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摘 要
數(shù)控機床即數(shù)字程序控制機床，是一種自動化機床，數(shù)控技術(shù)是數(shù)控機床研究的核心，是制造業(yè)實現(xiàn)自動化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、柔性化、集成化的基礎(chǔ)。隨著制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機床借助現(xiàn)代設(shè)計技術(shù)、工序集約化和新的功能部件使機床的加工范圍、動態(tài)性能、加工精度和可靠性有了極大的提高。
本次設(shè)計通過對現(xiàn)有數(shù)控鉆銑床的分析研究，提出一種新的設(shè)計方案,其自動化程度更高，結(jié)構(gòu)也相對比較簡單。本方案中，主軸箱采用電磁離合器實現(xiàn)有級變速，在X、Y、Z三個方向上的進給運動均采用滾珠絲桿，而動力則由步進電動機通過調(diào)隙齒輪來傳遞，并且采用單片機進行數(shù)字控制?？刂葡到y(tǒng)采用MCS-51系列單片機，通過擴展程序存儲器、數(shù)據(jù)存儲器和I/O接口實現(xiàn)硬件電路的設(shè)計。
關(guān)鍵詞：數(shù)控技術(shù) 滾珠絲桿 步進電機 單片機系統(tǒng)擴展
Abstract
The numerical control engine bed is the digital process control engine bed, is one kind of automated engine bed, the numerical control technology is the core which the numerical control engine bed studies, is the manufacturing industry realization automation, the network, the flexibility, the integrated foundation. Along with the manufacture technology development, the modern numerical control engine bed with the aid of the modern design technology, the working procedure intensification and the new function part caused the engine bed the processing scope, the dynamic performance, the processing precision and the reliability had the enormous enhancement .
This design tries a new method after the analyze and research of the exited numerical control bed for mill and bore with the higher automatization degrees and the simpler configuration. In the method, electromagnetism clutch is used for the realization of the level shift in the headstock, and in the motion of , we all adopt ball bearing thread haulm for the X、Y、Z direction ,The power of which is step by step electromotor transferred by gear that used for adjusting gaps. And more, we used singlechip for numerical control.The control system introduces MCS-51 series singlechip, and the realization of hardware circuit was accomplished by enlarging program memorizer、data memorizer and I/O meet meatus.
Keywords: Numerical control technology Ball bearing thread haulm
The step by step electromotor The enlarge for SCM system