2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ) 閱讀微技能訓(xùn)練 廣告類(lèi).doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ) 閱讀微技能訓(xùn)練 廣告類(lèi) I. 廣告類(lèi)文章的特點(diǎn) 高考廣告類(lèi)短文貼近學(xué)生生活，如學(xué)習(xí)、旅游、保健、購(gòu)物、招生、招聘、餐飲、網(wǎng)絡(luò)交流等。這類(lèi)短文的特點(diǎn)有以下幾點(diǎn)： 1．篇幅短小，形式靈活，信息量大。無(wú)論整篇廣告還是數(shù)則小廣告，都很短小精悍，但其中的信息可能較多甚至較為紛繁。 2．用詞和句法簡(jiǎn)練。廣告用詞簡(jiǎn)單，句法以簡(jiǎn)單句為主，目的是為了讓讀者一目了然，很快捕捉到信息。 3．專(zhuān)有名詞和縮略詞多。廣告涉及的商品和活動(dòng)以及人物等經(jīng)常以專(zhuān)有名詞出現(xiàn)，而時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等經(jīng)常以縮略詞出現(xiàn)。 4．生詞多而且沒(méi)有中文注釋。廣告領(lǐng)域眾多、涉及面廣，因此會(huì)有生詞，但往往不影響閱讀。 [Example 1] WEL Wele to Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Windsor is one of the official residences（住所）of the Queen, who sometimes stays here. Audio tours Free audio tours are available on leaving the Admission Centre at the start of your visit. There is a descriptive audio tour for blind and poor-sighted visitors. Guided tours Visitors can explore the history of the Castle through a tour of the Precincts with an expert guide. Tours depart at regular intervals throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments. Visitors with children For those visiting with children, a special family tour and various activities are offered during school holidays and at weekends. Please note that, for safely reasons, pushchairs are not permitted in the State Apartments. However, baby carriers are available to borrow. St George’s Chapel Visitors arriving at the Castle after 15:00 from March to October are advised to visit St George’s Chapel first before it closes. Shopping Shops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and children’s toys. Please ask at the Middle Ward shop about our home delivery service. Refreshments Bottled water can be purchased from the Courtyard and Middle Ward shops. Form April to September ice cream is also available. Visitors wishing to leave the Castle for refreshments in the town may obtain re-entry permits from the castle shops. Eating and drinking are not permitted in the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel. Photography and mobile phones Non-mercial photography and filming are weled in the Castle. Photography, video recording and filming are not permitted inside the State Apartments or St George’s Chapel in consideration of other visitors. Security As Windsor Castle is a working royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport-style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route. 1. A visitor can apply for a free audio tour _________. A. in the Courtyard B. in the State Apartments C. at the Admission Center D. at St George’s Chapel 2. What is specially offered to visitors with kids? A. A security guard. B. A pushchair. C. A free toy. D. A baby carrier. 3. Who can get re-entry permits? A. Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle. B. Visitors buying gifts in the castle shops. C. Visitors buying water from the Courtyard. D. Visitors eating outside St George’s Chapel. 4. Why are visitors required to turn off their mobile phones? A. To ensure the safety of others. B. To ensure the security of the Castle. C. To prevent them from disturbing others. D. To prevent the use of the built-in cameras. 5. In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one ___. A. still being constructed[] B. still used by the royal family C. where the Queen usually works D. where works of art are on show Summary: 廣告類(lèi)短文的試題多是以獲取信息為主的細(xì)節(jié)理解題，即考查考生對(duì)廣告具體細(xì)節(jié)的了解、分析和概括等能力。閱讀此類(lèi)短文需要考生具備較好的skimming(瀏覽)和scanning(查讀)的閱讀技能，即讀得快、理解得準(zhǔn)。建議如下： 1．平時(shí)多注意積累分類(lèi)詞匯。如招聘廣告中的apply(申請(qǐng))以及其派生詞applicant(申請(qǐng)者)，application(申請(qǐng))等，再如admission(門(mén)票)，max(maximum)(最高)和min(minimum)(最低)等可用來(lái)表示薪水，工作年限等。 2．注意英語(yǔ)中常用的縮略形式。如vs．(對(duì))，e．g．(例如)，a．m．(上午)，p．m．(下午)，hL(小時(shí))，R．(英尺)，m1．(英里)，esp．(尤其)，m．(男)，f(女)，Rd．(路)，Co．(公司)等。 3．抓關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)掌握主要內(nèi)容，對(duì)于無(wú)關(guān)緊要的生詞可以掠過(guò)，尤其是那些生僻的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯根本不用害怕。 4．對(duì)于一組同類(lèi)廣告，閱讀時(shí)要注意進(jìn)行細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)比。 5．先看題目，然后從文中找答案。因?yàn)樵囶}考查的往往只是細(xì)節(jié)信息，所以沒(méi)必要將廣告全部看完。 [Example 2] BORDER CROSSINGS While there are no restrictions on zhe amount of money that you can bring across the border.you must report to both the US and Canadian border services amounts equal to or greater than $10.000. PERSONAL EXEMPTIONS（免稅）ON PURCHASES AMERICANS RETURNING TO THE US Less than 48 hours: $ 200 US 48 hours or more: $ 800 US duty-free personal exemption. next $ 1.000 US at 3% Including up to 100 cigars and 100 cigarettes. CANADIANS RETURNING TO CANADA Less than 24 hours: $ 50 CAN 48 hours or more: $ 400 CAN Including up to 100 cigars and 200 cigarettes. 7 days or more: $ 750 CAN Including up to 100 cigars and 200 cigarettes. DOCUMENTATION NEEDED FOR BORDER CROSSING LAND OR SEA TO THE US(INCLUDING FERRIES) A valid passport or passport card, or a NEXUS card. (A NEXUS card is a Trusted Traveler Program that provides quick travel for pre-approved,low risk travelers through special lanes.) A recent Washington State, New York or BC driver’s license. Note: Children 15 years of age and younger require only a birth certificate or copy.(Certified copies are not required but are advised.) AIR TRAVEL TO THE US A valid passport, an Air NEXUS card, or a U.S. Coast Guard Merchant Marine Document. 6. If a Canadian who is on a 7-day trip to New York buys $ 800 CAN worth of goods,how much should he pay tax on when returning home? A. $ 800 CAN B. $750 CAN C.$ 400 CAN D. $ 50 CAN 7.For an American citizen on a 2-day tour of Canada, how much tax does he have to pay on $ 1.600 US worth of purchases when returning to the US? A. $ 24 US B. $ 48 US C. $52 US D. $ 200 US 8. What documentation should a couple with a 7-year-old child carry when they drive a car from Canada to America? A. A BC driver’s license, an Air NEXUS card, and a birth certificate. B. An Air NEXUS card, a U.S. Coast Guard Merchant Marine Document, and a birth certificate. C.Two vaild passport crads and a certified copy of a birth certificate. D. A NEXUS card, a U.S. Coast Guard Merchant Marine Document.,and a certified copy of a birth certificate. II. Practice Wanted, Someone for a Kiss Were looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100 FM. Youll work on the stations music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. Father Christmas Were looking for a very special person, preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit. Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10∶30－16∶00. Excellent pay. Please contact (聯(lián)系) the Enterprise Shopping Centre, Station Parade, Eastbourne. Accountants Assistant When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience. Wealden District Council Software Trainer If you are aged 24??45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the puter and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of ￡15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (簡(jiǎn)歷) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited. 1．Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station? A．Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. B．Mrs Oglivie, Palmlace Limited. C．The Enterprise Shopping Centre. D．Wealden District Council. 2．We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who________. A．is aged between 24 and 40 B．may do some training work C．should deal with general duties D．can work for about a month 3．Which position is open to recent school graduates? A．Producer, London Kiss. B．Father Christmas. C．Accountants Assistant. D．Software Trainer. 4．What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited? A．One with GCSE grade C level. B．One with some office experience. C．One having good puter knowledge. D．One trained in producing music programmes. B Attractions Do you： ◆Love the National Park, value it and hope to safeguard its future? ◆Wish to see the beautiful landscape of the Park protected? ◆Like to enjoy peaceful, informal recreation within the Park? Aims The Friends organization aims are to help protect and improve the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park for all to enjoy. We are a voluntary organization and registered charity without financial links to the National Park Authority. Activities We encourage everyone to enjoy the National Park through regular talks and visits to interesting places in the Park with expert guides. We keep an eye on planning applications， Park Authority policies and threats to the National Park such as massive leisure plexes. We work with like-minded organizations such as the Campaign for National Parks to make our voice more effective. We help children to understand the National Park by sponsoring publications such as an adventure booklet and projects in local schools., Benefits,◆Guided visits to places of interest which may not always be available to the general public.,◆All members receive our regular News and Views.,◆Talks by experts in their fields on current issues.,◆A discount is available on Friends items for sale.,◆Satisfaction of participation in work parties， for those willing and able to be involved., If interested， please plete the Application Form at fpnp.org. uk. 5. Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization? A. To build massive plexes for public amusement. B. To prevent possible damages to the National Park. C. To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy. D. To sponsor publications and projects in local schools. 6. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to ________. A. have Friends goods free of charge B. visit any place not open to the public C. take part in work parties if they want to D. give talks in their fields on current issues 7．The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to ______. A. raise money for the Friends organization B. join the Friends organization and be members of it C. work as managers for Pembrokeshire National Park D. enjoy the landscape of Pembrokeshire National Park C Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home. What to Expect The host will provide acmodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health. Acmodation Zones Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system.Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is mercial and not residential(居住的) .Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger acmodation in a less crowded area.It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground. Meal Plans Available ◇　Continental Breakfast ◇　Breakfast and Dinner ◇　Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner Its important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your acmodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal (谷物類(lèi)食品), bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee. Friends If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your hosts permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy. Self Catering Acmodation in Private Homes Acmodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of acmodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much. 8．The passage is probably written for ________. A．hosts willing to receive foreign students B．foreigners hoping to build British culture C．travellers planning to visit families in London D．English learners applying to live in English homes 9．Which of the following will the host provide? A．Room cleaning. B．Medical care. C．Free transport. D．Physical training. 10．What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A．Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2. B．The business centre of London is in Zone 1. C．Hosts dislike travelling to the city centre. D．Acmodation in the city centre is not provided. 11．According to the passage, what does Continental Breakfast include? A．Dessert and coffee. B．Fruit and vegetables. C．Bread and fruit juice. D．Cereal and cold meat. 12．Why do some people choose self-catering acmodation? A．To experience a warmer family atmosphere. B．To enrich their knowledge of English. C．To entertain friends as they like. D．To enjoy much more freedom. D Columbus College , 241 Queen Elizabeth Drive ,Kowloon City Memo To: All Staff From: Jakie Mok , Secretary; Sports Development mittee Date: May 20, xx A week ago, “Sports for Life” programme was sent to the parents, requiring them to select a sport they wanted their child to play. Since then, our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it . Here is a memo (備忘錄) for your reference when you answer the phones. Sports 1:Basketball. We expect that this will be the most popular of the four sports. Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible . Students will take a private bus to and from Kwun Tong Sports Park .To cover the cost of hiring a bus , each student will have to pay ＄10 each time. There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game. Sports 2:Gym We will be using St. Peter’s Memorial Park. There are two reasons for choosing this park. First, it is not very busy and crowded before 6:00 pm. Second, it has lot of trees with plenty of shade. Students must bring along two bottles of water to prevent thirst. Three activities, skipping , jogging , outdoor aerobics (有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)),all of which are free of charge, will be arranged. And there will be a teacher on duty for each of the activities. Sports 3: Hiking Hiking will take place at Kowloon Peak. The activity will start at 2:30 pm and finish 90 minutes later. Three teachers will acpany the students, and a hiking instructor will acpany each group of 15 hikers . Each instructor will cost ＄75/hr. Students are advised to bring plenty of water and sunscreen. Sports 4: Swimming The Kowloon City Aquatic Centre is a 10-minute walk from our school. Four teachers will go to the pool and conduct the goings-on from the poolside. We will only be able to reserve the pool for one hour (i.e. 2:45pm to 3:45pm).Only students skilful at swimming can take up this activity. The pool will have two lifeguards present. Girls must wear a swimming suit. The cost is ＄10 per visit. 13.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Students selecting basketball had better register early. B. Students participating in gym should arrive at 6:00 pm. C. Hiking usually begins at 2:30 pm and lasts 2 hours. D. Students having swimming suits can take up swimming. 14. It can be inferred from the passage that__________ A. students taking part in basket ball will walk to the courts. B. every student can gain admission to one of the four sports C. hiking students can have a regular rest in the shade of trees D. students taking up the four sports should bring bottles of water 15. It can be concluded that ______________ A. each sport will take only on hour sports B. students will be charged for the four sports C. all the sports will take place at Kowloon Peak D. teachers will acpany students on each sport 16.The purpose of the memo is to _____________ A. attract students’ interest in the programme B. require the parents to select a sport for their child C. help the staff explain the programme to the parents D. remind teachers and lifeguards to be present on time EXAMPLE 1 1. C. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在Audio tours標(biāo)題下直接找到the Admission Center。 2. D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在visitors with babies標(biāo)題下有baby carriers are available to borrow. 3.A. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在Refreshments標(biāo)題下有Visitors wishing to leave the castle for refreshments in the town may obtain the re-entry permits from the castle shops. 4 C. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在Photography and mobile phones標(biāo)題下有Mobile phones must be switched off … inconsideration of other visitors. 5.B. 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一部分中的句子Windsor is one of the official residences of the Queen, who sometimes stays there.可以猜測(cè)B項(xiàng)正確，C項(xiàng)是不正確的，因?yàn)樵擁?xiàng)只是Queen usually works。 EXAMPLE 2 6選D。 根據(jù)文中Canadians Returning To Canada 的要求$750 CAN是免稅的，所以只需交$50 CAN的關(guān)稅 7選A. 根據(jù)文中Americans Returning To the US 的要求$800 US 免稅，而next $1000US at3% 得知除800以外的800到1000以?xún)?nèi)需交3% 800乘以3%=24 8選C 根據(jù)題目中hey drive a car from Canada to America，用排除法可排除兩項(xiàng)A,B,而D錯(cuò)在a certified copy A答案與解析a 1.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一則廣告招聘的是電臺(tái)音樂(lè)制作人，如果你希望在電臺(tái)工作，當(dāng)然應(yīng)與Producer Vacancies，Kiss 100聯(lián)系。 2.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二則廣告可知，the Enterprise Shopping Centre招聘的是圣誕老人，工作的時(shí)間是從 11月24日開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到12月24日，在這大約一個(gè)月的時(shí)間內(nèi)，他都要在周六或者除了周日以外的其他時(shí)間工作。 3.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三則廣告最后“This position is equally suitable for a school leaver”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。 4.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一則廣告第二句中的“You should be good at the puter”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。 b答案與解析 1．A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Activities這部分內(nèi)容的第二段第一句可知，為公眾娛樂(lè)大興土木是對(duì)國(guó)家公園的威脅，是該機(jī)構(gòu)要阻止的行為。 2.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Benefits這部分內(nèi)容的第五條可知，該機(jī)構(gòu)成員享有的權(quán)益之一就是參加工作組。 3.B　推理判斷題。文章介紹了Friends這一機(jī)構(gòu)的亮點(diǎn)、目標(biāo)、活動(dòng)以及該機(jī)構(gòu)成員享有的權(quán)益等，顯然，作者的目的是想邀請(qǐng)更多的有志之士加入進(jìn)來(lái)，成為其中的一員。 C答案與解析 1.D　主旨大意題。由第一段第一句可知，Homestay為學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生提供在課堂外說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的機(jī)會(huì)和成為英國(guó)家庭成員的體驗(yàn)。再結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容可推知這篇文章不是為愿意接受英國(guó)學(xué)生的主人寫(xiě)的，也不是為那些希望建設(shè)英國(guó)文化的外國(guó)人以及計(jì)劃參觀倫敦家庭的參觀者寫(xiě)的。大概是為那些申請(qǐng)?jiān)谟?guó)人家中居住的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者寫(xiě)的。 2.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句可知A項(xiàng)的敘述符合題意。主人能夠提供的東西主要在第二段進(jìn)行論述，該段并沒(méi)有告訴讀者主人將為入住者提供醫(yī)療護(hù)理、免費(fèi)交通和身體訓(xùn)練。 3.B　推理判斷題。由第三段倒數(shù)第二句可知Zone 3和Zone 4不像Zone 2那么擁擠，由此排除A項(xiàng)；第二句只說(shuō)明人們不喜歡居住在市中心，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)人們不去市中心，由此排除C項(xiàng)；本段只是提到市中心擁擠，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)到居住在市中心的家庭不為學(xué)生提供食宿，由此排除D項(xiàng)。 4.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal，bread and tea or coffee可知，A項(xiàng)、B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)的敘述是錯(cuò)誤，只有C項(xiàng)中的Bread and fruit juice是里面的內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。 5.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段第二句中的This kind of acmodation offers an independent lifestyle可知Self??Catering Acmodation 能夠?yàn)樽∷拚咛峁└嗟淖杂?，這與D項(xiàng)的敘述一致。A項(xiàng)、B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)的 D---答案：68——71 ABDC