高中英語《Unit 2 Poems》虛擬語氣專練 新人教版選修61

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《Unit 2 Poems》 Ⅰ. 翻譯句子： 1. 我們有必要出去散散步。 2. 如果他早起，他就不會上學(xué)遲到。 3. 如果他開車更小心點，他昨天就不會出車禍了。 4. 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。 5. 真遺憾你竟然錯過了一個好機會。 6. 你真該去上學(xué)了。 7. 你本不應(yīng)該告訴她真相。 8. 我沒有足夠的錢，否則我會買那本書的。 9. 如果我們國家每個人都懂急救，就會有許多生命被救。 10. 我寧愿你現(xiàn)在付我錢。 Ⅱ. 請改正下列句子中的錯誤。 1. The doctor ordered that she stayed in bed for a few days. 2. I’d rather you will go to the concert with me this evening. 3. If you had worked hard, you would have been very tired now. 4. It is high time that we leave for our hometown. 5. If only I can speak several foreign languages! 6. I wish I didn’t do such a foolish thing yesterday. 7. What would have happened if you didn’t help her? 8. But for your great efforts, the work couldn’t be finished on time. Ⅲ. 單項選擇。 1. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 2. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ________ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 3. _______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 4. —Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. 　—I _______ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended 5. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ______ our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 6. ________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 7. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ________ your advice. A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed 8. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we _______ there now. A．would be B．would have been C．have been D．will be 9. It is time that the government ____ measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking 10. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ______ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 11. Without electricity human life ______ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 12. If he ______ to the teacher attentively, he ______ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know 13. I would have come earlier, but I ________ that you were waiting for me. A. didn’t know B. hadn’t know C. would have known D. haven’t known 14. Everything ______ if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade. A. will be destroyed B. will have been destroyed C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed 15. ______the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily. A. Had it not been B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for 答案與解析： Ⅰ. 翻譯句子： 1. It’s necessary that we should have a walk now. 2. If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school. 3. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday. 4. If only our parents could live with us! 5. It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 6. It is high time that you went / should go to school. 7. You shouldn’t have told her the truth. 8. I didn’t have enough money. Otherwise I would have bought that book. 9. If everyone in our country knew first aid, many lives would be saved. 10. I would rather you paid me now. Ⅱ. 請改正下列句子中的錯誤。 1. stayed → (should) stay。order的賓語從句的謂語用“（should）+ 動詞原形”的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)。 2. will go → went。would rather后的賓語從句中，用過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪龅氖虑椤? 3. would have been → would be。從句說的是過去，所以用過去完成時，而主句指的是現(xiàn)在，即現(xiàn)在的虛擬結(jié)果，所以用“would + 動詞原形”。 4. leave → left/should leave。在“It is （high）time that …”句型中，從句的謂語動詞一般用過去式或should+動詞原形，should不可省。 5. can → could。if only引出的句子要用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞用一般過去時表示目前的愿望。 6. didn’t do → hadn’t done。wish后的賓語從句謂語用過去完成時，表示與過去事實相反的愿望。 7. didn’t help → hadn’t helped。主句用“would / should + have + 過去分詞”，表示過去時間的虛擬條件從句要用過去完成時。 8. couldn’t be → couldn’t have been。句意：要不是你那么努力，工作就不會準時完成了。從but for（要不是）短語中的“great”可知，“你”已經(jīng)付出了努力，是暗含的條件，所以后面句子相當(dāng)于虛擬條件句的主句，而且與過去事實相反，應(yīng)該用couldn’t have been。 Ⅲ. 單項選擇。 1. B?？疾閕f條件的虛擬語氣，與過去事實相反，條件句省略了if，把had提前。 2. B?？疾榛旌咸摂M語氣，根據(jù)at the age of seven可知從句為對過去的假設(shè)，須用過去完成時。 3. B。虛擬條件句中含有were或had，should時， if可省,將were, had, should提到主語前面，從句是與將來事實相反的假設(shè)，所以用should，實際上“you”也不會被解雇。而主句說明的事實，所以用了will。 4. D。從上下文可知，說話人沒有參加講座，省略了從句“if I hadn’t been busy”，主句與過去事實相反，因此選D。 5. D。前句是省略了if的與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句，而由now可知主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以用would be。 6. B。從句子的后半部分“I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.”可知用了虛擬語氣形式，所以前面用but for（要不是）引出相當(dāng)于條件句的介詞短語。In spite of 盡管；Because of 因為；As for 就......而言。 7. C。If only引出的句子是一個條件句，要用虛擬語氣；從上文可知說話人后悔沒有聽從對方的建議，應(yīng)該用與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。 8. A。此句是混合虛擬條件句，前面是與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句，后面的結(jié)果句受now影響應(yīng)該與現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以選A。 9. B。句型“It is time that...”從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時表示虛擬。 10. C。從“He was very busy yesterday”可知，談?wù)摰氖沁^去的事，otherwise相當(dāng)于“如果昨天不忙的話”，所以主句用would have done。 11. D。“Without electricity”相當(dāng)于條件句，從today可知句子與現(xiàn)在事實相反，所以謂語動詞用would be。句意：如果沒有電，人類今天的生活會完全不同了。 12. D。句意：如果他認真聽老師講課了，他現(xiàn)在就會知道問題的答案了。從句與過去事實相反，用had listened；主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，用would+動詞原形。 13. A。前面的分句是與過去事實相反的主句形式，but引出了過去的事實，而省略了與過去事實相反的條件句“if I had known that...”。即：如果我知道你在等我，我早就來了，但是我不知道你正在等我?！安恢馈笔沁^去的事實，用didn’t know。 14. D。從if從句中可知談?wù)摰氖桥c過去的事實相反的假設(shè)，主句應(yīng)該用would have done。所以選D。 15. D。主句是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，從而排除A、C；if it is not for... 要不是因為......，此短語用于虛擬語氣，省略了if，is變成were提前。句意：如果不是因為那些云彩，你會很容易地看到空中的飛機。