控單元進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行控制、狀態(tài)監(jiān)控、參數(shù)設(shè)定等工作。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)是基于CAN總線架構(gòu),滿足各種通信要求。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)采用Motorola公司出品的MC9S12系列單片機(jī)作為核心控制單元,其片上資源豐富,抗干擾能力強(qiáng)。在硬件上采取了獨(dú)立電源、光電隔離、屏蔽外殼等措施加強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)的抗干擾性能:軟件上采用了嵌入式實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)uC/OS-Ⅱ,實(shí)時(shí)性強(qiáng),設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單。在控制方法上,采用數(shù)字增量式PID控制方法,并取得了良好的控制效果。上位機(jī)程序采用Visual Basic語(yǔ)言編寫,能夠?qū)?jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行參數(shù)設(shè)定,并可以繪制實(shí)時(shí)的控制曲線。經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)調(diào)試驗(yàn)證,該監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計(jì)合理,結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,成本低廉,控制靈活,性能可靠,人機(jī)交互界面友好,提高了工作效率和準(zhǔn)確度,滿足現(xiàn)實(shí)生產(chǎn)需要,有很好的應(yīng)用和推廣價(jià)值。?
開煉機(jī)是生產(chǎn)子午線輪胎的重要設(shè)備,其調(diào)距性能的好壞直接影響到產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械調(diào)距裝置在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過程中存在一定的缺陷,如更換安全片時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)、調(diào)距精度差,特別是對(duì)設(shè)備和人身的安全保護(hù)不夠。為解決上述問題,本課題結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外調(diào)距裝置的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,設(shè)計(jì)了電液伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)的開煉機(jī)調(diào)距系統(tǒng),并對(duì)其控制策略做了重點(diǎn)研究。本課題先后設(shè)計(jì)了常規(guī)PID控制器、普通模糊控制器、模糊-PID雙?？刂破骷澳：哉≒ID控制器,并進(jìn)行了仿真對(duì)比研究。最后,針對(duì)模糊控制中遇到的一些問題,利用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)自學(xué)習(xí)功能,提出了基于模糊RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的PID控制。仿真結(jié)果表明,基于模糊RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的PID控制,具有更優(yōu)良的性能,能更好地滿足開煉機(jī)調(diào)距系統(tǒng)的控制要求。首先,在查閱大量國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)開煉機(jī)的系統(tǒng)參數(shù)要求,設(shè)計(jì)了液壓系統(tǒng)。通過合理的推導(dǎo),建立了電液伺服位置控制系統(tǒng)的非線性數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用該模型對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行相關(guān)的動(dòng)態(tài)和穩(wěn)定性分析。其次,針對(duì)系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)達(dá)不到設(shè)計(jì)要求,采用PID控制器校正系統(tǒng)。由于傳統(tǒng)的PID控制采用線性定常組合的方法,PID參數(shù)一旦調(diào)定,控制器很難適應(yīng)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)變化。然后,采用了模糊控制技術(shù),分別設(shè)計(jì)了普通模糊控制器、模糊-PID雙?？刂破骷澳：哉≒ID控制器。仿真結(jié)果表明,后兩種模糊控制的效果較好,超調(diào)量小,且響應(yīng)速度快,明顯優(yōu)于常規(guī)PID控制和普通模糊控制。最后,將模糊控制與神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制結(jié)合起來,提出了基于模糊RBF網(wǎng)絡(luò)整定的PID控制技術(shù)。通過仿真表明,該控制器具有響應(yīng)時(shí)間短,超調(diào)小,穩(wěn)態(tài)精度高的特點(diǎn),控制效果優(yōu)于模糊-PID雙模控制器及模糊PID自整定控制器,能較好地滿足開煉機(jī)液壓調(diào)距系統(tǒng)的控制要求。?