2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習 Unit15—Unit16知識要點聚焦.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習 Unit15—Unit16知識要點聚焦 1．重點詞匯 單詞：upset，altitude，guarantee，gather，feast，dip，analyse，chat， rate, arrangement，cheque，entry，mental，physical, suffering， greedy, unemployment，sacrifice，former，vain，eventually，dawn， overe, insist，plain，resist，chief，afterwards，widespread，rot， supply，willing 短語：look into，every now and then，get/be tired of，cool off in vain，take a chance，leave alone，insist on，as a result，put on，on sale，in turn 2.重點句型 It is important for you to decide where to go． Not finding his passport, he could. Not go on the trip. It is impossible for lost time to be made up． He asked for the letter to be sent at once 3.交際用語 The water is used to/for…If we…，we can．．． One of the reasons why... is... …is often followed by... What does the landscape look like? How long/wide/high/tall is the...？ 重點考點精釋 1. stretch v.變寬，變長；伸展；延伸 The road stretched(itself) away as far as the eye could see. The forests stretch（themselves) out for hundreds of kilometers． We don’t want to stretch the meeting out. The Great Wall actually stretches for 6000 kilometers. 2．tire短語 be/get tired of變得對……厭倦 be tired from/with因 ……而疲勞 tire sb. out使筋疲力盡 Tired of her plaints about the program，I turned off the TV. I’m tired of having the same kind of food every day. I was tired from having sat up all night． She is tired with running. The long journey tired them out． 3. cool off涼快下來；冷淡下來 She told me it was just hot，and needed to cool off. Their friendship cooled off when Jim told a lie. 注意cool down可表示與cool off相同的意思，只是cool down還可表示“使冷卻”: A、heated argument can be settled down better if both sides cool down/of f first. Blow on the soup to cool it down． 4．be located. .．位于……；坐落在…… The business is located right in the center of town. The factory is located near the river. 5．feast n．＆，．宴請；盛宴；享受 Give/hold a feast 舉行宴會 A feast for eyes 賞心悅目的事 feast（sb．）on sth．用……款待某人 feast one’s eyes on盡情欣賞 They held a feast in honour of the president． The flower show is a feast for eyes. They feast us on a variety of seafood． The flies are feasting on rotting flesh． If you like luxury cars，feast your eyes on these. 6. upset vt‘使心煩意亂，使難過adj．苦惱的，難過的；不適的n. 混亂，攪亂 Don’t upset yourself by thinking about what might have been． He was very upset that you, didn’t reply to his letters． I’ve got an upset stomach-serves me right for eating so much． It would be quite an upset if the favourite didnt win. 辨析nervous, anxious, upset nervous：指在事情發(fā)展的過程中有一種害怕的感覺： I’m always nervous when I have to make a speech. anxious由于害怕某種事情會發(fā)生而感到焦急： Your mother will be anxious until she hears you are set， upset, Eh于某事的發(fā)生而感到心煩意亂： She was very upset when the, dog died． 7．辨析know/know, about (of) Know sth. 表示直接 “認識”或“知道”某事物；而know about sth.表示 “得知，了解”有關某事物的情況， “某事物”不是直接知道或認識的對象： While they are my neighbours，I do not know them well. Do you know of anyone her who is able to speak several foreign languages? Besides，my father was a sailor, and I want to know about all the places he used to go to. 8. sacrifice v．＆n犧牲（品） sacrifice n．for sth. sacrifice n. to (do)sth. make sacrifices for為 ……犧牲 A heroic sacrifice英勇犧牲 He asked each of his older girls to sacrifice herself for the family. We decided to sacrifice a trip to a new car. She sacrificed her career to marry him． The soldiers made sacrifices for their country． 9. former adj.原先的；以前的；昔日的 I still hold my former view that he is right． Our former headmaster delivered a speech at yesterday’s meeting. 注意the former “前者”，與the latter “后者”相對應： Did he walk or swim? The former seems more likely. 10．to death短語 Be shot to death 被槍打死 Bleed to death 失血過多而致死 Starve to death 餓死 Burn to death 燒死 Work sb. to death 讓某人累死累活地干 Freeze to death 凍死 Sentence to death by the court 被法庭判處死刑 To death 極度 Be bored to death 煩死了 Worry sb. to death 讓……煩的要命 Be scared to death 怕得要命 11. in vain徒勞；白費；毫無結果 It took A great deal of courage to admit that all her efforts had been in vain. All the sacrifices that have been made are in vain． We promise here that these dead shall not have died in vain． Doctors tried in vain to save him butte died just before dawn． I tried to persuade him to give up smoking，but in vain． 12. pride n.自豪；驕傲proud adj自豪的；驕傲的 be/feel proud of 為……感到驕傲 The proud to do sth.自豪地做 … … be/feel proud that從句 “以 ……為榮” take pride in ……而驕傲 They were proud of their success/of being so successful. I am very proud to call you my friend. They were proud that they belonged0to such a fine team. He takes pride in that famous painting of 19th century. 13．host n．東道主；主持人vt．；當 … …的東道; 主持 He attended the meeting not just as a host but as an important guest. Beijing，China was chosen as the host of the xx Olympics． China will host the xx Olympics. The show，hosted by Robert，features movie stars and singers. 14．resist v．抵抗；抵制 Resist n. I resist doing. Can’t resist (doing) sth. I suppose you can’t resist the temptation of the cake made by Granny Wang. I just can’t resist some chocolate. She can never resist buying new shoes They only wanted 3 dollars for it，so how could I resist? 15. 辨析in turn/by turns/take turns in turn表示“依次；反過來逐個地”。通常指一群人按照次序做某事，做完不再重復。 by turns輪流，交替。指一組人輪流做某事，或兩種情況交替出現(xiàn)。 take turns輪流，交替。通常指一組人或二群人中各個成員輪番做某事，可以是一個或幾個輪番。常用于： take turns to do/take turns at doing: Work in groups of four and answer these questions in turn. We clean, the classroom by turns. Take turns to ask the question. We take turns at cleaning the blackboard． 16. rot v.＆n．腐爛；腐壞 The wood has rotted away pletely. He was thrown into prison and left to rot． Too much sugar will rot your teeth away． There is dry rot in the floor. 17. entry n．進入；入口；登記；參加競賽的人（物） Their entry into the war changed the whole situation. Now we came to a street with a “No Entry” sign． This music film is Mrs．Wilson’s entry in the petition． Fifty entries for the Marathon race were running at the front． entry短語 Make a triumphant entry into the town 凱旋如城 Force one’s entry into 闖入 Make an entry in 記入，登記，入場 Make one’s entry 出場 高考樣題例釋 1．（xx年重慶）You can eat food free in my restaurant you like． A．whenever B．wherever C．whatever D．however 【解析】答案為A。 whenever引導的時間狀語從句，有地點不用wherever，有free不用however，有food不用whatever;故選A。 2.（xx年北京） I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A． Even though B. Unless C. as long as D. While 【解析】答案為C。as long as表條件，“只要我知道錢很安全，我就不擔心了?！? 3．(xx年全國）一I’m taking my driving test tomorrow. — ！ A. Cheers B. Good luck C．e on D. Congratulations 【解析】答案為B。明天要參加考試，Cheers干杯；Congratulations祝賀；e on加油；Good luck祝你好運，只有B適合。 單選高考模擬 1．Scientists have calculated（計算）the entire amount of matter in universe. A. the;／ B. the; the C.／；／ D. /; the 2. If tap water(自來水) were as dangerous as some people think would be getting sick. A．a(chǎn) lot of more us B．more a lot of us C. a lot, of us more D. a lot more of us 3．Still， is more surprising，he has not said he will withdraw（退出）． A. as B. that C. what D. which 4．—Did you go running this morning? —I to，but I overslept。 A. used B. wished C. meant D. expected 5. ,he couldnt expect to get a pay rise. A. Even harder he worked B. Hard as he worked C. Only with hard work D. Now that he worked hard 6．Without facts; we cannot forma worthwhile opinion，for we need to have factual knowledge our thinking. A. which to be based on B. upon which to base. C. which, to base upon D. to which to be based 7. —How can the problem be, settled？ —Well，we must it to the official’s own judgment A. depend B. expect C. leave D. suggest 8. —Would you like half apple or ？ —Either will do. A．the; whole one B. an；the whole one C. the; a whole one D. an; a whole one 9．The damage to car is . Don’t worry about it． A．serious B．terrible C. slight D．unimportant 10．According to the conditions of my scholarship after finishing my degree， . A．my education will be employed by the university B. employment will be given by the university C. the university will employ me D. Ill be employed by the university 全真模擬訓練 一、單項填空 1．The killing of the bison the whole wildlife chain of the plains. A. has an affect on B. has effected C. has an effect on D．has an effort on 2. The traffic was by an accident that happened 20 minutes ago. A. put off B. broken down C. broken up D. held up 3．Let me shove you how to start the machine. All you have to do is this button. A．press B．turn C．to press D．to turn 4. People under hard condition can often survive bad environment more easily. A. grown up B. brought up C. fed up D. picked up 5. of jewels are kept in my grandmas safe in the bank. A. A good many B. A great deal C. Plenty D. Large amounts 6. Time should be made good use our lessons well． A. of learning B. to learn C. to learning D. of to learn 7. Tom had sent his mother a telegram Australia． A．on his arrival in B．on his arrival to C. at his arrival to D．a(chǎn)t his arrival in 8．She a yard of cloth from the roll． A．cut down B．cut off C．cut up D. cut in 9．His brother had medical college and bee a doctor. A. passed through B. left through C. got through D. went though 10．Carry your with you-money，jewellery，cameras and so on. A．gifts B. suitcase C. bags D．valuables 11．—Would you like to see a film with us this evening? —I’d like to. But I can’t the time because I have to finish my exercises. A. pass B. take C. spend D. afford 12. He told me he had been offered a well-paid abroad. A. service B. business C. position D. work 13. After trying several times, I to see him. A. attempted B. managed C. succeeded D. intended 14. —What do you think of her singing tonight? —I’m no of music, but I know what I like. A. judge B. judger B. judgement D. judging 15. Do what he wants, or you’ll him. A. upset B. argue C. achieve D. absorb 二、完形填空 About once a month I have to go to Degford for my work. One day I went into a hotel there to have something to 1 . The waiter 2 my coat and put it in a small room. About an hour later I was 3 to go. The waiter 4 me my coat. 5 Something fell out of the pocket onto the floor. It was a small white box. Then I took a good look at the 6 “Oh. You’ve brought someone 7 coat,” I said to the waiter. “It looks very much like mine, 8 it is quite new, and this isn’t my box, either.” “Oh, then I 9 someone has taken your coat and left this,” said the waiter. “This kind of thing 10 sometimes.” I opened the box． There was a beautiful gold ring in it. So I went 11 to the police station． “ lost a ring?” I asked. “Yes,”said a policeman.“A young man who came in this morning lost a ring，he lost it in London,” He 13 the young man. A few minutes 1ate, the man arrived．“Yes，this is my ring,” he said．“How can I 14 you, sir? You see, I paid a lot of money for this ring and 15 I lost it on the train!” After I told him the 16 of the coat，he said．“You haven’t been on the train． I haven’t been in the hotel. So how did my ring 17 in the coat?” “Did 10 sit or stand next to you on the train? Asked the policeman． “Yes，”said the young man. “But I r dont remember his face.” “You may remember this coat,” said the policeman．“Was it like this one?” “Yes，it was,” said the young man．“But my friend here 19 the thief” The policeman laughed. “ 20 ”, The thief on the train stole your ring, and like our friend here, he went into the hotel to get some food. Only he didn’t take the right coat away with him.” 1．A. do B. put C. eat D. deal with 2. A. took B. found C. got D. watched 3．A. anxious B. told C. invited D. ready 4．A. showed B．returned C. brought D. dressed 5．A. Luckily B. Suddenly C．Obviously D. At once 6．A. ring B. box C. coat D. pocket 7．A. lost B. missed C. new D. else’s 8．A. but B. and C. instead D. for 9．A. know B. wonder C. suppose D. find 10．A. exists B. happens C. sees D. changes 11．A. around B. about C. ahead D. along 12. A. Who B. Has she C．Has anyone D. Have you 13．A. wrote to B．remembered C. telephoned D. invited 14．A. return B. thank C. find D. help 15．A. then B. so C. yet D. however 16. A. model B. price C. story D. size 17．A. e B. put C. set D. get 18. A. he B. the thief C. the waiter D. anyone 19．A. discovered B. isn’t C. has caught D. doesnt know 20. A. I m afraid not B. Yes C. No D. Surely 三、閱讀理解 A As we know，it is very important that a firm should pay attention to the training of its staff as there exist many weak points in its various departments. Staff training must have a purpose, which I defined（解釋）when a firm considers its training needs，which are in turn based on job descriptions and job specifications. A job description should give details of the performance that is required for a particular job，and a job specification should give information about the behaviour， knowledge and skills that are expected of an employee who works in it, When all of this has been collected，it is possible to make a training specification．This specifies that the training department must teach for the successful performance of the job，and also the best methods to use in the training period. There are many different training methods，and there are advantages and disadvantages, of all of them. Successful training performances depend on an understanding of the difference between learning about skills and training in using them. It is frequently said that learning about skills takes place “of f the job” in classroom，but training in using these skills takes place“on the job”，by means of such activities as practice in the workshop. It’s always difficult to evaluate（估計）the costs of a training programme. The success of such a programme depends not only on the methods used but also on the qualitys of the staff who do the training. The evaluation of management training is much more plex than that. 1. To be successful in our training programme，we must understand the difference between ． A．a(chǎn) job description and a job specification B．what is taught，and how it is taught C. the costs and the quality of the programme D．the training contents and training in using 2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. As there exist weak points in different departments of a firm, the training of its staff is highly necessary． B．A training specification is based on the information collected from a job description and a job specification C．Training in using skills and learning about skills usually do not happen at the same time． D．It’s easier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workers arid technicians. 3. The best title for the passage might be “ .” A．Staff training and its evaluation B．A successful training programme C．How to describe and specify a job D．The importance of training the staff 4．From the passage we know the success of a training programme lies in． A．the training methods and the quality of the training staff B．the performance of the trainees in the programme C. the places where the training programmes take place D. the way to evaluate the training programme B “A good book for children should simply be a good book in its own right，”says Mollie Hunter. Brought up near Edinburgh，Mollie has devoted her talents to writing primarily for young people．She firmly believes that there is always `and should always be a wider audience for any good book whatever its main market. In Mollie’s opinion it is necessary to make full use of language and she enjoys telling a story，which is what every writer should be doing：“If you aren’t telling a story，you’re a very dead writer indeed，”she says. With the chief function of a writer being to entertain（讓人愉快），Mollie is indeed an entertainer，“I have this great love of not only the meaning of language but of the music of language，”she says． “This love goes back to early childhood．Ive told stories all my life．I had a school teacher who used to ask us what we would like to be when we grew up and，because my family always had dogs，and I was very good at handling them，I said I wanted to work with dogs，and the teacher always said ‘Nonsense Mollie dear，you’ll be a writer.’So finally I thought that this woman must have something，since she was a good teacher and I decided when I was nine that I would be a writer.” This childhood intention is described in her novel，A Sound of chariots，which although written in the third person is clearly autobiographical(自傳體的)and gives a picture both of Mollie s ambition（雄心）and her struggle towards its achievement. Thoughts of her childhood inevitably（不可避免的）brought thoughts of the time when her home was still a village with buttercup meadows and strawberry fields sadly now covered with modern houses，“I was once taken back to see it and I felt that somebody had lain dirty hands all over my childhood．Ill never go back，”she said．“Never．When I set one of my books in Scotland,” she said, “I can recall my romantic（浪漫的）feelings as a child playing in those fields，or watching the village blacksmith at work． And that’s important，because children now know so much so early that romance can’t exist for them，as it did for us．” 5．What does Mollie Hunter feel about the nature of a good book? A．It should not aim at a narrow audience． B．It should be attractive to young readers． C．It should be based on original ideas. D．It should not include too much conversation． 6．In Mollie Hunter’s opinion，one sign of a poor writer is . A. poor in life experience B. short of writing skills C．the weakness of description D．the absence of a story 7．What do we learn about Mollie Hunter as a very young child? A．She didnt expect to bee a writer. B．She didn’t enjoy writing stories． C．She didn’t have any particular ambitions. D. She didn’t respect her teacher’s views． 8．In parison with children of earlier years, Mollie feels that modern children are . A. more intelligent B. better informed C. less eager to learn D．less interested in reality 9. What is the writer’s purpose in this text? A. To describe Mollie Hunter’s most successful books． B. To share her enjoyment of Mollie Hunger’s books． C．To introduce Mollie Hunter’s work to a wider audience. D．To provide information for Mollie Hunters existing readers． C Ellis Island is located in New York．Ellis Island is open daily year-round from 9：30a．m．to 5p．m．，with extended hours during summer. It is closed on December 25. There is no admission charge to Ellis Island: donation(捐款）are gratefully accepted. At Your Fingertips Park information，（212） 363-7620 Emergencies（212）363-3260 Ferryboat information（212）269-5755 Lost and found （212) 363-7620 Dining; gifts，＆audio tour（212）344-0996 Transportation Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Ferry；Boat