2019-2020年高考英語 閱讀微技能訓(xùn)練 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題(1).doc

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2019-2020年高考英語 閱讀微技能訓(xùn)練 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題(1) 作者在寫文章的時(shí)候除了進(jìn)行敘述和說明外，往往還想表達(dá)某種態(tài)度，或肯定、支持、贊同、同情，或客觀、中立、公正，或反對、憎恨、諷刺。作者的這種感情色彩往往隱含在文章的字里行間或流露于修飾的詞語中。因此，在推理判斷的過程中，因特別注意作者的措辭。 一、設(shè)問方式： 1. The author’s attitude toward … is that ______. 2. What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage? 3. The writer’s purpose in writing this article is ______. 4. The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ______. 5. What is the author’s opinion about ...? 6. Which of the following might the author agree with? 7. The writer uses the example of … to show that ______. 8. According to the author, ______. 二、技巧點(diǎn)撥： 1. 詞匯突破： 1）樂觀支持類：positive; favorable; supportive; approval 2）客觀中立類：objective(客觀的); neutral(中立的) 3）消極反對類：negative; doubtful; indifferent(漠不關(guān)心的); critical(批評的); ironic(諷刺的) 2. 技能突破： 1）在整體理解的基礎(chǔ)上判斷作者的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度和情感； 2）做題時(shí)要找準(zhǔn)信息源，不要加入自己的態(tài)度，要注意區(qū)分試題考查的是作者的態(tài)度還是作者引用別人的態(tài)度； 3) 學(xué)會根據(jù)作者在文章中所運(yùn)用詞匯的褒貶性去推理或判斷，尤其是根據(jù)動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞，如wonderfully, successfully, unfortunately, doubtfully等。判斷依據(jù)可能是個(gè)別詞，也可能是個(gè)別句或全文。借助連接詞語做題，搞清是連接、轉(zhuǎn)折、遞進(jìn)或比較。 三、典型示例 Part 1 Example 1: Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news? All I read about is murder, bribery and death. Frankly, I’m sick of all the bad news. Q: The author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to ______. A. plain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform Example 2: New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has bee smaller. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from high-tech munication equipment is greatly increased by foreign language skills. Q: What is the author’s attitude towards high-tech munication equipment? A. Critical B. Prejudiced C. Indifferent D. Positive Example 3: Four people in England, back in 1953, stared at Photo 51. It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed—the shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out. …… In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.” Q: What’s the author’s attitude towards Wilkins, Watson and Crick? A. Disapproving B. Respectful C. Admiring D. Doubtful Part 2 Example 1：Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which have powerful effects on our minds and feelings. This clever use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can express his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use then correctly, or they will make our speech silly and mon. Q：In the last paragraph, what does the author suggest that we should do? A. Use words skillfully B. Associate with listeners C. Make musical speeches D. Learn poems by heart Example 2：…Surprisingly, the man responsible for one of the most progressive green-design petitions has doubts about ideas of eco-friendly buildings. “I dont believe in the new green religion,” Gerner says.” Gerner says. “Some of the building technologies that you get are impractical. Im interested in those that work.” But he wouldnt mind if some green features inspire students. He says he hopes to set up green energy systems that allow them to learn about the process of harvesting wind and solar power. “You never know whats going to start the interest of a child to study math and science,” he says. Q：What does Gerner think of the ideas of green schools? A. They are out of date. B. They are questionable. C. They are practical. D. They are advanced. Example 3：For New Yorkers, talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn and Queens in New York. But at Mallerys, when I said that I had been to Myanmar recently, people knew where it was. In New York people would think it was a usual new club. Q：What is the authors opinion of some New Yorkers from her experience? A. Conservative. B. Generous. C. Easy-going. D. Self-centered. Example 4：Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists — everyone — is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we cant do it, theyll find someone who can. Q: The letter aims to remind editors that they should ______. A. give more freedom to their reporters B. keep their best reporters at all costs C. be aware of their reporters professional development0 D. appreciate their reporters working styles and attitudes 四、即講即練 Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. In the early 16thcentury, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out. Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18thcentury. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World WarⅡ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫學(xué)家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground. 64. The kings of France and England in the 16thcentury closed bath houses because_________. A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment. B. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease 65.Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing? A. Afraid.B. Curious. C. Approving. D. Uninterested. 66. How does the passage mainly develop? A. By providing examples. B. By making parisons. C. By following the order of time. D. By following the order of importance. 67. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To stress the role of dirt. B. To introduce the history of dirt. C. To call attention to the danger of dirt. D. To present the change of views on dirt. B The Internet will open up new vistas (前景), create the global village — you can make new friends all around the world. That, at least, is what it promised us. The difficulty is that it did not take the human mind into account. The reality is that we cannot keep relationship than a limited number of people. No matter how hard the Internet tries to put you in munication, its best efforts will be defeated by your mind. The problem is twofold（雙重的）. First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with. That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain. Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest （投入）in then. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline（減弱）until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”. This is not, of course, to say that the internet doesn’t serve a socially valuable function. Of course it does. But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to more to the other side of the world. In one sense, that’s a good thing. But it also has a disadvantage. If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see then, then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live. And I suspect that probably isn’t the best use of your time. Meaningful relationships are about being able to municate with each other, face to face. The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it won’t stop that happening eventually. 72. What is stressed in the first paragraph? A. The present situation of the internet. B. The difficulty in munication on the internet. C. The socially valuable function of the internet. D. The role of the human mind in the internet munication. 73. The underlined word "engagement" in the second paragraph probably means "________". A. appointment B. connection C. interview D. agreement 74. According to the passenger, the author holds the view that________. A. the internet fails to play so valuable a role in munication as it promised B. the internet determines the quality of social relationships C. the internet greatly increases the size of social circles D. the internet munication is no less effective than the face-to-face talk 75. What is the authors attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships? A. He is uncertain about it. B. He is hopeful of it. C. He approves of it. D. He doubts it.