2019版高考英語一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練 Unit 4 Body language（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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Body language ***閱讀理解。 Don’t have plenty of time for reading？If you are interested in nonfiction books，here are good choices for you. A Room of One’s Own This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on her several lectures given to two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In it，Woolf describes that it’s circumstance not talent alone that allows men to be more successful at writing.Women，in other words，spend so much time cooking，cleaning，and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well，therefore，a woman must have “a room of her own”. While on its surface，this essay appears to be only about writing，it is actually about wealth and class，freedom and imprisonment，and the power struggle between sexes. The Art of War Written by ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Zi，The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategy(軍事戰(zhàn)略) in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters，each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war，the book has been translated into many languages and has thousands of editions. For centuries，it has been used to train military leaders for its detailed study of military strategy and effective leadership. Letter to My Daughter This book of essays and poems by Maya Angelou，a respectable American poet，is written for “the daughter she never had”—the millions of women，both young and old，who she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring，older relative，this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences，including the birth of her only child，a son，as well as the development and loss of friendship. A Brief History of Time If you’re short on time，then why not read about，well，the creation of time？This book，first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking，explores mindbending questions about the creation of the universe，including if and when it will end，and if so，how. Despite its heavy subject matter，Hawking addresses these questions in a way that’s easy to understand，even for those who know little about physics. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了四本紀(jì)實(shí)類文學(xué)作品。 1．What can we learn about the four books? A．A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time. B．Letter to My Daughter is actually a mon family letter. C．The Art of War gives advice on how to be military leaders. D．A Room of One’s Own is more than about writing. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“While on its...between sexes.”可知，雖然表面上這篇文章只跟寫作有關(guān)，但是實(shí)際上它是有關(guān)財(cái)富和社會(huì)等級(jí)，自由和監(jiān)禁以及兩性之間的權(quán)力之爭(zhēng)的，所以D項(xiàng)正確。more than意思是“不僅僅”。 2．What can be inferred from the passage? A．As a physicist，Hawking is equally famous for writing. B．Maya devotes herself to fighting for women’s rights. C．The book by Sun Zi is helpful in policymaking. D．Woolf looks down upon men in writing. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The Art of War...to fight a war”可知，The Art of War對(duì)政策的制定有幫助。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。 3．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To make parisons between the four books. B．To remend the four books to readers. C．To make ments on the four books. D．To promote sales of the four books. B　解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段可知，寫作本文的目的是向讀者介紹文中提到的四本作品。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。 ***語法填空。 After spending nearly every waking minute with Angel for eight straight days, I knew that I had to tell her just one thing. So late at night, just before she fell asleep, I whispered __1__ in her ear. She smiled—the kind of smile __2__ made me smile back—and she said, “When Im seventyfive and I think about my life and __3__ it was like to be young,I hope that I can remember this very moment.” A few seconds later she closed her eyes and fell asleep. The room was __4__ (peace)—almost silent.All I could hear was the soft voice of her breathing. I stayed awake __5__ (think) about the time we __6__ (spend) together and all the choices in our lives that made this moment possible. And at some point, I realized that it didnt matter what wed done or where wed gone. Nor __7__ the future hold any significance. What mattered was the calmness of the moment. The moral：We must not allow the clock, the calendar, and external pressure __8__ (rule) our lives and blind us to the fact __9__ each individual moment of our lives is a beautiful mystery and a miracle—__10__ (especial)those moments we spend in the presence of a loved one. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過描述一個(gè)讓人暖心的夜晚，告訴讀者一個(gè)生活和人生哲理：眼下寧靜溫馨的時(shí)光尤為珍貴，不應(yīng)被世俗破壞。 1．it　考查代詞。根據(jù)前句中的“I knew that I had to tell her just one thing”可知，空處應(yīng)填it指代one thing。 2．that/which　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句中缺少主語，且關(guān)系詞指代先行詞the kind of smile，故填that/which。 3．what　考查賓語從句的連接詞。根據(jù)and前的“I think about my life”可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中l(wèi)ike缺少賓語，且連接詞在句中表示“什么樣子”，此處應(yīng)填what。 4．peaceful　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：房間里很寧靜。此處應(yīng)用形容詞peaceful作was的表語。 5．thinking　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。 6．had spent　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，spend所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在stayed awake之前，應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)，故填had spent。 7．did　考查部分倒裝。否定副詞nor位于句首時(shí)，句子常用部分倒裝，由hold與前一句中的realized可知，應(yīng)填did。 8．to rule　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。allow sb./sth. to do sth. 為固定用法。 9．that　考查同位語從句的連接詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并由the fact可知，此處應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明the fact的具體內(nèi)容。 10．especially　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示“尤其是與心愛的人一起度過的美好時(shí)光”，結(jié)合句意可知，空處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語，故填especially。 ***完形填空。 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 When I was young，I thought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I __1__ that I could just give what I thought others __2__ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快樂小鎮(zhèn)). This thought process was __3__ changed when I suffered from clinical depression. __4__ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was just the __5__ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections __6__ people. My struggle with mental health was something that __7__ into a campaign to let every single person know that they __8__ and couldnt be replaced.At high school，it could be __9__ to convey this idea，but I __10__ pursued my passions (激情). The __11__ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help __12__：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and __13__ them to those who seemed to need a pickmeup.I tried to __14__ as many names as I possibly could.I had started a club which gave students a __15__ place to express themselves and learn __16__ to apply empathy(同感，共鳴) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly __17__ to inspire both myself and my friends. When I go off the college this year，Ill be working towards a degree in college.This will help me start a nonprofit foundation in the future.My __18__ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of __19__ problems，but something that can be changed by even the __20__ actions. 1．A.wondered B．figured C．doubted D．predicted 2．A.wanted B．ignored C．lost D．ordered 3．A.unfortunately B．totally C．regularly D．a(chǎn)ccurately 4．A.It B．They C．He D．This 5．A.ability B．desire C．belief D．reason 6．A.for B．with C．from D．a(chǎn)bout 7．A.fell B．divided C．broke D．turned 8．A.mattered B．existed C．survived D．succeeded 9．A.difficult B．funny C．different D．perfect 10．A.casually B．briefly C．firmly D．surely 11．A.difficulty B．purpose C．fruits D．method 12．A.strangers B．teenagers C．friends D．families 13．A.led B．lent C．passed D．limited 14．A.write B．memorize C．prepare D．recall 15．A.quiet B．important C．large D．safe 16．A.how B．what C．where D．when 17．A.discussions B．suggestions C．experience D．theories 18．A.final B．primary C．simple D．grand 19．A.plex B．unsolvable C．unknown D．terrible 20．A.latest B．laziest C．slowest D．smallest 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者與抑郁癥作斗爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)歷使他轉(zhuǎn)變了思想，并用實(shí)際行動(dòng)來幫助青少年和朋友們。他告訴大家，每個(gè)人都同樣重要并且不可替代。因此我們必須做出行動(dòng)，因?yàn)榧词故亲钚〉男袆?dòng)都可以產(chǎn)生影響。 1．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：我以為只要我能給予別人我認(rèn)為他們想要的東西，我就能得到一張去快樂小鎮(zhèn)的單程票。A項(xiàng)意為“想知道”；B項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)為，以為”；C項(xiàng)意為“懷疑”；D項(xiàng)意為“預(yù)測(cè)”。短文第一句說明了作者小時(shí)候的想法，即作者認(rèn)為善良是一件有益的事情，然后接著詳細(xì)地解釋他的想法。B項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B。 2．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“想要”；B項(xiàng)意為“忽視”；C項(xiàng)意為“丟失”；D項(xiàng)意為“命令，訂購”。此處指作者認(rèn)為給予別人他認(rèn)為別人需要的東西，他就會(huì)快樂。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。 3．B　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“不幸地”；B項(xiàng)意為“完全地”；C項(xiàng)意為“定期地”；D項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)確地”。由下文可知，因?yàn)樽髡叩呐R床抑郁癥，作者以前給予別人想要的東西的想法變成了努力用他的想法去影響別人，改變別人，所以此處表達(dá)的是“這個(gè)思維過程完全變了”。B項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B。 4．A　考查代詞辨析。此處為句型“It bees/became＋adj.＋that從句”，代詞it為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語。故選A。 5．A　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“能力”；B項(xiàng)意為“渴望”；C項(xiàng)意為“信念”；D項(xiàng)意為“理由”。ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根據(jù)語境可知，作者所需要的和每個(gè)人所需要的一樣，就是愛自己的能力。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。 6．B　考查介詞辨析。句意為：除了這一點(diǎn)，我必須學(xué)會(huì)如何與人們建立更深、更有意義的聯(lián)系。make connection with...是固定短語，表示“與……建立聯(lián)系”。故選B。 7．D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。各選項(xiàng)所給動(dòng)詞均可與介詞into構(gòu)成固定搭配：fall into意為“跌入”；divide into意為“分成”；break into意為“闖入”；turn into意為“變成”。由上文可知，作者的思維過程改變了，產(chǎn)生了新的想法，因此作者表達(dá)的是他在心理健康方面的掙扎變成了一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。turn into符合語境。故選D。 8．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“重要，有關(guān)系”；B項(xiàng)意為“存在”；C項(xiàng)意為“幸存”；D項(xiàng)意為“成功”。根據(jù)空格后面的“and couldn’t be replaced”可推知，此處表達(dá)的是“讓每個(gè)人都知道他們很重要，無法被替代”。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。 9．A　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“困難的”；B項(xiàng)意為“滑稽的”；C項(xiàng)意為“不同的”；D項(xiàng)意為“完美的”。由轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but和第二個(gè)分句的內(nèi)容可知，此處指的是“在高中，很難傳遞這個(gè)想法”。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。 10．C　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“隨意地”；B項(xiàng)意為“簡(jiǎn)短地”；C項(xiàng)意為“堅(jiān)定地”；D項(xiàng)意為“確信地”。根據(jù)but表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處應(yīng)表達(dá)“但是我堅(jiān)定地追隨我的激情”。C項(xiàng)符合語境。故選C。 11．C　考查名詞辨析。上文提到雖然在學(xué)校作者很難傳遞自己的思想，但是他不放棄，由此可知，作者努力的結(jié)果就是他創(chuàng)造了幫助……的習(xí)慣和傳統(tǒng)。此處fruits表示“結(jié)果，成果”，符合語境。故選C。 12．B　考查名詞辨析。 ...Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and ________ them to those who seemed to need a pickmeup.(第二段第三句) 譯文：……每個(gè)星期五，我?guī)е鳂I(yè)的獎(jiǎng)品來到學(xué)校，把它們發(fā)給那些似乎需要提神的孩子們。 由關(guān)鍵句可以推斷，作者幫助的是那些青少年們。teenager意為“青年，青少年”，符合語境。故選B。 13．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pass sth.to sb.是固定短語，意為“把……傳遞/分發(fā)蛤某人”，此處表達(dá)的是作者把帶來的作業(yè)獎(jiǎng)品發(fā)給那些需要提神的孩子們。故選C。 14．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“寫”；B項(xiàng)意為“記住”；C項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備”；D項(xiàng)意為“回憶”。由語境可知，作者想幫助青少年，所以他盡可能多地記住他們的名字。故選B。 15．D　考查形容詞辨析。作者建立了一個(gè)俱樂部，學(xué)生們?cè)谶@里可以表達(dá)自己的想法，由此可知這是一個(gè)安全的地方，學(xué)生們能夠暢所欲言。safe意為“安全的”，符合語境。故選D。 16．A　考查連接詞辨析。此處為“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。由語境可知，作者想讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)如何把表達(dá)的情感運(yùn)用到日常生活中。how意為“怎樣，如何”，符合語境。故選A。 17．B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“討論”；B項(xiàng)意為“建議”；C項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“理論”。在作者的個(gè)人社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)賬號(hào)上，作者每周發(fā)出的用于激勵(lì)自己和朋友的帖子應(yīng)是建議之類的內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)符合語境，其余各項(xiàng)均與語境不符。故選B。 18．A　考查形容詞辨析。This will help me start a nodprofit foundation in the future.(最后一段第二句) 譯文：這將幫助我在將來建立一個(gè)非盈利基金會(huì)。 由關(guān)鍵句可知，作者一直堅(jiān)持自己的信仰和做法，那么接著說的就是他的最終目標(biāo)。final意為“最后的，最終的”，符合語境。故選A。 19．B　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“復(fù)雜的”；B項(xiàng)意為“難以解決的”；C項(xiàng)意為“未知的”；D項(xiàng)意為“糟糕的”。由語境可知，作者的最終目標(biāo)是要證明這個(gè)世界不是無法解決的問題的集合體。unsolvable與下文的“can be changed”相銜接且符合語境。故選B。 20．D　考查形容詞最高級(jí)辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“最新的”；B項(xiàng)意為“最懶的”；C項(xiàng)意為“最慢的”；D項(xiàng)意為“最小的”。由本句中的“even”可知，此處指的是甚至是最小的行動(dòng)都會(huì)改變一些事情。D項(xiàng)符合語境。故選D。 ***短文改錯(cuò)。 As a student, I can tell you that there is something better than praised by my teacher before my classmates. The other day, I was praised by my head teacher at the class meeting because I have recited all the words of Unit 3. He said before the whole class that only if we put our hearts into our lessons could we make great progress. He also said I set the good example to all of my classmates and that I memorized all the words of Unit 3 as though I was not good at English. He also added that everyone should learn from me. Hearing that the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly. At the same time, I made up my mind to study hard rather than wasting precious time on those useless things, such as playing video games and chatting online. On my own experience, I learn that several words of praise can make a great difference to someone. 答案： As a student, I can tell you that there is better than praised by my teacher before my classmates. The other day, I was praised by my head teacher at the class meeting because I recited all the words of Unit 3. He said before the whole class that only if we put our into our lessons could we make great progress. He also said I set good example to all of my classmates and that I memorized all the words of Unit 3 though I was not good at English. He also added that everyone should learn from me. Hearing the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly. At the same time, I made up my mind to study rather than precious time on those useless things, such as playing video games and chatting online. my own experience, I learn that several words of praise can make a great difference to someone. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第一處：something→nothing　考查否定詞與比較級(jí)的連用。否定詞與比較級(jí)連用表達(dá)最高級(jí)的含義。用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的否定詞有no, not, never, nothing等。此處用There is nothing better than ... 表示“沒有什么比……更好/最好的莫過于”。 第二處：than后加being　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。than前后所跟成分為并列關(guān)系，其后的動(dòng)作表示“被表揚(yáng)”，且是一般性客觀事實(shí)，故用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式。 第七處：that→what　考查名詞性從句的連接詞。引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作said的賓語，表示“所……的事物”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。 ***