2019年高考英語 考綱解讀與熱點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破 專題19 去偽存真 短文改錯(cuò)熱點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破.doc

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專題19 去偽存真 短文改錯(cuò) 一、 One day when I was on my way to home from school，I found a building on fire.Immediately I called the firefighters. Several minutes lately，the firefighters arrived and tried their best to control the fire.With the help of the firefighters，a lot of peoples left the building safely.Sudden a foreign woman came in a hurry to tell the firefighters everything.But they cant understand what she said.I went to the woman and asked her that was happening.She told me that his daughter was still in the building.I told the firefighters about it at once.They immediately run into the building and rescued little girl. 文章大意：本文主要講述作者在回家的路上看到一棟建筑物著火了，打電話報(bào)警后，消防員很快撲滅了大火。但突然一名外國婦女跑來說她女兒還在建筑物里，但消防員們聽不懂，最后，作者將這些告訴了消防員，他們救出了那個(gè)小女孩。 答案： One day when I was on my way to home from school，I found a building on fire.Immediately I called the firefighters. Several minutes ，the firefighters arrived and tried their best to control the fire.With the help of the firefighters，a lot of left the building safely. a foreign woman came in a hurry to tell the firefighters.But they understand what she said.I went to the woman and asked her was happening.She told me that daughter was still in the building.I told the firefighters about it at once.They immediately into the building and rescued little girl. 4.　解析：考查副詞。修飾句子要用副詞，形容詞sudden的副詞是suddenly。 5.　解析：根據(jù)句意：告訴消防員一些事情。用something。 6.　解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。全文講述的是過去的事情，用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。 二、 Looking back to the National English Speaking petition I take part in several days ago，I have a lot to share to you. Firstly，I feel real delighted that Ive won the first prize in the petition，which makes me to understand the true meaning of the proverb “No pains，no gains”．Besides，Ive established the friendship with students from all over our country，from which Ive learned a lot.More importantly，participate in this petition has enabled me to overe my fear of speaking in public，thus developing my self-confidence.Additionally，I owe much thanks to my teachers and judges.Without his help，I couldnt have done such excellent job. To sum up，I will always treasure this meaningful and memorable experiences. 文章大意：作者回顧自己參加英語演講比賽后的一些體會(huì)。 答案： Looking back to the National English Speaking petition I part in several days ago，I have a lot to share you. Firstly，I feel delighted that Ive won the first prize in the petition，which makes me to understand the true meaning of the proverb “No pains，no gains”．Besides，Ive established the friendship with students from all over our country，from Ive learned a lot.More importantly， in this petition has enabled me to overe my fear of speaking in public，thus developing my selfconfidence.Additionally，I owe thanks to my teachers and judges.Without help，I couldnt have done such excellent job. To sum up，I will always treasure this meaningful and memorable . 1.　解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)本句中的時(shí)間狀語several days ago可知用過去時(shí)，故take改為took。 2. 解析：考查介詞。此處為固定搭配：share with sb.和某人分享。 3.　解析：考查副詞。此處為副詞修飾形容詞delighted，故用really。 4.　解析：考查動(dòng)詞。此處為make的固定用法：make sb do sth：讓某人做某事，故去掉to。 三、 In my mind，I could never fancy how ten second of life could change a persons view for his whole existence.A few years ago I experience the worst moment in my life.I was driving home that afternoon.Unfortunately，I didnt make it home as usually because I had a car accident.While I was driving，all of a sudden，but the car in front of me stopped.My car immediately ran into it.Luckily，I wasnt serious hurt.That accident changed way I drive and they taught me a valuable lesson.I also came to the conclusion which life needs to be treasuring. 答案： In my mind，I could never fancy how ten of life could change a persons view his whole existence.A few years ago I the worst moment in my life.I was driving home that afternoon.Unfortunately，I didnt make it home as because I had a car accident.While I was driving，all of a sudden，but the car in front of me stopped.My car immediately ran into it.Luckily，I wasnt hurt.That accident changed way I drive and taught me a valuable lesson.I also came to the conclusion life needs to be . 1.　解析：句意：在我心中，我無法想象生活的十秒能怎樣改變一個(gè)人對于他整個(gè)存在的觀點(diǎn)。second表示“秒”是可數(shù)名詞，前面有ten修飾，故要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故second改為seconds。 2.解析：考查介詞。表示某人關(guān)于某一事物的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)，或者關(guān)于哪個(gè)方面的課題、論文、演講等用on 或about。故for改為on/ about。 3.　解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：幾年前我經(jīng)歷了生命中最困難的時(shí)刻。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語a few years ago可知，用一般過去時(shí)，故experience改為experienced。 4.　解析：句意：我并沒有按時(shí)回到家，因?yàn)槲野l(fā)生了一場車禍。本題考查詞組as usual，表示“像往常一樣”。故usually改為usual。 8.　解析：考查代詞。句意：那次事故改變了我開車的方法，它也給我上了寶貴的一課。這里用it指代上文出現(xiàn)的名詞單數(shù)that accident，故they改為it。 9.　解析：考查同位語從句。句意：我也得出了生命需要被珍視的結(jié)論。名詞the conclusion后接從句表示the conclusion的內(nèi)容，構(gòu)造了同位語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在句中只起連接作用，無意義，不作成分，故要用that。 10.　解析：句意：我也得出了生命需要被珍視的結(jié)論。根據(jù)句意可知，動(dòng)詞treasure要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式，故treasuring改為treasured。 四、 When I was a kid，my father and mother were made me join a tennis club in the center of our city.Every day both my parent would take me to club after school.I played tennis，ate snacks and did my homework here.It was basically my second family.A woman whose name was Li Li，my first private coach，was as a mother to us.She not only taught me everything that I know about what to play tennis，but treats me well.She was kind or always trained me with great patient.In my heart，she was the best coach in our city. 文章大意：本文講述了作者幼時(shí)的網(wǎng)球教練對于自己的幫助。爸爸媽媽讓我參加了一個(gè)網(wǎng)球俱樂部，放學(xué)后我會(huì)在那里打球，吃飯和做作業(yè)。那里就像我的另一個(gè)家。我的教練對我很好，她不僅教我打球而且對我很好，在我心里她是我市最好的教練。 答案： When I was a kid，my father and mother were made me join a tennis club in the center of our city.Every day both my would take me toclub after school.I played tennis，ate snacks and did my homework .It was basically my second family.A woman whose name was Li Li，my first private coach，was a mother to .She not only taught me everything that I know about to play tennis，but me well.She was kind always trained me with great .In my heart，she was the best coach in our city. 1.　解析：考查謂語動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。主語my father and mother和謂語動(dòng)詞made 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“爸爸媽媽讓我參加了一個(gè)網(wǎng)球俱樂部”，所以去掉were。 6.　解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)下文She not only taught me everything　可知教練就像我的媽媽，所以用代詞me。 7.　解析：考查疑問詞。根據(jù)本句表示“她教我怎樣打網(wǎng)球”，所以what改為how。 8.　解析：考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文可知謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式treated。 9.　解析：考查連詞。She was kind表示“她很和藹”； always trained me with great __patient__　表示“她耐心的培訓(xùn)我”，所以兩句之間是并列關(guān)系，所以or改為and。 10.　解析：考查詞性。with 后用名詞patience，表示“耐心地”，相當(dāng)于副詞patiently。 五、 Last Sunday，I joined the voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 8∶00 a．m.，we arrived there，wore red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic rule.To our delighted，they all waited for the green light patient except one motor-biker.We also give out some handmade brochures about traffic regulations，for that many people praised us.About 4 hours later，they said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts. 答案： Last Sunday，I joined voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 8∶00 a．m.，we arrived there， red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic .To our ，they all waited for the green light except one motor-biker.We also out some hand-made brochures about traffic regulations，for many people praised us.About 4 hours later， said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts. 1.　解析：在全文中是第一次出現(xiàn)，不能用特指，而應(yīng)用泛指。故將the改為a。 六、 One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son if the poor lived，so he could be thankful to his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of that would be considered a very poor family.On their return back，the father asked his son to explain what he had learnt.The boy，who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home，replying in a way that shocked his father. The boy said he wanted to bee farmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night star to give them light while her family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy finished by saying，“Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is true rich.” With this，the boy got up and walked away，leaving his father sat on their fortable sofa，totally speechless. 文章大意：一天，一位富人為了讓兒子對他的財(cái)富充滿“感激”，便帶著兒子來到鄉(xiāng)村去體驗(yàn)農(nóng)民的生活，沒想到結(jié)果卻令富人“無語”，因?yàn)樗膬鹤酉氘?dāng)農(nóng)民。 答案： One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son the poor lived，so he could be thankful his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of would be considered a very poor family.On their return back，the father asked his son to explain what he had learnt.The boy，who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home， in a way that shocked his father. The boy said he wanted to beefarmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night to give them light while family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy finished by saying，“Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is rich.” With this，the boy got up and walked away，leaving his father on their fortable sofa，totally speechless. 3.　解析：考查連接代詞。此處用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句，由于該從句中缺少主語，故用連接代詞what。 4.　解析：考查return的含義。由于return“返回”相當(dāng)于“go back/get back/e back”，即它本身就含有back的意思，其后不能再跟back；故去掉return之后的back。 5.　解析：考查謂語動(dòng)詞。此處在句中作謂語，根據(jù)上文可知，此處講述的是發(fā)生在過去某一天的事情，應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)；故用replied。 6.　解析：考查不定冠詞。此處用來修飾單數(shù)名詞farmer，表示泛指一位農(nóng)民，故在farmer前加a。 7.　解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。此處指的是：許多美麗的夜星；由于star為可數(shù)名詞；故用stars。 8.　解析：考查人稱代詞。此處用來修飾名詞family，指代的是男孩的家；故用his。 9.　解析：考查副詞。此處用來修飾形容詞rich，故用truly。 10.　解析：考查固定搭配。leave sb doing 指讓某人保持某動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，留下某人…；此處指的是：男孩站起來走開了，留下了他的父親坐在他們舒適的沙發(fā)上，完全說不出話來；故用sitting。 七、 Dear Chris， Im Li Ming，monitor of Class One，Senior One.Im glad to hear that you will e to our school as exchange student next term.I feel it an honor of us to study with you.Now I have something to tell you about.Firstly，with the climate changing，you should prepared enough clothes.Then there are different kind of foods and snacks which will give you a chance to experiencing rich Chinese food culture.In addition，every student is friendly to foreign friends，that will make it easy for you to get along good with them. Last but not least，we can do what we can to help you，and you must get prepared to meet trouble.During your stay here，I hope you can tell us more about American culture.Only by understanding and learn from each other can we spend these days together happily. Yours， Li Ming. 文章大意：短文為李明寫給交換生Chris的一封信，表示在他來我校交換期間會(huì)幫助他適應(yīng)環(huán)境，以及互相學(xué)習(xí)。 答案： Dear Chris， Im Li Ming，monitor of Class One，Senior One.Im glad to hear that you will e to our school asexchange student next term.I feel it an honor us to study with you.Now I have something to tell you about.Firstly，with the climate changing， you should enough clothes.Then there are different of foods and snacks which will give you a chance to rich Chinese food culture.In addition，every student is friendly to foreign friends， will make it easy for you to get along with them.Last but not least，we can do what we can to help you， you must get prepared to meet trouble.During your stay here，I hope you can tell us more about American culture.Only by understanding and from each other can we spend these days together happily. 5.　解析：考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，kind“種類”是可數(shù)名詞，表示“不同的種類”，different后接其復(fù)數(shù)形式。 6.　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的用法，a chance to do sth.“做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”，to為動(dòng)詞不定式，后接動(dòng)詞原形，因此使用experience。 7.　解析：考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞，考查非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，使用which。 8.　解析：考查固定搭配，表達(dá)“與某人相處融洽”使用動(dòng)詞短語get along well with sb.，因此good改為well。 9.　解析：考查連詞的用法，前后句子為轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，and為并列的關(guān)系，因此改為but。 10.　解析：考查動(dòng)名詞形式，此處and連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)，by后接動(dòng)名詞，因此learn使用其動(dòng)名詞形式learning。 八、 A survey (調(diào)查)has recently carried out among the students in our school about whether they would like it if their parents gave birth to a second child.Opinions vary wide from one to another. Most of the students supported the idea.They think that it would be amazing to have a brother and a sister to keep the pany and share secrets with.Besides，we believe a second child would bring lots of funs to the family. However，the rest of the students interviewing hold the opposite view.To start with，raising one child is already a difficult thing and the parents would have to work twice as hard if they had a second child.Whats more，they argue whether they have been accustomed to enjoy the whole love from their parents. 答案： A survey (調(diào)查)has recently carried out among the students in our school about whether they would like it if their parents gave birth to a second child.Opinions vary from one to another. Most of the students the idea.They think that it would be amazing to have a brother a sister to keep the pany and share secrets with.Besides， believe a second child would bring lots of to the family. However，the rest of the students hold the opposite view.To start with，raising one child is already a difficult thing and the parents would have to work twice as hard if they had a second child.Whats more，they argue they have been accustomed to the whole love from their parents. 6.　解析：由句意得此處主語為students，所以為they。 九、 One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again！Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again. 文章大意：本文講述了小男孩Tony和父母上街購物，街上人多，Tony沒有告訴父母就獨(dú)自進(jìn)了一家商店，結(jié)果和父母走散，后來在街上又得以相見的故事。 答案： One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his .It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing.Tony was scared and to cry.A woman saw him crying and him to wait outside shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again！Dad and I were worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again. 1.　解析：parent改為parents?？聪挛目芍?，是父母兩個(gè)，所以用parents。 2. 解析：on改為in。Tony走進(jìn)商店，說明玩具在櫥窗里面，用in。 3.　解析：very去掉。這里是“如此喜歡以至于”的意思，應(yīng)該是like so much that... 4.　解析：looks改為looking。after之后跟從句或v－ing形式，故looks改為looking。 5.　解析：where改為that 或者去掉 where。found后面的賓語從句是陳述句，故where改為that或者去掉where。 6.　解析：begun改為began。and前后的謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)要一致，故begun改為began。 7.　解析：telling改為told。and前后的謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)要一致，see和tell是并列謂語，故telling改為told。 十、 Hi Janice， Its been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing. As I tell you last time，I made three new friend here.We hang out together during lunch and after school.Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.And I started to see this as a time－wasting activity! In fact，I dont like to go anymore，so Im afraid Ill lose their friendship.How do you think I should do? If you are me，would you talk to him? Please help with me and give me some advice. Grace 文章大意：文章主要通過一封求助信，寫出了寫信人的困擾。作者交了三個(gè)新朋友，經(jīng)常一起去卡拉OK唱歌，但其實(shí)作者并不喜歡這樣，她想知道自己該怎么做才不會(huì)失去這段友誼。 答案： Hi，Janice， Its been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing. As I you last time，I made three new here.We hang out together during lunch and after school.Weve been spending a lot of time in karaoke bars.Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me .And I started to see this as a time－wasting activity！In fact，I dont like to go anymore， Im afraid Ill lose their friendship. do you think I should do？If you me，would you talk to ？ Please help with me and give me some advice. Grace 1.　解析：加上to?？疾閯?dòng)詞want的用法。want用不定式擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，故加上to。句意為：我真的很想和你分享一下我經(jīng)歷的問題。 4.　sing改為singing?？疾閯?dòng)名詞做賓語。本句考查句型spend...(in)doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，故把sing改成singing。 5.　many改為much?？疾榇~。根據(jù)句意，指的是花費(fèi)很多錢，故用much而非many。句意為：那真的花費(fèi)很多。 6.　so改為but?？疾檫B詞。上一分句意為：我不想再去；下一分句意為：我怕失去他們的友誼，兩個(gè)分句之間有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故把so改成but。 7.　How改為What?？疾橐蓡栐~。本句中do之后缺少賓語，表示事情，故用what而非how。注意首字母要大寫。 8.　are改為were?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)句子可知，此處為虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不相符，故把a(bǔ)re改成were。句意為：如果你是我……。 9.　him改為them?？疾榇~。根據(jù)上文可知，作者交了三個(gè)朋友，故用them而非him。句意為：你會(huì)和她們說嗎？ 10.　去掉with。考查動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞help為及物動(dòng)詞，其后接賓語時(shí)無需加介詞，故去掉with。句意為：請幫幫我，給我一些建議。 十一、 I took the Harvard Summer School program in my vacation.During my stay there，I spend a lot of time studying in the main library Widener.I enjoyed myself in the ocean of knowledges，either doing research for my papers or read special edition books.The library，which it is named after its donor Harry Widener，stands right next to the Emerson building of philosophy.Opening a pair of heavy yet elegant metal doors，I was immediate bathed in warm light.I wandered around the library，fascinating to find one treasure after other. The library is a amazing place.One can fully experience the academic atmosphere only he visits the library.For me，the library as well as the courses explain Harvards place as the home of devoted scholars. 文章大意：本文為一篇記敘文主要講述了作者去哈佛夏季學(xué)校度假時(shí)的所見所感，講述作者對于哈佛這學(xué)校自己的看法，以及對哈佛各景物的介紹。 答案： I took the Harvard Summer School program in my vacation.During my stay there，I a lot of time studying in the main library Widener.I enjoyed myself in the ocean of ，either doing research for my papers or special edition books.The library，which it is named after its donor Harry Widener，stands right next to the Emerson building of philosophy.Opening a pair of heavy yet elegant metal doors，I was bathed in warm light.I wandered around the library， to find one treasure after . The library is amazing place.One can fully experience the academic atmosphere only he visits the library.For me，the library as well as the courses Harvards place as the home of devoted scholars. 3.　解析：根據(jù)前后時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則故將either doing research for my papers or read special edition books.中的read改成reading。 4.　解析：在非限制性定語從句那根據(jù)中which 指代句子中的主語或賓語在which it is named after its donor Harry Widener，中which在本句中作主語若加上it的話則成分有所多余，故刪掉it。 5.　解析：在immediate bathed 中immediate 作狀語來修飾bath故此處immediate應(yīng)當(dāng)為副詞的形式故將是改為immediately。 6.　解析：在I wandered around the library，fascinating to find one treasure after other.fascinating用來修飾人故應(yīng)當(dāng)將其改成fascinated。 7.　解析：After another為固定搭配意為一個(gè)接著一個(gè)，故將other改成another。 8.　解析：Amazing為元音字母開頭故前面不定冠詞要用an。 9.　解析：Only if 固定搭配“只有．..”故在only后面加上if。 10.　解析：當(dāng)as well as 鏈接兩個(gè)名詞作主語時(shí) 要以前面的名詞為準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行單雙數(shù)的變化故將explain改為explains。 十二、 Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great wall.In the fact，this happens in many place of interest.I had some suggestions to solve this problem. First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti(涂鴉)．Besides，punishments，such as a fine，is necessary to tourists with so bad behaviors.Also，I think its helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages. Im sure with our efforts，more and more people will bee concerning about protecting cultural relics. 文章大意：作者提出了一些防止游客在旅游景點(diǎn)亂涂鴉的建議。 答案： Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public by writing on the Great wall.In the fact，this happens in many of interest.I some suggestions to solve this problem. First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti(涂鴉)．Besides，punishments，such as a fine， necessary to tourists with bad behaviors.Also，I think its to put up some boards along the tourist attractions tourists can leave messages. Im sure with our efforts，more and more people will bee about protecting cultural relics. 4.　解析：had→have；考查時(shí)態(tài)。本文用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)描述，故此句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是第一人稱，故用have。 5.　解析：在public后面加of；考查介詞。此處為固定短語：inform sb of sth“通知某人某事”。 6.　解析：is→are；考查主謂一致。此句的主語是punishments，是復(fù)數(shù)，故謂語也要用復(fù)數(shù)。 7.　解析：so→such；考查副詞。so修飾形容詞或者副詞，such修飾名詞，雖然此處有bad這個(gè)形容詞，但是bad也是來修飾后面這個(gè)名詞behaviors的，也就是說此處的中心詞是behaviors，故用such來修飾。 8.　解析：helpfully→helpful；考