2019-2020年高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型攻略 專題1 閱讀理解 位高“分”重 第5節(jié) 畫龍點(diǎn)睛 勾勒篇章結(jié)構(gòu)檢測.doc

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2019-2020年高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型攻略 專題1 閱讀理解 位高“分”重 第5節(jié) 畫龍點(diǎn)睛 勾勒篇章結(jié)構(gòu)檢測 A month after Hurricane Katrina, I returned home in New Orleans.There lay my house，reduced to waisthigh rains, smelly and dirty.Before the trip，I’d had my car fixed.When the office employee of the garage was writing up the bill, she noticed my Louisiana license plate.“Are you from New Orleans？”she asked.I said I was. “No charge，” she said，and firmly shook her head when I reached for my wallet.The next day I went for a haircut，and the same thing happened. As my wife was studying in Florida, we decided to move there and tried to find a rental house that we could afford while also paying off a mortgage(抵押貸款)on our ruined house.We looked at many places, but none was satisfactory.We’d begun to accept that we’d have to live in extremely reduced circumstances for a while，when I got a very curious email from a James Kennedy in California.He’d read some pieces I’d written about our sufferings for State，an online magazine and wanted to give us(“no conditions attached”)a new house across the lake from New Orleans.It sounded too good to be true，but I replied，thanking him for his exceptional generosity，that we had no plans to go back.Then a poet of the University of Florida offered to let his house to us while he went to England on his oneyearpaid leave.The rent was rather reasonable.I mentioned the poet’s offer to James Kennedy, and the next day he sent a check covering our entire rent for eight months. Throughout this painful experience, the kindness of strangers backs my faith in humanity.It’s almost worth losing your worldly possessions to be reminded that people really want to be kind when given a chance. 1．Which one shows the right time order? ①James Kennedy sent us a check. ②A poet offered his house to us. ③Our home was reduced to ruins. ④The garage employee charged us nothing. ⑤James Kennedy offered a new house from New Orleans. A．④③⑤①② B．③④⑤②① C．④③⑤②① D．③④⑤①② 2．What do you know about James Kennedy? A．He was a friend of the writer. B．He offered the writer a house in California. C．He worked for an online magazine. D．He was concerned about the writer’s sufferings. 3．It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A．the mortgage on the ruined house didn’t need to be paid off B．the house rents in New Orleans were reasonable after the hurricane C．the writer rebuilt his faith in humanity by losing his worldly possessions D．the writer made it through the painful period with people’s kindness 4．How is the passage developed? A．By showing contrasting facts. B．By making classification. C．By giving examples. D．By analyzing causes and effects. 1．解析：選B?？梢酝ㄟ^確定③和④以及②和①的先后順序來確定答案。 2．解析：選D。根據(jù)第三段中的He’d read some pieces I’d written about our sufferings for State，an online...可知選D。 3．解析：選D。根據(jù)最后一段可知選D。 4．解析：選C。作者是列舉了颶風(fēng)之后發(fā)生的一系列事實(shí)來敘述的。 You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season.Sure, you’re not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all.Do you deserve a trophy(獎(jiǎng)杯)? If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no.She’s a psychology professor at Stanford University, California.She says a player doesn’t have to be the best to get a trophy.But those who receive an award should have to work for it.She suggests trophies go to the most improved player，or the one who contributed most to the team spirit，as well as to those who play the best. “The trophy has to stand for something，”Dweck told TFK.“If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.”Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons，such as improving in a sport，teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best. Others say that there’s no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved. “I think we should encourage kids’participation in sports，” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City.“A trophy is one way to encourage kids’efforts.” Barish argues that when we single_out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson.We are sending the message that winning is everything.“Winning is only part of the equation(等式)，” Barish told TFK.“Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.” “There will be plenty of opportunity for kids to learn about petition as they get older，”says Barish.They’ll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl.For now, he thinks there’s nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners.That means trophies for everyone. 5．According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy? A．Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team. B．David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny. C．Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals. D．Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game. 6．The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”． A．honour B．choose C．value D．stress 7．Which shows the correct structure of the text? 【語篇解讀】　如果孩子參加體育比賽，那么是不是每個(gè)人都該得到獎(jiǎng)杯呢？文章就這個(gè)問題給出了兩種不同的看法。 5．解析：選C。根據(jù)第二段可知，斯坦福大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授Carol Dweck認(rèn)為，獲獎(jiǎng)的運(yùn)動員未必是最好的運(yùn)動員。她認(rèn)為，進(jìn)步最大的、對團(tuán)隊(duì)精神貢獻(xiàn)最多的和表現(xiàn)最佳的運(yùn)動員都應(yīng)獲獎(jiǎng)。故C項(xiàng)正確。 6．解析：選B。根據(jù)第六段可知，Barish認(rèn)為，當(dāng)我們挑選出最佳球員或進(jìn)步最大的球員并授予他們獎(jiǎng)杯的時(shí)候，我們給孩子們傳遞了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的信號：獲勝就是一切。因此畫線的短語“single out”意為“挑出”。 7．解析：選B。本文的第一段為導(dǎo)語，導(dǎo)入討論的話題。第二、三段陳述了斯坦福大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授Carol Dweck的主要觀點(diǎn)：反對人人獲獎(jiǎng)。下文(第四段至第七段)陳述的是紐約市威爾康乃爾醫(yī)學(xué)院的心理學(xué)教授Kenneth Barish的觀點(diǎn)，即贊成人人獲獎(jiǎng)。因此B項(xiàng)清晰地展示了本文的結(jié)構(gòu)。 Passage C When someone says“SHARK” most people think of a big，toothy，underwater animal；basically we are imagining a Great White.In fact sharks e in all shapes，sizes and even colors！Follow me please；I’d like to show you a very special small shark monly known as horn sharks，only found in the coastal waters of northwest North America. Look at this shark，and you can easily see the horns on it and you will know the reason why it is called the horn shark is that it has the broad，flattened head and two large hornlike spines(脊椎)found behind its eyes and make it one of the hardiest of all shark species.What makes it unique is that as its enemy attempts to swallow it，the spines on its back will stick into the enemy’s mouth and give a good chance for it to get away. The horn shark is brown in color with black spots all over its body.The adults can reach up to a length of 4 feet and weigh up to 10 kg.An interesting fact about the horn shark is that it has five gills(鰓)．The horn shark is a clumsy swimmer using its flexible pectoral fins(胸鰭)to push itself along the bottom of the ocean.The maximum distance that has ever been recorded for a horn shark to have traveled out from its habitat is 10 miles. Today，as so little is known about its population off the Californian coast，they have been listed as being “Data Deficient” in the World Conservation Union.The horn shark is being threatened both by water pollution and mercial fishing in the area.Though they are not among those sea creatures hunted primarily for food，they often get caught as a bycatch in fishing expeditions. 8．The horn shark gets its name for ________. A．its small size B．its large eyes C．its two large spines D．its brown color with spots 9．How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By giving descriptions. B．By following time order. C．By analyzing causes. D．By making parisons. 10．Which factors contribute to the horn sharks’being on the “Data Deficient” list? ①That people like hunting them for pets. ②That people fish them for fun. ③Water pollution off the coast. ④Knowing little about the population. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 11．According to the passage, all of the following are unique to the horn shark EXCEPT that________. A．it doesn’t travel far B．it is good at swimming C．its spines can be used to attack the enemy and escape D．it is only found in the coastal waters of northwest North America 8．解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知，它之所以被稱作角鯊，是因?yàn)樗袃蓚€(gè)角狀的脊椎在眼睛的后面。故C項(xiàng)正確。 9．解析：選A。邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)題。本題主要考查對段落結(jié)構(gòu)的理解能力。文章第三段采用的是描述方法。先描述身體顏色，再描述身體的長度、形狀等。B項(xiàng)“根據(jù)時(shí)間順序”；C項(xiàng)“分析原因”；D項(xiàng)“作比較”都不符合。 10．解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知D項(xiàng)正確。①②的表述均與文章不符，不是為了“捕它們作寵物”，也不是為了“娛樂”，而是出于商業(yè)目的。 11．解析：選B。推理判斷題。題干的意思“根據(jù)文章，下面哪個(gè)不是角鯊的特性”，B項(xiàng)“善于游泳”不是特性，我們從常識的角度也可以進(jìn)行判斷。其他鯊魚也是善于游泳的，其他三項(xiàng)在文中均有表述，為角鯊的特性。故B項(xiàng)正確。 Passage D F．Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St.Paul Academy，the Newman School and attended Princeton University for a short while.In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre.Then he had to make some money to impress her. His life with her was full of great happiness，as he wrote in his diary: “My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.” This side of paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920.Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing.Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned(1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age(1922), and a play The Vegetable(1923)．But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby，published in 1925，which quick brought him praise from the literary world.Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security.Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men. However，F(xiàn)itzgerald’s problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing.During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed.By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic.During this period he pleted novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940.While his wife was in hospital in the United States，he got totally addicted to alcohol.Sheila Graham, his dear friend，helped him fight his alcoholism. 12．How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage? A．5. B．6. C．7. D．8. 13．Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald’s life according to the passage? a．He became addicted to drinking. b．He studied at St.Paul Academy. c．He published his first novel This side of paradise. d．The Great Gatsby won high praise. e．He failed to reorder his life. f．He joined the army and met Zelda. A．fceabd B．beafcd C．fdecba D．bfcdea 14．We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald ________. A．had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama B．was well educated and well off before he served in the army C．would have pleted more works if his wife hadn’t broken down D．helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital 15．The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about________. A．Zelda’s personal life B．Zelda’s illness and treatment C．Fitzgerald’s friendship with Graham D．Fitzgerald’s contributions to the literary world 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了英國著名文學(xué)家弗蘭西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德的生平及其重要作品。 12．解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章中關(guān)鍵詞novel可知，文章中提到的弗蘭西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德的小說有：This side of paradise，The Beautiful and Damned，The Great Gatsby，Tender Is the Night and The Love of the Last Tycoon，共計(jì)5部。故選A項(xiàng)。 13．解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“...was once a student of St.Paul Academy...In 1917 he joined the army...”可知，弗蘭西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德先在圣保羅學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)，然后參加的軍隊(duì)。由此可知答案應(yīng)為D項(xiàng)。 14．解析：選C。推理判斷題。由第四段第一句“However，F(xiàn)itzgerald’s problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing.”可以判斷出選C項(xiàng)。 15．解析：選D。結(jié)構(gòu)判斷題。根據(jù)人物傳記的特點(diǎn)和本段對菲茨杰拉德生活、作品的描述，說明了菲茨杰拉德的 作品對文學(xué)界的意義，因此最后總結(jié)的是關(guān)于菲茨杰拉德對文學(xué)界的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。