本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）中期檢查報(bào)告題目： 鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué) 院： 專 業(yè)： 機(jī)械制造及其自動(dòng)化 班 級(jí)：姓 名：學(xué) 號(hào)：指導(dǎo)教師一、工作任務(wù)的進(jìn)展情況⑴設(shè)計(jì)初期查閱了大量的資料，分析比較各種可行的方案。⑵ 通過(guò)老師的指導(dǎo)，確定方案之后直到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行具體的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)工作，計(jì)算切斷所需切削力，選取電動(dòng)機(jī)，計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)傳動(dòng)裝置等，同時(shí)已經(jīng)完成了實(shí)習(xí)報(bào)告和英文文獻(xiàn)的翻譯工作。我根據(jù)自己的設(shè)計(jì)以及查閱到的資料文獻(xiàn)確定了自動(dòng)下料機(jī)具體的結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了畫(huà)圖的階段。二、未按計(jì)劃完成工作任務(wù)的原因細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題處理不到位，有好多細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題不是太清楚，需要繼續(xù)查閱資料并解決三、工作中遇到的問(wèn)題及改進(jìn)措施1. 主要的難題就在于如何使 6 跟鋼絲同時(shí)進(jìn)行切削同時(shí)保證每次切削下來(lái)的工件長(zhǎng)度一致，大小相等。因此考慮了使用液壓裝置來(lái)進(jìn)行送料進(jìn)給；同時(shí)也考慮利用兩個(gè)滾輪相切與鋼絲之間產(chǎn)生的摩擦力進(jìn)行進(jìn)給，分析比較利弊之后，選擇后者比較方便而且經(jīng)濟(jì)。再者就是刀具的問(wèn)題，可以有多種方式實(shí)現(xiàn)切斷作業(yè)，可以鋸斷，可以車斷也可以像鍛造一樣壓斷，最終比較利弊之后選擇下面裝固定刀把，在鋼絲上端裝移動(dòng)刀把，兩刀共同作用一起切斷鋼絲的辦法。2. 在銷軸和軸套類零件的加工生產(chǎn)工藝和流程方面實(shí)際的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)較少。3.對(duì) CAD 畫(huà)圖軟件的各種功能的應(yīng)用還不太熟練。在以后的設(shè)計(jì)中加強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)。四、下一步工作計(jì)劃⑴把設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中遇到的細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題通過(guò)查閱資料或問(wèn)老師進(jìn)行徹底解決。⑵完成自動(dòng)下料機(jī)二維圖的繪制，進(jìn)而完成自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)，然后編寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)。學(xué)生簽字： 年 11 月 20 日 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）任務(wù)書(shū)（由指導(dǎo)教師填寫(xiě)）學(xué)院 學(xué)生姓名 專業(yè)班級(jí)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）題目 鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)主要研究目標(biāo)根據(jù)多股鋼筋自動(dòng)下料及控制要求，設(shè)計(jì)鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)。實(shí)現(xiàn)多股鋼筋同時(shí)自動(dòng)切斷下料，保證每股鋼筋下料的長(zhǎng)度一致。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容1. 下料機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，繪制總裝圖、部件圖、以及部分零件圖2. 電氣控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)3. 撰寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)4. 翻譯外文資料研究方法 查閱相關(guān)資料設(shè)計(jì)合理的零件結(jié)構(gòu)并用 AutoCAD 將鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)裝配體畫(huà)出。說(shuō)明書(shū)（論文）的要求畢業(yè)論文約 2 萬(wàn)字，英文翻譯 3000 單詞左右。圖紙的要求設(shè)計(jì)原理正確，運(yùn)用相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、查閱相關(guān)手冊(cè)正確處理好圖、數(shù)字、符號(hào)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等的關(guān)系，圖樣完整準(zhǔn)確主要參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 邱宣懷、郭可謙《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)》高等教育出版社 1997[2] 鄭文緯、吳克堅(jiān)主編《機(jī)械原理》高等教育出版社 1996[3] 廖希亮主編《機(jī)械制圖》山東科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社 2002[4] 李凱玲主編《機(jī)械制造技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)》清華大學(xué)出版社 2010.4起止時(shí)間 指導(dǎo)教師簽字： 系主任意見(jiàn)簽字： 年 月 日院長(zhǎng)意見(jiàn)簽字： 年 月 日?qǐng)D紙目錄[1]自動(dòng)下料機(jī)總裝備圖 1 份[2]電氣示意圖 1 份[3]輥輪設(shè)計(jì)圖 1 份[4]支架設(shè)計(jì)圖 1 份[5]液壓缸設(shè)計(jì) 1 份[61]雙級(jí)圓柱齒輪減速器圖 1 份[7]移動(dòng)滑軌設(shè)計(jì)圖 1 份[8]減速箱主軸設(shè)計(jì)圖 1 份[9]行成開(kāi)關(guān)示意圖 1 份111 學(xué) 號(hào)：HEBEI UNITED UNIVERSITY畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書(shū)GRADUATE DESIGN設(shè)計(jì)題目：鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生姓名：專業(yè)班級(jí)：學(xué) 院：指導(dǎo)教師： 本科畢業(yè)論文開(kāi)題報(bào)告題目： 鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué) 部： 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院 專 業(yè)： 機(jī)械工程及其自動(dòng)化 班 級(jí)： 姓 名： 學(xué) 號(hào)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 年 10 月 18 日開(kāi) 題 報(bào) 告一、 題目來(lái)源背景自動(dòng)下料機(jī)是鋼筋加工必不可少的設(shè)備之一，它主要用于房屋建筑、橋梁、隧道、電站、大型水利等工程中對(duì)鋼筋的定長(zhǎng)切斷。自動(dòng)下料機(jī)與其他切斷設(shè)備相比，具有質(zhì)量輕、耗能少、工作可靠、效率高等特點(diǎn)，因此，近年來(lái)逐步被機(jī)械加工和小型軋鋼廠等廣泛采用，在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮了重要的作用。二、主要研究?jī)?nèi)容、應(yīng)用價(jià)值、改進(jìn)及創(chuàng)新本課題的目的是為了設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)用于鋼筋自動(dòng)切斷下料的專用機(jī)床，機(jī)床大致由兩部分組成：自動(dòng)下料機(jī)床主機(jī)系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)。主機(jī)系統(tǒng)（包括主軸箱、移動(dòng)夾具、滑動(dòng)平臺(tái)、施力油箱、床身等等結(jié)構(gòu)）是自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的主體構(gòu)成部分，其作用是通過(guò)滑動(dòng)夾具的運(yùn)動(dòng)，保證鋼筋斷料的尺寸精度，實(shí)現(xiàn)滑臺(tái)快進(jìn)、快退、工進(jìn)等輔助運(yùn)動(dòng)，是自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)。控制系統(tǒng)根據(jù)其控制對(duì)象可分為強(qiáng)電控制系統(tǒng)和弱電控制系統(tǒng)。強(qiáng)電控制系統(tǒng)主要是通過(guò)空氣開(kāi)關(guān)、離合器等主軸驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)等強(qiáng)電部分進(jìn)行控制。弱電控制系統(tǒng)則是根據(jù)設(shè)定的切斷程序和切斷過(guò)程中的觸發(fā)信號(hào)，通過(guò)控制液壓系統(tǒng)的電磁閥與強(qiáng)電系統(tǒng)的離合器，實(shí)現(xiàn)下料過(guò)程的自動(dòng)化控制，多使用電器可編程控制系統(tǒng)（PLC） 。本設(shè)計(jì)的主要特點(diǎn)是可實(shí)現(xiàn)多股鋼筋一起下料加工，利用特制的移動(dòng)夾具，可同時(shí)裝夾多跟鋼筋材料；再通過(guò)滑動(dòng)平臺(tái)的控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)多股鋼絲的同時(shí)進(jìn)給。同時(shí)本設(shè)計(jì)還可實(shí)現(xiàn)下料后的多段物料長(zhǎng)度均勻一致，在進(jìn)給方向上，安裝特制的擋塊，使鋼筋在進(jìn)給過(guò)程中每股進(jìn)給量都相同，再利用大型刀具同時(shí)切斷，保證了下料的物料長(zhǎng)度相同，大小一致。國(guó)內(nèi)外下料機(jī)的對(duì)比：由于自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的技術(shù)含量低、易仿造、利潤(rùn)不高等原因，所以廠家近十年來(lái)基本維持現(xiàn)狀，發(fā)展不快，與國(guó)外同行相比具體有以下幾方面差距：1.國(guó)外下料機(jī)偏心軸的偏心距較大，如日本立式下料機(jī)偏心距 24mm，而國(guó)內(nèi)一般為 17mm?？此剖×?、齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)偏小些，但給用戶帶來(lái)麻煩，不易管理。因?yàn)樵谟汕写罅系角行×蠒r(shí)，不是換刀墊就是換刀片，有時(shí)還需要轉(zhuǎn)換角度。2.國(guó)外下料機(jī)的機(jī)架都是鋼板焊接結(jié)構(gòu)，零部件加工精、粗糙度尤其熱處理工藝過(guò)硬，使下料機(jī)在承受過(guò)載荷、疲勞失效、磨損等方面都超過(guò)國(guó)產(chǎn)機(jī)器。3.國(guó)內(nèi)下料機(jī)刀片設(shè)計(jì)不合理，單螺栓固定，刀片厚度夠薄，40 型和 50 型刀片厚度均為 17mm；而國(guó)外都是雙螺栓固定，25~27mm 厚，因此國(guó)外刀片在受力及壽命等綜合性能方面都較國(guó)內(nèi)優(yōu)良。4.國(guó)內(nèi)下料機(jī)每分鐘切斷次數(shù)少。國(guó)內(nèi)一般為 28~31 次，國(guó)外要高出 15~20 次，最高高出 30 次，工作效率高。三、擬采用的研究方法、手段及實(shí)驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)備情況1.設(shè)計(jì)鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)床，能實(shí)現(xiàn)鋼筋的自動(dòng)切割下料，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)自動(dòng)切割,達(dá)到高效加工目的。2.完成自動(dòng)下料機(jī)床的總體方案設(shè)計(jì)、部件設(shè)計(jì)、零件設(shè)計(jì)、夾具設(shè)計(jì)。3.要求結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,安全可靠,力求價(jià)廉物美。4.要求閱讀機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)，機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)，機(jī)械制圖，ProE 三維技術(shù)，AutoCAD，互換性與測(cè)量技術(shù)，工程材料，可編程序控制器等參考資料及書(shū)籍。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 邱宣懷、郭可謙《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)》高等教育出版社 1997[2] 鄭文緯、吳克堅(jiān)主編《機(jī)械原理》高等教育出版社 1996[3] 廖希亮主編《機(jī)械制圖》山東科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社 2002[4] 李凱玲主編《機(jī)械制造技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)》清華大學(xué)出版社 2010.4[5] 楊立軍主編《材料連接設(shè)備及工藝》機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 2008.10[6] 孟進(jìn)禮 《對(duì)鋼筋下料機(jī)發(fā)展的幾點(diǎn)看法》 《建筑機(jī)械化》2000[7] 王平、張強(qiáng) 《鋼筋調(diào)直切斷機(jī)的頂?shù)杜c連切》 《建筑機(jī)械》1997 [8] 宜亞麗 《鋼筋矯直切斷機(jī)剪切機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)研究分析》 《機(jī)械》2004 [9] 高蕊 《鋼筋切斷機(jī)切段過(guò)程分析及最大沖切力的計(jì)算》 《建筑機(jī)械化》1995[10] Jcsko J T. Optimizing performance of bar mill shear knives. Assoc Iron Steel Eng, Pittsburgh, PA,USA, 1997，(9)：41-46[11] Mundanjohl Theo, Modemization of a merchant bar mill. MPT Metallurgical Plant and Technology, 1987，(4):14,16指導(dǎo)教師意見(jiàn)：指導(dǎo)教師簽字：2013 年 10 月 18 日院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組意見(jiàn)：負(fù)責(zé)人簽章： 年 月 日摘 要-I-摘 要鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)，是一種能夠?qū)摻罾?，并將鋼筋切成一定長(zhǎng)度的工程機(jī)械。機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)分鋼筋調(diào)直和鋼筋切斷兩部分；工作時(shí)鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)可以自動(dòng)送入鋼筋，并將鋼筋拉直；當(dāng)輸出的鋼筋達(dá)到一定長(zhǎng)度時(shí)再由液壓控制的鋼筋切斷機(jī)構(gòu)將鋼筋切斷。一、校直系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)施加高頻率的周期性交變應(yīng)力，使材料產(chǎn)生超過(guò)其彈性限度的變形，原彎曲被抵消，達(dá)到校直目的。二、切斷機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)。當(dāng)鋼筋達(dá)到所需長(zhǎng)度時(shí)，切斷機(jī)構(gòu)自動(dòng)進(jìn)行切斷，切斷后活動(dòng)切刀回到原始位置。三、傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。電機(jī)通過(guò)一組的 V 帶、減速器、齒輪、主動(dòng)輥輪和從動(dòng)輥輪，達(dá)到校直鋼筋的目的。四、輔助裝置的設(shè)計(jì)。主要是起到輔助作用的支架和主體鋼架。五、電氣控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。選用 AT89C51 型單片機(jī)控制鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的自動(dòng)化動(dòng)作。關(guān)鍵詞 鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)，輥輪調(diào)直，電氣控制，液壓剪切裝置。Abstract-II-AbstractThe steel automatic cutting machine can straighten steel, and cut it in a certain length. Mechanical structural include steel straightening and steel cutting. The feed mechanism of the Automatic steel cutting machine can transport the steel automatically at work, and straightened the steel. When the output of steel reaches a certain length and then cut off by the reinforcement agencies controlled by the hydraulic.The first. The design of the alignment system. Through periodic alternating stress applied high frequency, produce deformation more than its elastic limit. The alternately deformation reaches a certain level, The original bending is offset, To achieve the purpose of straightening.The second. The design of the cutting off institutions. When the steel to reach the required length, cutting mechanism of automatic cut, cut back to the original position after the cutting knife.The third. The design of the transmission system. A group of V with motor, reducer, gear, driving roller and the driven roller straightening reinforced to achieve through.The fourth. The design of the assistive devices. The assistive devices include stent and the main steel frame. The fifth. The design of the electrical control system. The AT89C51 type SCM is selection to control the automatic work of the steel automatic cutting machine.keywords Steel automatic cutting machine, Roller straightening, Electrical control, Hydraulic cutting device附錄-3-目 錄摘 要 .IABSTRACT.II第 1 章 緒論 11.1 鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的應(yīng)用、現(xiàn)狀及其前景 21.2 自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的分類及特點(diǎn) 41.3 鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 8第 2 章 鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)方案 122.1 傳動(dòng)方案比較 .122.2 設(shè)計(jì)方案確定 .122.3 總體結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖 .132.4 本章小結(jié) 14第 3 章 自動(dòng)下料機(jī)的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 153.1 傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) 153.1.1 電機(jī)的選擇 .153.1.2 帶傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) .173.1.3 雙級(jí)減速器設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 203.1.4 齒輪傳動(dòng)部分的設(shè)計(jì) 483.1.5 傳輸軸的校核 553.1.6 傳輸用軸承的選用與校核 603.1.7 鍵的選取與校核 603.2 進(jìn)給輥輪的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 613.3 控制長(zhǎng)度用直線導(dǎo)軌的選擇及計(jì)算 623.4 切削用液壓缸的選擇 633.5 本章小結(jié) 68第 4 章 自動(dòng)下料機(jī)輔助裝置設(shè)計(jì) 694.1 用于防止進(jìn)給時(shí)鋼筋下落用支架設(shè)計(jì) 694.2 自動(dòng)下料機(jī)整體機(jī)架的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 704.3 本章小結(jié) 70第 5 章 電氣控制部分設(shè)計(jì) 715.1 單片機(jī)控制示意圖設(shè)計(jì) 715.2 單片機(jī)控制程序設(shè)計(jì) 715.3 控制部分原理及電氣元件安裝位置 735.4 本章小結(jié) 73結(jié) 論 74Abstract-4-本課題研究的內(nèi)容總結(jié) 74參考文獻(xiàn) 75謝 辭 77附 錄 78111 學(xué) 號(hào)： HEBEI UNITED UNIVERSITY畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書(shū)GRADUATE DESIGN設(shè)計(jì)題目：鋼筋自動(dòng)下料機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)英文翻譯學(xué)生姓名：專業(yè)班級(jí)：學(xué) 院：指導(dǎo)教師：Chapter 1Introduction1Chapter 1 IntroductionWith the rapid development of China's economic construction, construction also has been rapid development. The reinforcement material as an important construction projects, the demand is growing dramatically, which effectively pulling the market demand for steel automatic cutting machines. And in recent years, high strength, good ductility and excellent performance, quick been widely used in the national construction of its new steel grade III. It also put forward higher requirements for buildings with steel automatic cutting machine [1]. For this reason, many companies have invested a lot of money, competing development, development for high-speed, large-diameter steel reinforcement required by the new class III under the automatic feeder.China's introduction in 1958, the Soviet Union's bedroom steel automatic cutting machine drawing, began to produce the country's first steel automatic cutting machine, the production of GQ40A type steel automatic cutting machine is its improved. 40A cutting machine is fully open architecture, all of the transmission gear all exposed. Thus, the dust-poor performance, easy to wear, cutting the number of 28 beats / min, and no clutch control, safe operation, quality, volumes are larger. More than 20 cutting machine manufacturer, from 1966 to 1985 has been the model for leading products. 1982 Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Institute machinery plant design GQ40BII type steel automatic cutting machine at the crankshaft gear mounted on a rigid turn key clutch pedal steering mechanism controlled by cutting, while retaining material and fitted with feeding device. The models for safe operation, accurate cutting length, reduce labor intensity. Currently under GB50B series steel feeder on the market with a fully enclosed, lubrication systems, Flying Wheels, Huff cabinet structure, and therefore, easy maintenance, safety and reliability, high efficiency, light weight, energy section. Other types of steel automatic cutting machine, such as the GT series automatic steel cutting machine is mainly used for straightening, cutting length of cold-rolled ribbed steel, hot-rolled and cold-rolled steel grade III round bars. This series of high degree of automation, equipment failure rate for continuous duty mode. Low energy consumption, without prejudice to the ribs, without even cutting, low noise, vibration light and equipped with safety devices, automatic stopping device count, there are efficient and reliable operation of the trial [2]. In addition, there are many on the market reinforced hydraulic automatic cutting machine, such as DYJ-32-Hebei United University School of Continuing Educationand YQJ-32 type automatic hydraulic steel cutting machines, cutting machines both have adopted a piston pump driven by the main cut to the structure, convenient operation, but processing difficulties, difficult to ensure accuracy, can not achieve rapid return, low efficiency. Compared with the international advanced products, the overall level of China's steel automatic cutting machine is still relatively backward. Main features: small-scale enterprises, low-tech products, low productivity, high level of automation level is not rough appearance quality [2]. Most of the products and the modulation speed is low, not high straightness reinforced, scratch the surface of the heavierThe face of an increasingly competitive Chinese construction machinery market, investments in technology, emphasis on new technology, new product research and development, improve product quality, so that the company's products continue to meet the needs of customers, to shorten the gap with foreign companies forward as soon as possible [1], is China's steel automatic cutting machine reached the international advanced level, is undoubtedly China's vast steel automatic cutting machine manufacturer only way to survival and development1.1 steel automatic cutting machine applications, status and prospectsApplication of (1) in the next feederSteel automatic cutting machine is a tool used by the shear reinforcement. Generally have automatic and semi-automatic steel cutting machine steel cutting machine of the points. It is one of the essential steel processing equipment, it is mainly used for building construction, bridges, tunnels, power plants, large-scale water conservancy projects for steel and Cutting. Compared with other steel cutting machine cutting equipment, light weight, low energy consumption, reliable operation, high efficiency, and therefore is widely used in recent years gradually machining and small rolling mills, etc., in all areas of the national economy played an important effect. Steel automatic cutting machine, there are two types of automatic cutting machine called the electric off, the motor is converted into kinetic energy by controlling the cutter cuts to achieve the effect of shear reinforcement. The semi-automatic is manual control incision, thereby shear reinforcement operation. At present, more is should belong hydraulic steel cutter cutting machine, hydraulic steel cutting machine and portable rechargeable divided into two categories.Chapter 1Introduction3Due to cost and efficiency factors, more small businesses to choose a manual hydraulic cutting machine cutting, length and efficiency to control by the workers, the efficiency is not high accuracy, and are often not able to meet production needs, so the design is automatically cutting machine, pressing rollers carried by the feed, and two pairs of rollers for straightening, when it reaches a predetermined length, by electrically controlling the hydraulic cylinders push the knife for cutting, and is to ensure that each simultaneously cutting a plurality of when the length of the same size, at the same time, but also to ensure high efficiency in medium and large enterprises has been widely used, which greatly improves the efficiency of cutting steel.Development Status (2) cutting machinesForeign cutter eccentric shaft eccentric distance is large, such as Japan, vertical cutting machine eccentricity 24mm, while the domestic is usually 17mm. Seemingly and material, some small gear structure, but give users the trouble, is not easy to manage. Because when you expect from the big cut cut small material, not the tool change is to change the blade pad, and sometimes need to convert angles.Rack cutter are foreign steel plate welded structure, parts machining accuracy, especially in the heat treatment process roughness excellent, the cutting machine to put too load, fatigue failure, worn over other aspects of domestic machines.Domestic cutter blade design is unreasonable, single bolt, blade thickness thin enough, 40-and 50-type blade thickness are 17mm; while abroad are double-bolted, 25 ~ 27mm thick, so the foreign forces and blade life, etc. comprehensive performance are excellent over the country.Domestic cutter cut fewer times per minute. China is generally 28 to 31 times higher abroad 15 to 20 times, 30 times higher than the highest high efficiency.Foreign models generally use a semi-open structure, gears, bearings with grease lubrication, crank shaft, connecting rod bearing, red knife, twist added by hand at oil lubrication. Domestic model structure fully open, fully closed, half open, half closed three kinds, have centralized lubrication oil lubrication and splash lubrication of two kinds.Domestic cutter appearance quality, overall performance unsatisfactory; shown in Figure 1-1; foreign manufacturers are generally scale production, willing to invest in technology and equipment, high level of automation, the formation of a comprehensive quality assurance process systems. In particular, the appearance Hebei United University School of Continuing Educationquality is better, cover one-time stamping, paint by spraying paint color with scientific and reasonable, there is not much the outside welds, burrs, sharp corners, the overall smooth appearance. Some domestic manufacturers although Figure 1-1 domestic rebar cutter cutting machine commonly used in the overall figureProduction history is long, but no one scale, coupled with aging equipment, processing physical fight, experience, production processes consistent system for decades, so the rough appearance of quality, perception is poor.(3) under development prospects steel automatic feederDomestic use from the current situation, hammer, reinforced mechanical structure of the automatic length cutting machine dominates. This is mainly because of high precision mechanical length of the length, suitable for the production of prestressed reinforced concrete, reinforced this structure under the automatic feeder reinforced its forward speed is generally 0.5 ~ 0.8m / s . The length of reinforced user less precision, reliability is a major requirement, the failure rate should be as low as possible, the output should be as high as possible [8]. For this reason, the use of hydraulic cutting machine mechanism is simple, reliable performance and shorten its cut time and improve productivity in the future development direction of steel straightening and cutting machines.But the automatic hydraulic cutting machine steel shear rate than slower. If hydraulic cutting machine 0.5S need to complete a cut, while the forward speed steel is 0.5m / s, the shearing process requires hydraulic shear reinforcement ahead with 0.25m, so you need to slide under the hydraulic steel feeder long as the forward speed is greater than the steel 0.5m / s, the guide rails and the forward speed increases with longer [9]. This shows that a key factor in the lower steel automatic cutting machine Chapter 1Introduction5Straightening speed lies in the cutting cycle is too long, which greatly limits the cutting machine efficiency.Domestic auto cutting machine shearing time generally in 80 ~ 120ms, which can only lead to straighten speed hovered between 50 ~ 70m/min. The rate of foreign Straightening Straightening Machine reason are generally able to reach 120m/min, the main reason is to be able to cut the time down to less than 20ms. So, when asked how to shorten the automatic feeder shear is an important task to improve steel automatic cutting machines. Steel automatic cutting machine cut to length required to achieve not only high-precision control, while required to have a relatively high production efficiency. So, how to use the following features of hydraulic steel automatic feeder, make steel electro-hydraulic automatic cutting machine to achieve a high degree of integration, give full play to their respective advantages, will be the main direction of future research.1.2 Classification and Features automatic cutting machineCurrently, the production and sale of steel on the market many types of automatic cutting machine, according to the characteristics of facilities and working bodies, can be classified according to the following six ways: by length mode, press blanking mode, press control, press a material way, by the way, and by cutting off straightening way. Here are several ways on this introduction Mechanical and electromechanical: length mode (1) Length way steel cutting machine generally exists in two ways.Mechanical length error is small, easy to control, but noisy, short life. Length of error requirement applies to the higher speed is not critical.Electromechanical length error is slightly larger, less noise, and long life. For the lower tolerance requirements for length, straightening speed requirements of the occasion.Cut to length signals emitted roughly three forms: Telecommunications No. mechanical signals, electrical limit switch (contact or contactless) issued photoelectric encoder issued.Generally, the accuracy depends on the length of time the signal issued from the error response to the cutter. High precision mechanical signals, the error in plus or minus 1mm, because it is directly associated with the cutter, short response time, the time error is small. Other forms of length error of plus or minus 5 ~ 30mm.Hebei United University School of Continuing Education(2) the way blanking blanking main methods of supporting pillar, turn plate, withdrawal plate and open type four.support pillar structure is simple, small job noise. Suitable for small diameter round bar and rebar straightening high degree occasions.turn plate structure is more complex, larger work noise. For large, medium diameter steel.withdrawal plate structure is more complex, larger work noise. For large, medium diameter steel.Simple open structure, a smaller working noise. For large, medium diameter steel bars, and high bar straightening of the occasion.(3) Control Control of ordinary electrical control and PLC control.Normal electrical control circuit complexity, higher requirements for maintenance personnel. Low control accuracy, ease of failure, the initial commissioning of trouble.PLC control circuit is simple, do not ask for maintenance personnel. High control precision, stable operation, the initial commissioning simple.(4) In a material way the way to separate the material and non-unwinding roll style.complex unwinding devices, actinomycetes speed steel twist is not particularly suitable for high speed operation.non-open-book-style single device, suitable for straightening speed is not too high in the workplace. When actinomycetes reinforced natural twist.(5) Straightening way reinforced mode automatically straighten the main feeder straightening mode, curve roll on and roll-to-roll straightening mode plus compound.Mode Bar Straightening Straightening effect, relatively easy to control. But straightening speed is low, the surface to be machined steel scratches, large work noise. This mode is suitable for a variety of plain bars.curve roller straightening faster, better steel straightening effect, and easy Chapter 1Introduction7to control. But scratch the surface to be machined steel heavy work noise as well. For a variety of light round steel and reinforced surface scratches less demanding situations.on roll straightening speed steel surface to be machined with a slight scratches, small working noise. Steel straightening effect in general, higher control requirements. For a variety of steel, especially for cold-rolled ribbed steel bars.straighten mode plus composite roller straightening effect is better, easier to control. Straightening roll faster than the curve below on roll. Processed steel surface scratches, working noise is relatively small. For a variety of reinforcement.(6)Different ways of cutting off the way, largely affects the performance of cutting machine, the following will cut a variety of ways described in detail, to analyze its working principle and characteristics. By cutting moves the cutter can be divided into: Rotary Cut, cut and down up and down the mobile shearing three [5], it works shown in Figure 1-2.Hebei United University School of Continuing EducationFigure 1-2 off three kinds of waysWhen working around the rotating frame of steel in the continuous rotation of the traction wheel and frame straightening roller straightening the joint action, from the knife through the middle, into the Order of the rack. After adjusting reinforced when the tip touches the straight length device signal generator, a signal generator, actuator cutting tool to cut off the steel tool returns to the starting position next time.Rotary cutting system consists Cheng rack, fixed-length switches, solenoids, jaw, active gear, cut gears, brakes and other components. When reinforced through two slits cut into the Order of the intermediate gear rack and fixed-length touch switch, driven by an electromagnet so fly jaw clutch shaft and drive gear shaft, pinion gear rotation drive gear rotates third week off while cutting steel. On three pairs of uniform cut gear teeth and take turns working to extend tool life.Cut down mobile rack system consists Cheng, fixed-length switches, solenoids, turn key clutch, crank and connecting rod, pan-style units under the knife, swinging the cutting blades, brakes and other components. When reinforced by entering the Order of the rack and pan-style touches length under the knife switch, turn key clutch solenoid drive shaft and the crank shaft so fly connection, connecting rod crank role in promoting pan-type knife table in the next four-bar linkage under forward. Cut one end of the swing blade fixed to the frame, the other end of the blade close to the edge of the pan-style units under the knife, when the pan cutter station along the arc trajectory, the relative movement of the two blade edge, cut steel, knife sets reset crank so wait for the next cut.Form down shearing systems are more driven by the form of the tool can be divided into: swing, hammer, hydraulic.Swing off mode: This device is similar institutions a guillotine shear, when reinforced by fixed fixed knife into the Order of the holes on the rack and rack touches length switch, clutch friction plate with cam shaft rotation, so that the cam swing arm with the cutter, a cutting operation to complete. Currently imported automatic cutting machine shearing mechanism mostly adopt this approach.Hammer off by: Most domestic ribbed steel plants and precast plant to use automatic cutting machines are used in such institutions. The device is driven by the motor rotates a crankshaft, a high-speed hammer kept moving up and down under the action of the crankshaft, the position of the hammer on the back of a sliding knife sets, knife cut off the platform with a steel cutter. When reinforced advance to a Chapter 1Introduction9predetermined length, length steel plate and slide the knife touched the tip attached units, cut to length plate knife sets driven forward. When the station moved the knife up and down movement of the high-speed hammer, the hammer blow of the knife blade platform, the cutter on the steel cutting knife, cut rebar falls within the Order of the rack, and slide the compression spring knife sets quickly pushed back to the original location, to avoid being the second hammer blow. Hammer cutting mechanism, has long been in existence even cut problem called chronic problem industries. With the development and application of “zero even cutting device stamping and cutting equipment hammer“ patent technology, not only solve the problem even cut off body hammer and straighten good, the length of error is small. Hydraulic cutting method: by cutting into the steel edge Cheng rack touches length signal, which can control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod end is provided with a cutter to cut steel rod downward. This way depending on the cut, length accuracy length bodies are different.Despite hydraulic steel cutting machine cutting machine is later than mechanical , but it has unparalleled technical superiority and high economic efficiency. Its technical superiority roughly in the following areas :( 1 ) has a higher performance because the higher hydraulic pressure can be used , and thus automatic cutting function reinforced high impact force to cut .( 2 ) has a lower operating noise out of the gears and other mechanical drive , straight drive directly implemented by the cylinder, thus a simple structure , low noise .( 3 ) has a better ability to adapt the work can be achieved in a 6mm diameter steel processing between ~ 16mm of . At the same time , but also a multi-purpose machine , using different working head can be a variety of work , such as bending , perforation.( 4 ) having a higher reliability for all the clutch means is omitted , since the clutch device does not produce reliable and even cut , easy to automate production . Meanwhile, the control system is introduced , cut to length can be achieved , and to ensure the cut surface quality steel .( 5 ) easy to carry when the output power or output torque is the same, the weight of the hydraulic working head is much smaller than electric or pneumatic tools. In