畢業(yè)生論文 1 摘 要摘要內(nèi)容：機(jī)械制造工藝學(xué)課程設(shè)計(jì)是我們學(xué)完了大學(xué)的全部基礎(chǔ)課、技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)課以及大部分專業(yè)課之后進(jìn)行的.這是我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)之前對(duì)所學(xué)各課程的一次深入的綜合性的總復(fù)習(xí),也是一次理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際的訓(xùn)練。因此,它在我們四年的大學(xué)生活中占有重要的地位。這次設(shè)計(jì)的是端蓋，首先我們要熟悉零件,題目所給的零件是端蓋。首先要了解端蓋的作用，然后接下來(lái)根據(jù)零件的性質(zhì)和零件圖上各端面的粗糙度確定毛坯的尺寸和機(jī)械加工余量。最后我們?cè)俑鶕?jù)定位基準(zhǔn)先確定精基準(zhǔn)，后確定粗基準(zhǔn)，最后擬定端蓋的加工路線圖，制定該工件的夾緊方案。在設(shè)計(jì)專用夾具方面時(shí)，首先我們必須要明白夾具在零件加工中起到非常重要的作用。機(jī)床夾具的作用可歸納為以下幾個(gè)方面：1 機(jī)床夾具可準(zhǔn)確確定工件、刀具和機(jī)床之間的相對(duì)位置，可以保證加工精度。2 機(jī)床夾具可快速地將工件定位和夾緊，減少輔助時(shí)間，提高了生產(chǎn)效率。3 采用機(jī)械、氣動(dòng)、液壓等夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)，可以減輕工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。4 利用機(jī)床夾具，可以使機(jī)床的加工工藝范圍擴(kuò)大，例如在臥式車(chē)床刀架處安裝鏜孔夾具，可對(duì)箱體孔進(jìn)行鏜孔加工。[關(guān)鍵詞] 液壓缸；端蓋；工藝設(shè)計(jì)；夾具畢業(yè)生論文 2 AbstractMechanical manufacturing technology curriculum design is finished we learn all the basic course of the University, technology and the most basic course after course of. This is our prior to graduation design to learn the course of an in-depth and comprehensive review of the total, is also a theory with practical training.therefore, it occupies the important position in our four years of University life. First of all we must familiar with the parts, the parts subject to the end cover. Understand the role of the cover, then according to the nature of parts and components in the face of the map on the roughness determine the size and mechanical The machining allowance. According to another location and then we set the benchmark fine first base, established after the benchmark crude, finalizing the cover of the road map, the enactment of the workpiece clamping programme.In terms of special fixture design,first of all we have to understand that zhe fixture has played a very important role in parts processing. The function of machine tool fixture can be summarized as the following respects:1 Machine tool fixture can accurately determine the workpiece and the relative position between the fixture and machine tools, can ensure the machining accuracy of machine tool fixture.2 The workpiece positioning and stepping up quickly and reduce the auxiliary time, improve the production efficiency.3 Use to institutions,such as mechanical, pneumatic ,hydraulic,can reduce the labor intensity of workers.4 Use of machine tool fixture ,can make the processing scope of machine tools such as horizontal lathe tool post installs jig boring ,boring on casing hole for processing. 【Key words】 Hydraulic cylinder;The end cover;Process design目 錄畢業(yè)生論文 3 一、緒論………………………………………………………………………………………11.1 本課題設(shè)計(jì)的目的和意義…………………………………………………………1 1.2 機(jī)械加工工藝與夾具設(shè)計(jì)的必要性………………………………………………1 1.3 工藝與夾具設(shè)計(jì)的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)………………………………………………21.3.1 夾具的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)…………………………………………………………21.3.2 工藝的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)…………………………………………………………21.4 質(zhì)量、生產(chǎn)率和經(jīng)濟(jì)性關(guān)系分析…………………………………………………3 二、零件分析…………………………………………………………………………………52.1 端蓋的零件圖………………………………………………………………………52.2 端蓋零件的作用……………………………………………………………………52.3 端蓋零件的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)………………………………………………………………62.4 端蓋零件的技術(shù)要求分析…………………………………………………………6三、確定毛胚及繪制毛坯簡(jiǎn)圖………………………………………………………………83.1 確定毛坯的種類……………………………………………………………………83.2 毛坯的形狀與尺寸的確定…………………………………………………………83.2.1 估算鍛件質(zhì)量 ………………………………………………………………8tM3.2.2 確定鍛件的復(fù)雜系數(shù) …………………………………………………………8S3.2.3 確定鍛件的材質(zhì)系數(shù) ………………………………………………………93.2.4 確定分?！?3.2.5 查表確定鍛件的加工余量………………………………………………………93.2.6 確定毛坯尺寸……………………………………………………………………93.3 確定毛坯公差………………………………………………………………………93.4 確定毛坯的技術(shù)要求 ……………………………………………………………103.4.1 起模角 …………………………………………………………………………103.4.2 圓角半徑 ………………………………………………………………………103.4.3 熱處理 …………………………………………………………………………11四、工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………………………12畢業(yè)生論文 4 4.1 工藝路線的擬訂……………………………………………………………………12 4.2 工序的劃分…………………………………………………………………………124.3 基準(zhǔn)面的選擇………………………………………………………………………124.3.1 粗基準(zhǔn)選擇………………………………………………………………………124.3.2 精基準(zhǔn)選擇………………………………………………………………………134.4 機(jī)械加工順序的安排………………………………………………………………144.4.1 機(jī)械加工順序……………………………………………………………………144.4.2 劃分加工階段……………………………………………………………………154.4.3 確定加工順序……………………………………………………………………154.4.4 熱處理工序安排…………………………………………………………………164.4.5 輔助工序安排……………………………………………………………………164.4.6 加工工藝過(guò)程……………………………………………………………………164.5 工序加工余量的確定………………………………………………………………174.5.1 外圓表面加工……………………………………………………………………174.5.2 內(nèi)孔加工…………………………………………………………………………174.5.3 端面加工余量……………………………………………………………………184.6 工序尺寸及公差的確定……………………………………………………………184.6.1 徑向尺寸確定……………………………………………………………………184.6.2 軸向尺寸計(jì)算……………………………………………………………………204.7 切削用量選擇………………………………………………………………………214.7.1 選擇原則…………………………………………………………………………214.7.2 選擇方法: 查表修正法…………………………………………………………214.7.3 切削力計(jì)算和切削功率校核……………………………………………………234.7.4 時(shí)間定額的確定…………………………………………………………………234.7.5 工藝方案經(jīng)濟(jì)分析………………………………………………………………25五、專用夾具的設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………………………265.1 夾具的設(shè)計(jì)的目的與要求…………………………………………………………265.2 確定定位方案………………………………………………………………………26畢業(yè)生論文 5 5.2.1 選擇定位元件……………………………………………………………………265.2.2 分析定位誤差……………………………………………………………………275.3 確定導(dǎo)向裝置………………………………………………………………………285.3.1 鉆套內(nèi)徑及型號(hào)確定……………………………………………………………285.3.2 與鉆套相配零件的確定…………………………………………………………295.4 確定夾具機(jī)構(gòu)………………………………………………………………………295.4.1 確定夾緊方案……………………………………………………………………305.4.2 確定夾緊裝置……………………………………………………………………305.4.3 計(jì)算夾緊力………………………………………………………………………305.4.4 確定夾具體在機(jī)床上的安裝方式及結(jié)構(gòu)………………………………………315.4.5 鉆模板和定位元件與夾具體的連接……………………………………………31六、總結(jié)………………………………………………………………………………………32參考文獻(xiàn) ……………………………………………………………………………………33致 謝 ……………………………………………………………………………………34 附 錄 ……………………………………………………………………………………35