高中英語(yǔ)《Unit 2 Poems》虛擬語(yǔ)氣專練 新人教版選修61

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《Unit 2 Poems》 Ⅰ. 翻譯句子： 1. 我們有必要出去散散步。 2. 如果他早起，他就不會(huì)上學(xué)遲到。 3. 如果他開車更小心點(diǎn)，他昨天就不會(huì)出車禍了。 4. 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。 5. 真遺憾你竟然錯(cuò)過(guò)了一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)。 6. 你真該去上學(xué)了。 7. 你本不應(yīng)該告訴她真相。 8. 我沒有足夠的錢，否則我會(huì)買那本書的。 9. 如果我們國(guó)家每個(gè)人都懂急救，就會(huì)有許多生命被救。 10. 我寧愿你現(xiàn)在付我錢。 Ⅱ. 請(qǐng)改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤。 1. The doctor ordered that she stayed in bed for a few days. 2. I’d rather you will go to the concert with me this evening. 3. If you had worked hard, you would have been very tired now. 4. It is high time that we leave for our hometown. 5. If only I can speak several foreign languages! 6. I wish I didn’t do such a foolish thing yesterday. 7. What would have happened if you didn’t help her? 8. But for your great efforts, the work couldn’t be finished on time. Ⅲ. 單項(xiàng)選擇。 1. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 2. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ________ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 3. _______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 4. —Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. 　—I _______ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended 5. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ______ our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 6. ________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 7. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ________ your advice. A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed 8. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we _______ there now. A．would be B．would have been C．have been D．will be 9. It is time that the government ____ measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking 10. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ______ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 11. Without electricity human life ______ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 12. If he ______ to the teacher attentively, he ______ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know 13. I would have come earlier, but I ________ that you were waiting for me. A. didn’t know B. hadn’t know C. would have known D. haven’t known 14. Everything ______ if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade. A. will be destroyed B. will have been destroyed C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed 15. ______the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily. A. Had it not been B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for 答案與解析： Ⅰ. 翻譯句子： 1. It’s necessary that we should have a walk now. 2. If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school. 3. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday. 4. If only our parents could live with us! 5. It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 6. It is high time that you went / should go to school. 7. You shouldn’t have told her the truth. 8. I didn’t have enough money. Otherwise I would have bought that book. 9. If everyone in our country knew first aid, many lives would be saved. 10. I would rather you paid me now. Ⅱ. 請(qǐng)改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤。 1. stayed → (should) stay。order的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用“（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)。 2. will go → went。would rather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)要做的事情。 3. would have been → would be。從句說(shuō)的是過(guò)去，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而主句指的是現(xiàn)在，即現(xiàn)在的虛擬結(jié)果，所以用“would + 動(dòng)詞原形”。 4. leave → left/should leave。在“It is （high）time that …”句型中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過(guò)去式或should+動(dòng)詞原形，should不可省。 5. can → could。if only引出的句子要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示目前的愿望。 6. didn’t do → hadn’t done。wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望。 7. didn’t help → hadn’t helped。主句用“would / should + have + 過(guò)去分詞”，表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的虛擬條件從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 8. couldn’t be → couldn’t have been。句意：要不是你那么努力，工作就不會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成了。從but for（要不是）短語(yǔ)中的“great”可知，“你”已經(jīng)付出了努力，是暗含的條件，所以后面句子相當(dāng)于虛擬條件句的主句，而且與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，應(yīng)該用couldn’t have been。 Ⅲ. 單項(xiàng)選擇。 1. B?？疾閕f條件的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，條件句省略了if，把had提前。 2. B?？疾榛旌咸摂M語(yǔ)氣，根據(jù)at the age of seven可知從句為對(duì)過(guò)去的假設(shè)，須用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 3. B。虛擬條件句中含有were或had，should時(shí)， if可省,將were, had, should提到主語(yǔ)前面，從句是與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，所以用should，實(shí)際上“you”也不會(huì)被解雇。而主句說(shuō)明的事實(shí)，所以用了will。 4. D。從上下文可知，說(shuō)話人沒有參加講座，省略了從句“if I hadn’t been busy”，主句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，因此選D。 5. D。前句是省略了if的與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，而由now可知主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，所以用would be。 6. B。從句子的后半部分“I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.”可知用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，所以前面用but for（要不是）引出相當(dāng)于條件句的介詞短語(yǔ)。In spite of 盡管；Because of 因?yàn)?；As for 就......而言。 7. C。If only引出的句子是一個(gè)條件句，要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；從上文可知說(shuō)話人后悔沒有聽從對(duì)方的建議，應(yīng)該用與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 8. A。此句是混合虛擬條件句，前面是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，后面的結(jié)果句受now影響應(yīng)該與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，所以選A。 9. B。句型“It is time that...”從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示虛擬。 10. C。從“He was very busy yesterday”可知，談?wù)摰氖沁^(guò)去的事，otherwise相當(dāng)于“如果昨天不忙的話”，所以主句用would have done。 11. D?！癢ithout electricity”相當(dāng)于條件句，從today可知句子與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would be。句意：如果沒有電，人類今天的生活會(huì)完全不同了。 12. D。句意：如果他認(rèn)真聽老師講課了，他現(xiàn)在就會(huì)知道問(wèn)題的答案了。從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，用had listened；主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用would+動(dòng)詞原形。 13. A。前面的分句是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的主句形式，but引出了過(guò)去的事實(shí)，而省略了與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的條件句“if I had known that...”。即：如果我知道你在等我，我早就來(lái)了，但是我不知道你正在等我?！安恢馈笔沁^(guò)去的事實(shí)，用didn’t know。 14. D。從if從句中可知談?wù)摰氖桥c過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，主句應(yīng)該用would have done。所以選D。 15. D。主句是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從而排除A、C；if it is not for... 要不是因?yàn)?.....，此短語(yǔ)用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣，省略了if，is變成were提前。句意：如果不是因?yàn)槟切┰撇?，你?huì)很容易地看到空中的飛機(jī)。