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微型軸承外表面缺陷自動(dòng)檢測線設(shè)計(jì) 機(jī)械學(xué)院140108班 史永杰
摘要
目前我國大部分軸承產(chǎn)品加工企業(yè)，特別是一些中小規(guī)模的生產(chǎn)單位，對(duì)產(chǎn)品感官指標(biāo)的檢測還要借助于人的視覺和個(gè)人主觀判斷能力,因而占用了大量的人力,而且由于受到個(gè)人的視力、情緒、疲勞、光線等因素的影響,工作效率低,分選差異大。如何提高檢測效率、檢測的準(zhǔn)確度，成為一個(gè)重要的研究課題。
本次設(shè)計(jì)引入了一個(gè)新的現(xiàn)代化的檢測技術(shù)：基于圖像識(shí)別技術(shù)的在線檢測。
本次我的任務(wù)主要是設(shè)計(jì)整個(gè)檢測線以及與其配套的相關(guān)執(zhí)行系統(tǒng)、及相關(guān)軟件。設(shè)計(jì)出了以同步帶為傳送方式的軸承輸送帶，設(shè)計(jì)出了4軸機(jī)械手，及其控制電器圖，并編制了以部分系統(tǒng)軟件。
經(jīng)過設(shè)計(jì)，證明基于機(jī)器視覺的軸承在線檢測系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)完確是可行的，我們的設(shè)計(jì)完全可以用到軸承生產(chǎn)企業(yè)中去。
關(guān)鍵字：圖像識(shí)別；在線檢測；同步帶；機(jī)械手
Abstract
Currently ，most of bearings production enterprises of our country , especially some factories of medium and small scale, still need to ask for help from the person's sense of vision and personal subjective judgment abilities to the examination of the product sense organs index sign, as result of taking up a great deal of manpower, and because of being affect by the factors, such as personal sight, motion, fatigue and ray...etc., the work efficiency is low, and the difference of choosing is obvious. How to raise the degree of the efficiency and accurate examination, becomes an important research topic.
This design led to go into a new modernized of examination technique: on-line examination based on image understanding technique.
My mission mainly is to design the whole examination line performance system, and software with its kit of related. We have designed bearings belt taking synchronously belt as the conveying way, 4 stalk mechanical hands, and electric appliances controlling diagram, also we have drawn up parts of system software.
Through designing, it shows that the development of bearings on-line examination system is reasonable; Our design can used in the manufactures of bearings production.
Keywords: image understanding; on-line examination; synchronously belt; manipulator
目錄
第一章 概 述 ……………………………………………………………1
1.1 前 言 ……………………………………………………………1
1.2 國內(nèi)外發(fā)展情況…………………………………………………1
1.3 課題研究內(nèi)容……………………………………………………1
第二章 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………3
2.1系統(tǒng)總體技術(shù)分析 ………………………………………………3
2.2總體系統(tǒng)工作原理 ………………………………………………2
2.3系統(tǒng)描述及關(guān)鍵問題分析 ………………………………………4
2.4系統(tǒng)總體的組成 …………………………………………………5
2.5 總體系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù) ……………………………………………6
第三章 輸送線的設(shè)計(jì) ……………………………………………………7
3.1 自動(dòng)線的設(shè)計(jì)選用要點(diǎn) …………………………………………7
3.2 同步帶簡介 ………………………………………………………7
3.3 同步帶的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ………………………………………………10
第四章 機(jī)械手的設(shè)計(jì) ……………………………………………………16
4.1引言…………………………………………………………………16
4.2 機(jī)械手的組成 ……………………………………………………16
4.3 機(jī)械手的整體功能 ………………………………………………17
4.4機(jī)械手手部得設(shè)計(jì) ………………………………………………19
4.5 臂部設(shè)計(jì) …………………………………………………………20
4.6 機(jī)身設(shè)計(jì) …………………………………………………………21
4.7 底座設(shè)計(jì) …………………………………………………………24
4.8 滾動(dòng)軸承的選擇計(jì)算 ……………………………………………27
4.9 聯(lián)軸器的選擇 ……………………………………………………27
4.10 機(jī)械手的基本參數(shù)………………………………………………28
第五章 中間軸軸徑估計(jì)……………………………………………………29
5.1 初估軸徑 …………………………………………………………29
5.2 零件的強(qiáng)度校核 …………………………………………………30
第六章 電路圖設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………33
6.1 微機(jī)測控系統(tǒng)的基本組成 ……………………………………33
6.2 基本工作流程過程………………………………………………39
6.3 單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ……………………………………………39
6.4 機(jī)械手流程圖 …………………………………………………40
6.5 相關(guān)的系統(tǒng)程序 ………………………………………………42
總 結(jié) ………………………………………………………………………43
致 謝…………………………………………………………………………45
參考文獻(xiàn) ……………………………………………………………………46
附錄 …………………………………………………………………………48