2019版高考英語(yǔ)一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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Unit 3 Inventors and inventions ***閱讀理解。 Almost no one can resist a good mystery novel or detective novel, so these novels sell thousands of copies each year. And many readers regard famous mystery author Agatha Christie as Queen of Crime, whose stories are known for their tense atmosphere and strong psychological suspense and have a great effect on the English mystery novels. Christie was born in September 1890 in England. When she was growing up, her mother often told her stories. Christie loved these stories, which took her into a world of fantasy. Christie’s mother also encouraged her to write from a young age and also took her to travel a lot. She married Archie Christie in 1914 at the beginning of World War Ⅰ. During the war, Christie wrote her first detective story: The Mysterious Affair at Styles. She chose the crime, and then invented a detective named Hercule Poirot, ranking second to Sherlock Holmes, to solve it. She sent the book to a publisher, but it was rejected. After the war ended, Christie sent her book to more publishers, and finally, in 1920, one published it. She earned just $25 for it. Over the next few years, Christie wrote more books and short stories, gaining experience as a writer. In spite of her literary success, life was not going well at home. In 1928, Archie and Agatha got a divorce(離婚). A short time later, she met a young archaeologist, Max Mallowan. After getting married in 1930, they began to spend some time each year in the Middle East, which provided settings for some of Christie’s novels, such as Murder at the Vicarage(1930), Murder on the Orient Express (1934)and Death on the Nile(1939). Christie continued writing for the rest of her life. When she died in January 1976, readers around the world mourned(哀悼)her death. But her tales of mystery continue to be loved by new generations of readers. They’ve been translated into hundreds of languages and are selling well today andoutsold only by the Bible and Shakespeare in Britain. 1.As a whole, this text　　　　. A.is a biography of Agatha Christie B. promotes Agatha Christie’s novels C. explains how Agatha Christie became a writer D.is a review of Agatha Christie’s novels 2.What do we know about Hercule Poirot? A. He was better known than Sherlock Holmes. B. He made Christie bee famous. C. He was good at catching criminals. D. He was the only main character in the novel. 3.From the underlined part "outsold only by the Bible and Shakespeare in Britain", we can learn that　　　　. A. the Bible helps her works to sell in Britain B. the sales of her works rank third in Britain C. the works of Shakespeare don’t sell better than hers in Britain D. they sell well equally in Britain 4.Which is the right order for what Agatha Christie experienced? ①She had her first detective novel published. ②She finished The Mysterious Affair at Styles. ③Her mother encouraged her to write. ④Her marriage to Archie ended in divorce. ⑤She wrote Murder on the Orient Express. A.③②④①⑤ B.③①②⑤④ C.②①③⑤④ D.③②①④⑤ 【文章大意】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要介紹了英國(guó)著名女偵探小說家阿加莎克里斯蒂的生平和她在寫作上取得的成就。 1.A 【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了英國(guó)著名女偵探小說家阿加莎克里斯蒂的生平和她在寫作上取得的成就，因此本文是一篇人物傳記。故A項(xiàng)正確。 2.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"She chose the crime, and then invented a detective named Hercule Poirot, ranking second to Sherlock Holmes, to solve it."可知，C項(xiàng)正確。 4.D 【解析】排列順序題。綜合全文信息可知，"她母親鼓勵(lì)她寫作"最先發(fā)生，由此可排除選項(xiàng)C；由第三、四段可知，②先于①發(fā)生，①先于④發(fā)生，由此可排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。故D項(xiàng)正確。 ***語(yǔ)法填空。 They survive in some of the coldest environments in the world—but even penguins appreciate a warm woolly jumper (套頭毛衣) once in a while. The mini knitted garments have helped save hundreds of flightless birds caught __1__oil leaks, providing protection from the elements and stopping them from swallowing __2__(poison) pollution. Knits for Nature, a program run by the Penguin Foundation, __3__ conserves the little penguin population of Phillip Island, 140 km southeast of Melbourne, __4__(create) up to 300 different designs over the years—and it is all thanks to talented volunteers. “Theres a lot of __5__ (hide) creativity out there，” said Lyn Blom, of Phillip Island Nature Park. “People love to know that theyre helping the penguins __6__ theyre so cute and small and they waddle up the beach and theyre so strong. But they need to be, for they live in __7__pretty tough sort of environment.” A thumbnail－sized patch of oil can kill little penguins, the __8__ (small) of the species, measuring just 13 inches (33 cm) and weighing 2.2 lbs (1kg). The oil separates and mats their feathers, breaking natural waterproof and heating functions. Ms Blom estimates __9__she has knitted between 200 and 300 penguin jumpers over the years, including __10__in the colours of every Australian football team in the country. 1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________ 　6.________7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Ms Blom編織的迷你毛衣成功拯救了數(shù)百只企鵝，能防止它們接觸到石油中的微量元素，甚至誤食有毒的污染物。 1．in 考查介詞。這里是“be caught in”的固定搭配，意思為“被困于……中”。文中是過去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾flightless birds。 2．poisonous 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。poisonous作為形容詞修飾其后面的名詞。 3．which 考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代先行詞the Penguin Foundation，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which。 4．has created 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“over the years”可知這里用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)名為Knits for Nature的項(xiàng)目，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。 5．hidden 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。creativity是名詞，其前要用形容詞修飾，動(dòng)詞hide與creativity之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。此處為過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的形容詞作定語(yǔ)。 6．because 考查連詞。“theyre so cute and small and they waddle up the beach and theyre so strong”是“People love to know that theyre helping the penguins”的原因，故用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 7．a(chǎn) 考查冠詞。此處表示泛指，且pretty的讀音是以輔音音素開頭的，故用a。a pretty tough sort of environment表示的是“一種相當(dāng)惡劣的環(huán)境”。 8．smallest 考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和空前的the可知這里應(yīng)該用最高級(jí)。 9．that 考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。分析句子成分可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作estimates的賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句中句意和成分完整，故用that。 10．those　考查代詞。those指代前面所說的penguin jumpers。 ***完形填空。 Make Good Memories My husband Bills Grandma was in a nursing home when we moved back to Michigan.Grandma had been unable to walk for quite some time；now her eyesight was almost gone. Over the years Grandma and I had __1__ many cards and letters.I knew how she enjoyed __2__ in touch with people.Grandma would have me write letters to go in the cards she would send.And she would always have me __3__ what I had written back to her.Grandma didnt have a problem with hearing then __4__ she was always telling me，“That is not __5__ how I said that！” I would then rewrite whatever I wrote in her exact words. Since I had some __6__ time before Christmas，I asked Grandma if she would like to send __7__ some Christmas cards.Grandma readily __8__.I rounded up several different kinds of cards.I knew she had friends and family who all had different __9__.I would take each card and __10__ in detail the front of the card，then I would read the words inside.After __11__ it over Grandma would tell me who she thought would like __12__ card. After a while I __13__ and I noticed that we had several nursing home __14__ standing in the doorway.I started to notice as I read each card，the __15__ on their faces and Grandmas face，too.Each one had a __16__ smile and a faraway look in their eyes，as they were seeing the scenes in their minds eye. I thought when I went over to do the Christmas __17__ I would be doing Grandma a favor，but it __18__ that she did me a big favor.Ill always __19__ this special memory of bringing some Christmas joy and pleasant __20__ to Grandma and her fellow residents. 1．A.exchanged B．changed C．traded D．switched 2．A.settling B．losing C．staying D．getting 3．A.write B．discover C．translate D．read 4．A.when B．because C．while D．though 5．A.carefully B．truthfully C．specially D．exactly 6．A.extra B．flying C．essential D．valuable 7．A.for B．up C．out D．a(chǎn)way 8．A.acknowledged B．a(chǎn)greed C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．rejected 9．A.addresses B．a(chǎn)dvantages C．occupations D．interests 10．A.describe B．municate C．distinguish D．ignore 11．A.talking B．turning C．taking D．thinking 12．A.another B．each C．one D．other 13．A.looked down B．looked over C．looked up D．looked through 14．A.immigrants B．visitors C．patients D．residents 15．A.attention B．look C．glance D．sight 16．A.gentle B．rough C．forced D．whispered 17．A.trees B．jobs C．decorations D．cards 18．A.turned over B．turned out C．came over D．left out 19．A.treasure B．a(chǎn)dmire C．encourage D．recognize 20．A.stories B．faces C．memories D．letters 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。有一年，在圣誕節(jié)前夕，作者去幫助丈夫的奶奶做圣誕賀卡，但是在這一過程中作者卻得到了莫大的幫助。 1．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“交換”；B項(xiàng)意為“改變”；C項(xiàng)意為“交易”；D項(xiàng)意為“轉(zhuǎn)換”。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可判斷出，這些年來，作者和丈夫的奶奶兩人之間互相贈(zèng)送卡片和信件，即交換了很多卡片和信件。故選A。 2．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“解決”；B項(xiàng)意為“失去”；C項(xiàng)意為“保持”；D項(xiàng)意為“得到”。根據(jù)下文中丈夫的奶奶常給一些人贈(zèng)送卡片可判斷出，她喜歡和人們保持聯(lián)系。故選C。 3．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“寫”；B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“翻譯”； D項(xiàng)意為“讀”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“now her eyesight was almost gone”以及此空格后下一句的描述可判斷出，丈夫的奶奶讓作者讀一下她讓作者所寫的那些話。故選D。 4．B　考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Thats not...how I said that！”可知，丈夫的奶奶的聽力是沒有問題的。此處應(yīng)用because引導(dǎo)這個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。故選B。 5．D　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“細(xì)心地”；B項(xiàng)意為“誠(chéng)實(shí)地”；C項(xiàng)意為“專門地”；D項(xiàng)意為“精確地，準(zhǔn)確地”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指丈夫的奶奶常說作者所寫的跟她所說的并不完全一樣。故選D。 6．A　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“額外的”；B項(xiàng)意為“飛行的”；C項(xiàng)意為“必要的”；D項(xiàng)意為“值錢的，寶貴的”。由下文中的“I asked Grandma if she would like to send”可知，此處指在圣誕節(jié)前夕作者有些空閑時(shí)間。故選A。 7．C　考查介詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆可與空格前的“send”構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)：send for意為“派人去叫”；send up意為“發(fā)射，使上升”；send out意為“分發(fā)，發(fā)送”； send away意為“解雇”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指是否需要幫助丈夫的奶奶分發(fā)賀卡。故選C。 8．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“承認(rèn)”；B項(xiàng)意為“同意”；C項(xiàng)意為“承認(rèn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“拒絕”。根據(jù)下文“I rounded up several different kinds of cards.”可判斷出，丈夫的奶奶同意了作者的提議。故選B。 9．D　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“地址”；B項(xiàng)意為“優(yōu)勢(shì)”；C項(xiàng)意為“職業(yè)”；D項(xiàng)意為“興趣”。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可判斷出，丈夫的奶奶的那些朋友和親人有不同的興趣，所以給他們送賀卡時(shí)要根據(jù)他們的興趣來送。故選D。 10．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“描述”；B項(xiàng)意為“交流”；C項(xiàng)意為“區(qū)分”；D項(xiàng)意為“忽視”。語(yǔ)境表示，每拿起一張賀卡，作者就會(huì)向丈夫的奶奶詳細(xì)描述賀卡封面上的內(nèi)容。故選A。 11．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆可與后面的“over”構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)：talk over意為“詳細(xì)地商議”；turn over意為“使翻轉(zhuǎn)”；take over意為“接管”；think over意為“仔細(xì)考慮”。根據(jù)常識(shí)可判斷出，丈夫的奶奶應(yīng)該是經(jīng)過仔細(xì)考慮后告訴作者哪個(gè)人會(huì)喜歡哪一張賀卡。故選D。 12．B　考查限定詞辨析。根據(jù)本段第五句中的“each card”可判斷出，此處指哪個(gè)人會(huì)喜歡哪一張賀卡，此處應(yīng)用each。故選B。 13．C　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“向下看”；B項(xiàng)意為“檢查”；C項(xiàng)意為“抬頭看”；D項(xiàng)意為“瀏覽”。根據(jù)下文中的“I noticed that”可判斷出，作者應(yīng)該是抬頭看到了門口的幾個(gè)人。故選C。 14．D　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“移民”；B項(xiàng)意為“參觀者”；C項(xiàng)意為“病人”；D項(xiàng)意為“居民”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指作者看到了幾位住在養(yǎng)老院的人站在門口。故選D。 15．B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“注意力”；B項(xiàng)意為“表情，神情”；C項(xiàng)意為“一瞥”；D項(xiàng)意為“視力”。根據(jù)下一句中的“smile”和“a faraway look”可判斷出，作者應(yīng)該是看了看那些人臉上的神情。故選B。 16．A　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“溫和的”；B項(xiàng)意為“粗糙的”；C項(xiàng)意為“被迫的”；D項(xiàng)意為“低語(yǔ)的”。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可判斷出，每個(gè)人臉上都有很溫和的笑容。故選A。 17．D　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“樹”；B項(xiàng)意為“工作”；C項(xiàng)意為“裝飾”；D項(xiàng)意為“卡片”。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“some Christmas cards”可判斷出，作者本想去幫助丈夫的奶奶做圣誕賀卡。故選D。 18．B　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“使翻轉(zhuǎn)”；B項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)果是”；C項(xiàng)意為“突然感到”；D項(xiàng)意為“不包括”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指結(jié)果卻是丈夫的奶奶幫助了作者。故選B。 19．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“珍視”；B項(xiàng)意為“欽佩”；C項(xiàng)意為“鼓勵(lì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)出”。語(yǔ)境表示，作者會(huì)一直珍視這種能給圣誕節(jié)帶來快樂的特別回憶。故選A。 20．C　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“故事”；B項(xiàng)意為“臉”；C項(xiàng)意為“記憶”，D項(xiàng)意為“信”。根據(jù)上文中的“this special memory”及文章標(biāo)題可知，此處指對(duì)丈夫的奶奶以及她那些朋友的美好回憶。故選C。 ***短文改錯(cuò)。 School English Drama Club was selecting actors and actresses for the drama The Million Pound Bank Note. It is famous short story writing by the American author Mark Twain. The selection, that is in the charge of Mr Smith, will be made at the school hall in May 20th, 2018. Any student at our school who meets with the following criteria will be offered a chance to bee an actor or actress. Firstly, he or she should love creative and interested performances. Secondly, he or she should be able to speak fluent English. More important, he or she should have read the short story and is familiar with the whole story. Thank you for your attentions. 答案： School English Drama Club selecting actors and actresses for the drama The Million Pound Bank Note. It is famous short story by the American author Mark Twain. The selection, is in the charge of Mr Smith, will be made at the school hall May 20th, 2018. Any student at our school who meets the following criteria will be offered a chance to bee an actor or actress. Firstly, he or she should love creative and performances. Secondly, he or she should be able to speak fluent English. More ， he or she should have read the short story and familiar with the whole story. Thank you for your . 難項(xiàng)分析： 第三處：writing→written考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。write與story之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故此處需用過去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，表示“由Mark Twain所著/所寫”。 第四處：that→which考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞The selection。注意：that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 第九處：is→be考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分均位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should后，需用動(dòng)詞原形，故此處改為be。 ***