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南京理工大學(xué)泰州科技學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文資料翻譯
學(xué)院（系）： 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院
專(zhuān) 業(yè)： 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化
姓 名： 徐 星
學(xué) 號(hào)： 0601510157
(用外文寫(xiě))
外文出處： Digital System Development Trend
附 件： 1.外文原文 2.外文資料翻譯譯文
指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)語(yǔ)：
此翻譯文章較詳細(xì)地介紹了數(shù)控系統(tǒng)在平面磨床上的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展，闡述了數(shù)控系統(tǒng)主要參數(shù)，并對(duì)平面磨床數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的性能進(jìn)行了介紹，翻譯用詞基本準(zhǔn)確，文筆也較為通順，具備一定的英語(yǔ)閱讀能力。
簽名：
年 月 日
注：請(qǐng)將該封面與附件裝訂成冊(cè)。
附件1：外文資料翻譯譯文
數(shù)控系統(tǒng)在平面磨床上應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)
現(xiàn)代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，中、小批量零件的生產(chǎn)占產(chǎn)品數(shù)量的比例越來(lái)越高，零件的復(fù)雜性和精度要求迅速提高，傳統(tǒng)的普通機(jī)床已經(jīng)越來(lái)越難以適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化生產(chǎn)的要求，而數(shù)控機(jī)床具有高精度、高效率、一機(jī)多用，可以完成復(fù)雜型面加工的特點(diǎn)，特別是計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展并廣泛應(yīng)用于數(shù)控系統(tǒng)中，數(shù)控裝置的主要功能幾乎全由軟件來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，硬件幾乎能通用，從而使其更具加工柔性，功能更加強(qiáng)大。
制造業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)已從早期降低勞動(dòng)力成本、產(chǎn)品成本，提高企業(yè)整體效率和質(zhì)量的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，發(fā)展到全面滿足顧客要求、積極開(kāi)發(fā)新產(chǎn)品的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，將面臨知識(shí)--技術(shù)--產(chǎn)品的更新周期越來(lái)越短，產(chǎn)品批量越來(lái)越小，而對(duì)質(zhì)量、性能的要求更高，同時(shí)社會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)、綠色制造的意識(shí)不斷加強(qiáng)。因此敏捷先進(jìn)的制造技術(shù)將成為企業(yè)贏得競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和生存、發(fā)展的主要手段。計(jì)算機(jī)信息技術(shù)和制造自動(dòng)化技術(shù)的結(jié)合越來(lái)越緊密，作為自動(dòng)化柔性生產(chǎn)重要基礎(chǔ)的數(shù)控機(jī)床在生產(chǎn)機(jī)床中所占比例將越來(lái)越多。
一、數(shù)控平磨現(xiàn)狀及主要數(shù)控系統(tǒng)
平面磨床相對(duì)于車(chē)床、銑床等采用數(shù)控系統(tǒng)較晚，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的特殊要求。近十幾年來(lái)，借助CNC技術(shù)，磨床上砂輪的連續(xù)修整，自動(dòng)補(bǔ)償，自動(dòng)交換砂輪，多工作臺(tái)，自動(dòng)傳送和裝夾工件等操作功能得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，數(shù)控技術(shù)在平面磨床上逐步普及。在近年漢諾威、東京、芝加哥、及國(guó)內(nèi)等大型機(jī)床展覽會(huì)上，CNC磨床在整個(gè)磨床展品中已占大多數(shù)，如德國(guó)BLOHM公司，ELB公司等著名磨床制造廠已經(jīng)不再生產(chǎn)普通磨床，日本的岡本、日興等公司也成批生產(chǎn)全功能CNC平磨，在開(kāi)發(fā)高檔數(shù)控平磨的同時(shí)，積極發(fā)展中、低檔數(shù)控平磨。
前幾年德國(guó)ELB公司生產(chǎn)的BRILLIANT系列二坐標(biāo)CNC成型磨床，其垂直和橫向?yàn)閿?shù)控軸，縱向?yàn)橐簤嚎刂疲拜喰拚捎冒惭b在工作臺(tái)上的金剛石滾輪，適用范圍較廣；SUPER-BRILLIANT系列是三坐標(biāo)CNC平面和成型磨床，床身用天然花崗巖制成，幾何精度極高，導(dǎo)軌用直線滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌，機(jī)械驅(qū)動(dòng)無(wú)反沖，從而保證工件有較好的表面光潔度；BRILLIANT-FUTURE為以上二個(gè)系列的改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品，床身用人造花崗巖制作，縱向用靜壓導(dǎo)軌，齒形帶傳動(dòng)，垂直和橫向?qū)к墳轭A(yù)加荷直線滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌，滾珠絲杠傳動(dòng)，三軸CNC控制AC伺服電機(jī)，0.5μm的測(cè)量分辨率。同時(shí)ELB公司開(kāi)發(fā)了具有當(dāng)代最新技術(shù)的磨床產(chǎn)品，即以機(jī)電一體化和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的CAM-MASTER系列柔性磨加工單元，CAD-MASTER系列和COMPACT-MASTER系列磨削加工中心，控制軸最多可達(dá)到24軸，另外由于全面推行模塊化設(shè)計(jì)，使專(zhuān)用磨床制造周期縮短，ELB公司還開(kāi)發(fā)了多種高效專(zhuān)用磨床，如SFVG100/2專(zhuān)用磨床，具有可傾斜磨頭，連續(xù)修整，緩進(jìn)給，斜切入磨削功能，用十一根CNC控制軸，如同一臺(tái)磨加工中心。英國(guó)JONES&SHIPMAN公司與美國(guó)A-B公司開(kāi)發(fā)了A-B8600數(shù)控系統(tǒng)用于FORMAT5型數(shù)控平磨，由CNC控制液壓閥，驅(qū)動(dòng)縱向可調(diào)速運(yùn)動(dòng)，橫向與磨頭進(jìn)給用滾珠絲杠副，直流伺服電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)，間斷式砂輪修整，CRT圖形模擬顯示。同時(shí)還可以配用其他型號(hào)的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，以滿足不同用戶的要求。
目前，隨半導(dǎo)體集成度的不斷提高，新推出的系統(tǒng)在外型上越來(lái)越小，結(jié)構(gòu)上越來(lái)越緊湊，功能上增加了遠(yuǎn)程通訊，遠(yuǎn)程診斷，多機(jī)聯(lián)網(wǎng)等等；操作界面向WINDOWS系統(tǒng)靠近，增加鼠標(biāo)，搖控器等操作件。FANUC公司今年主要推出18I、16I、20I、21I系統(tǒng)，SIEMENS是840D、810D、802D均為結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊型系統(tǒng)。還有一些廠商如：臺(tái)灣精密機(jī)械研究發(fā)展中心開(kāi)發(fā)的PA8000NT系列CNC控制器，就使用了WINDOWS NC操作系統(tǒng)，和NT即時(shí)多工處理核心，單節(jié)程序處理速度達(dá)2000塊/秒，單節(jié)預(yù)讀處理數(shù)可達(dá)1000塊，具有AART（預(yù)適應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)技術(shù)）及參數(shù)最佳化學(xué)習(xí)功能，可使跟隨誤差趨近于零，軟件加工路徑濾波器可降低切削過(guò)程中，因加速度變化過(guò)大所產(chǎn)生的機(jī)械共振，從而改善表面粗糙度；配用伺服靈活，具備+、-10V類(lèi)比伺服界面，同時(shí)提供國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的SERCOS數(shù)字伺服通訊界面；PLC程序設(shè)計(jì)有梯形圖、結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)句、功能塊、指令碼、流程圖等五種語(yǔ)法，便于設(shè)計(jì)、溝通和維護(hù)；具有計(jì)算機(jī)遠(yuǎn)程通訊，即時(shí)遠(yuǎn)程維護(hù)功能；控制軸和主軸最多可擴(kuò)展到64軸，I/O點(diǎn)可擴(kuò)展到792/528點(diǎn)，采用奔騰處理器，高速PLC處理速度達(dá)到25K。
世界上除有名的SIEMENS、FANUC等數(shù)控系統(tǒng)專(zhuān)業(yè)廠已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)生產(chǎn)了許多適用于平面或成型磨削的系統(tǒng)外，一些平磨生產(chǎn)廠本身也積極開(kāi)發(fā)了適用于其磨床的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。主要有：
西門(mén)子公司的SINUMERIK 840D 系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)具有二十多根伺服軸，坐標(biāo)連續(xù)行程控制，手動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)輸入或通過(guò)外部計(jì)算機(jī)輸入，遠(yuǎn)程診斷，可隨砂輪直徑減小而變化行程，砂輪修整量自動(dòng)補(bǔ)償，滾珠絲杠間隙誤差補(bǔ)償?shù)取?
西門(mén)子3G系統(tǒng)是專(zhuān)為磨削加工而開(kāi)發(fā)的，裝有用來(lái)人機(jī)對(duì)話的操作提示裝置，在軸線傾斜時(shí)，也可進(jìn)行直線和圓弧插補(bǔ)，在磨削中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的運(yùn)行循環(huán)，如主軸擺動(dòng)，用外部信號(hào)中斷執(zhí)行程序，砂輪切入，砂輪修整等專(zhuān)用準(zhǔn)備功能，編制固定循環(huán)程序。其不僅能使用外部測(cè)量裝置（開(kāi)關(guān)信號(hào)），還能當(dāng)連接上一個(gè)合適的測(cè)量頭時(shí)能直接去控制裝置與最終尺寸進(jìn)行比較。
美國(guó)ALLEY-BRANDLY公司生產(chǎn)的8400CNC、8600CNC數(shù)控系列，適用于車(chē)床、銑床和磨床，其8400CNC最多可控制6根伺服軸，任2軸可進(jìn)行圓弧插補(bǔ)，任3軸可進(jìn)行螺旋線插補(bǔ)，6軸直線插補(bǔ)。8600CNC系列最多能控制17個(gè)坐標(biāo)，包括8個(gè)參與插補(bǔ)軸，8個(gè)位控制軸及1個(gè)主軸，具有圖形顯示，擴(kuò)展分支程序，顯示加工時(shí)間，高速程序校驗(yàn)，刀具壽命監(jiān)測(cè)等功能。
日本FANUC公司開(kāi)發(fā)了OG高速高性能數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，其中O-GSG適用于平面磨床，可根據(jù)磨削零件不同形狀，有四種不同的磨削方法，具有砂輪軸角度傾斜控制功能，荒磨、粗磨、精磨、無(wú)火花磨削一整套磨削循環(huán)，砂輪滾壓修整后位置補(bǔ)償功能，修整器相對(duì)于被修整輪法線方向控制功能，修整滾輪外緣圓弧半徑補(bǔ)償功能，砂輪形狀圖形顯示功能及磨削參數(shù)顯示等，系統(tǒng)最小設(shè)定單位0.1μm，屬"緊湊"型數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，價(jià)格較低。
??? 另外還有如德國(guó)ELB公司與大學(xué)聯(lián)合研制的UNICON系統(tǒng)。日本大隈鐵工所OSP5000G-G，OSP30-NF等自行開(kāi)發(fā)的平面和成型磨削數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，其OSP5000G-G最多可控制9個(gè)坐標(biāo)，其中6個(gè)坐標(biāo)可聯(lián)動(dòng)，帶12英寸彩顯，人機(jī)對(duì)話編程，自動(dòng)確定切削系數(shù)，可采用軟盤(pán)輸入，納入FMS系統(tǒng)，最小脈沖當(dāng)量、移動(dòng)當(dāng)量和檢測(cè)當(dāng)量均為0.1μm，平磨上還采用了感應(yīng)同步器全閉環(huán)方式。
還有的平磨制造廠雖采用數(shù)控主機(jī)廠的系統(tǒng)，但自行開(kāi)發(fā)軟件，使用之更適合平面和成型磨削，如德國(guó)JUNG公司以西門(mén)子SINUMERIK 810 為基礎(chǔ)，采用該公司專(zhuān)用軟件，用JUNG? KONTUR 編程語(yǔ)言對(duì)砂輪進(jìn)行成型修整，并有圖形輔助操作功能。日本岡本公司在FANUC公司數(shù)控系統(tǒng)硬件上，開(kāi)發(fā)了OPL語(yǔ)言用于磨削加工，等等。
當(dāng)今直線電機(jī)、動(dòng)平衡等技術(shù)、工藝的日益發(fā)展應(yīng)有，又大大提高了機(jī)床的工效，適宜的測(cè)量技術(shù)應(yīng)用對(duì)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)利用，增強(qiáng)機(jī)床的電氣自動(dòng)控制功能如虎添翼。
二、國(guó)內(nèi)數(shù)控平磨的發(fā)展
我國(guó)從80年代開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)數(shù)控平面磨床，各開(kāi)發(fā)廠家分別走過(guò)了自行研制，與大學(xué)及科研單位合作開(kāi)發(fā)至直接引進(jìn)成熟數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展道路。例如：杭州機(jī)床廠是一家具有五十年歷史，專(zhuān)業(yè)生產(chǎn)平面磨床的制造廠，它從80年代中期開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)數(shù)控平磨，先后開(kāi)發(fā)生產(chǎn)了MGK7132臥軸矩臺(tái)高精度平磨，MK7130系列普通數(shù)控平磨，MLK7140數(shù)控緩進(jìn)給成型磨，MGK7120、MK7163、MK7150臥軸矩臺(tái)數(shù)控平磨，MKY7760立軸數(shù)控雙端面磨，MKY7660、MKY7650/101臥軸數(shù)控雙端面磨，以及HZ-K1610，HZ-K2010，HZ-050 CNC，HZ-KD2010、HZ-K3015、HZ-K3020、HZ-K4020等專(zhuān)用數(shù)控龍門(mén)式平面與導(dǎo)軌磨床。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)用，有與大專(zhuān)院校及科研單位合作研制的單板機(jī)系統(tǒng)，也有自行開(kāi)發(fā)的以單片機(jī)為主機(jī)的簡(jiǎn)易控制系統(tǒng)，及采用數(shù)控主機(jī)廠生產(chǎn)的成熟數(shù)控系統(tǒng)等。
??? 其生產(chǎn)的MGK7120高精度平磨，采用了日本FANUC公司的POWER MATE-D雙軸數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，控制磨頭進(jìn)給，最小進(jìn)給量0.1μm，具有自動(dòng)完成磨削循環(huán)功能。
??? MKY7650/101全自動(dòng)數(shù)控雙端面磨床是與意大利VIOTTO公司技術(shù)合作產(chǎn)品，采用西門(mén)子SIMATIC S5-115U可編程控制器控制，CRT顯示，機(jī)床的左、右磨頭由二軸直流伺服電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)，機(jī)床能進(jìn)行手動(dòng)調(diào)整和自動(dòng)磨削循環(huán)選擇。配有意大利馬爾波斯E9型測(cè)量系統(tǒng)，二個(gè)測(cè)量頭，一個(gè)測(cè)量砂輪，將砂輪磨損量反饋給控制系統(tǒng)，進(jìn)行砂輪補(bǔ)償；另一個(gè)測(cè)量頭測(cè)量磨削后的工件，并將測(cè)量結(jié)果輸入控制系統(tǒng)，由伺服電機(jī)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償進(jìn)給；左、右磨頭用VIOTTO光柵作位置測(cè)量控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)了整機(jī)從工件上料到磨削完畢的全閉環(huán)和全自動(dòng)加工。
??? HZ-050CNC數(shù)控直線滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌專(zhuān)用磨床，是為上海市科技結(jié)合生產(chǎn)重點(diǎn)工業(yè)項(xiàng)目第三次科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目而開(kāi)發(fā)的專(zhuān)用磨床。既具有平面磨削功能又有成型磨削功能，它采用了美國(guó)A-B公司生產(chǎn)的8400MP數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，機(jī)床有7根數(shù)控軸，X、Y、Z三根磨頭進(jìn)給軸和U、V、W三根砂輪修整軸由系統(tǒng)直接控制，另一軸Q為臥式砂輪橫向進(jìn)給（磨削平面用）通過(guò)SLC可編程控制器加IMC定位模塊，由系統(tǒng)I/O口輸入8400MP主機(jī)，控制其位置，具有在磨削中連續(xù)修整砂輪或間隙式砂輪修整補(bǔ)償進(jìn)給等自動(dòng)加工能力。
??? HZ-KD2010六軸數(shù)控龍門(mén)式雙磨頭平面磨床，采用FANUC-0MC數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，用四根CNC軸分別控制兩個(gè)磨頭的橫向和垂直進(jìn)給，用一根PMC軸控制周邊磨頭的砂輪修整器金剛筆進(jìn)給，另一根PMC軸控制萬(wàn)能磨頭的分度旋轉(zhuǎn)。充分利用了系統(tǒng)性能，降低生產(chǎn)成本，提高了機(jī)床的性?xún)r(jià)比。
三、我廠數(shù)控磨床的發(fā)展展望
??? 我廠數(shù)控磨床發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在，已經(jīng)具有了相當(dāng)?shù)膶?shí)力，作為主機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠，我們的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)應(yīng)有開(kāi)發(fā)，已經(jīng)走過(guò)了從完全依賴(lài)系統(tǒng)供應(yīng)商到自己初步具有一般開(kāi)發(fā)能力的過(guò)程，但數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用尚在提高機(jī)械傳動(dòng)鏈性能、替代機(jī)械手輪、簡(jiǎn)單加工循環(huán)階段，與先進(jìn)水平相比，還有著許多差距，在機(jī)床的精度、自動(dòng)化功能、加工效率、可靠性等方面都有許多需要提高、突破的問(wèn)題，有待解決。我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該對(duì)廠目前生產(chǎn)的各類(lèi)產(chǎn)品的各種結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)品的使用工藝加以總結(jié)，分析其長(zhǎng)短得失，產(chǎn)品究競(jìng)要實(shí)現(xiàn)怎樣的自動(dòng)功能，如何逐步發(fā)展有個(gè)規(guī)劃，以利學(xué)習(xí)和工作；重視數(shù)控軟件的開(kāi)發(fā)，有條件引進(jìn)技術(shù)或外派學(xué)習(xí)，跟上發(fā)展潮流，硬件上結(jié)合市場(chǎng)需要，在產(chǎn)品制造中將新技術(shù)、新功能逐項(xiàng)實(shí)踐應(yīng)用，以縮小與世界先進(jìn)水平的差距。
??? 隨著數(shù)控系統(tǒng)性能與可靠性的提高，價(jià)格更趨合理，使數(shù)控磨床與普通磨床的比價(jià)為廣大用戶所接受，同時(shí)隨著先進(jìn)制造與自動(dòng)化技術(shù)在生產(chǎn)中的要求提高，數(shù)控磨床的使用也將越來(lái)越廣泛。數(shù)控平磨及其它磨床將向加工柔性更好的高檔磨加工中心和更加高效的專(zhuān)用數(shù)控磨床方向發(fā)展。我們相信伴隨著計(jì)算機(jī)、信息技術(shù)革命的深入，數(shù)控磨床在其智能化、系統(tǒng)信息控制等方面，將會(huì)有很大的進(jìn)步。如何緊跟歷史前進(jìn)的步伐，找到適合于我們自己特點(diǎn)的發(fā)展道路，尋找技術(shù)進(jìn)步的突破點(diǎn)，是我們工作的重點(diǎn)，因?yàn)檫@是關(guān)系到企業(yè)未來(lái)發(fā)展及生存的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。
附件2：外文原文
Digital System In The Horizontal Grinder Application of The Status Quo And Development Trend
Modern industrial production, small and large parts for the production of products of the increasing proportion of parts complexity and precision requirements rapidly increase, the traditional general machine tools has become increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of modern production, and a high-precision CNC machine tools, high-efficiency, the use of a machine can complete complex type face processing characteristics, in particular the rapid development of computer technology and the widespread use of digital systems, digital devices from almost all major software functions to achieve, almost to a hardware, thereby making it more flexible processing, functional stronger.
Manufacturing competition from lower labour costs early, product cost and improve their overall efficiency and quality of competition, to meet customer demands comprehensive, actively develop new products competitive, will face knowledge -- technical -- updated products has become shorter and shorter, an increasing number of small products, and the quality, performance requirements are higher, Meanwhile community to environmental protection, the growing awareness of green manufacturing. Therefore advanced manufacturing technology will be quickly won the competition and survival of the enterprise, the principal means of development. Computer information technology and manufacturing automation technology more closely integrated, flexible production automation as an important foundation for digital machine in the production of machine tools to share more. First, digital Ping finds the status quo and digital systems primaril.
First, digital Ping finds the status quo and digital systems primarily.
Horizontal grinder compared to the lathe, milling machine, using digital systems later, the special requirements because of its digital systems. In the past decade, with the technical facility, grinder, the grinding wheel for repair, automatic compensation, automatic exchange grinding wheel, and more workstations, such as automatic transmission and Zhuangjia working inoperable realized, and digital technology in the horizontal grinder, gradually spread. In recent Hanover, Tokyo, Chicago, and other large domestic machine tool exhibition, CNC grinder throughout the grinder, for the majority of the exhibits, such as Germany Blohm company ELB companies such famous grinder factories no longer produce ordinary grinder Japanese Forces, Japan, the company also Hing bulk production facility-wide functional ping himself. in the development of high-grade digital ping himself while actively developing, low digital ping himself.
German production company a few years ago ELB brilliant series two coordinates facility shaped grinder, the vertical and horizontal axis for digital, vertical for hydraulic control, grinding wheel repair work platform installed in a roller diamonds, the application of broader; SUPER-BRILLIANT series is one-dimensional and shaped grinder Sanzuobiao facility, the beds are manufactured using natural granite, high geometric accuracy, slide away from straight rolling guide, driving without recoiling machinery, thus ensuring a better working surface smoothness; BRILLIANT-FUTURE series of improvements to the above two products, using artificial granite bed was produced by static pressure vertical guide, Chixing belt transmission, vertical and horizontal guide for pre reinforced straight rolling guide, Gunzhusigang transmission, three-axis CNC control AC servo electrical, measuring 0.5 m 16ug image. ELB company has also developed the latest technology grinder contemporary products, and integration with computer and technology-based series of soft skills CAM-MASTER processing modules CAD-MASTER series and COMPACT-MASTER series grinding processing center, a maximum of up to 24 axis control axis, As the full implementation of modular design and manufacture of dedicated grinder cycle shortened ELB company has also developed a variety of highly efficient dedicated grinder, such as SFVG100/2 dedicated grinder, which will tilt Motou, continuous improvements, to ease into, ramps while grinding function with 11 root axis CNC control, as one finds processing center. British and American companies JONES&SHIPMAN A-B company developed A-B8600 digital systems for digital FORMAT5 type ping himself from the facility hydraulic control valves, driven vertical movement can be governor, to the use of horizontal and Motou into Gunzhusigang deputy, Electrical DC servo-driven, intermittent style grinding wheel repair, CRT graphics simulation showed. Also be used with other types of digital systems to meet different user requirements.
Currently, the semiconductor master degrees continual increase in the newly introduced system in the appearance of smaller, more compact structure, functions increased distance communications, remote diagnosis, multiple plane networking etc.; Interface to the Windows operating system to increase the mouse, remote operation of vehicles. Fanuc major company this year launched 18I, 16I, 20I, 21I system Siemens is 840D, 810D, 802D are tight structure type system. There are a number of manufacturers such as : Taiwan Precision Machinery Research and Development Center developed PA8000NT series CNC controls on the use of the Windows operating system of NC, and NT immediate multi-processing core, single-section procedures for processing speed 2,000 pieces / s, single-section pre-1000 time to deal with a few pieces, with Aart (pre-adaptation technologies) and the parameters of the best learning function would follow error convergence to zero, the software processing path filter to reduce machining process generated by the acceleration changes excessive mechanical resonance, thereby improving surface roughness; with the use of servo flexible, with +, -10V analogy servo interface It also provides international standards SERCOS digital servo communications interface design Tixingtu ;PLC procedures, structure expressions, functional pieces, instructions code, flowcharts, five grammar, facilitate design, communication and maintenance; long-range communications with the computer, instant remote maintenance functions; control can be extended to a maximum axle and spindle axis 64. I/O points which can be expanded to 792/528 point, the introduction of Pentium processors, high-speed Plc processing speed to 25K.
Apart from the world famous Siemens, Fanuc digital systems, such as professional development and production of the plant has been applied to many horizontal or shaped grinding system, a number of production plants Ping finds itself actively developed application in the digital grinder system. Notably : Siemens SINUMERIK 840D of the system, the system has more than 20 roots servo axis, the coordinates for the trip control, manual data entry or imported through external computer, remote diagnosis may reduce the grinding wheel diameter change itinerary, grinding wheel repair of automatic compensation Gunzhusigang gap error compensation. Siemens 3G system is specifically for grinding and processing development, for both dialogue with the presentation devices operate in axis tilt, can also be straight and arc widely in grinding, recurring operational cycle, such as the main axis swing, and use external signal interruption implementation procedures, grinding wheel cut, grinding wheel repair, and other special functions for the preparation of a fixed cycle procedures. Not only can use its external measurement devices (switches signal), but when connected to a suitable time to first measurement and control devices directly to the ultimate size comparison.
American companies ALLEY-BRANDLY production 8400CNC, 8600CNC digital series apply lathe, milling machine and grinder, 8400CNC up to 6 roots servo axis control, the Section 2 axle may drain, the three axis may helix spaced, six axle straight drain. 8600CNC series of coordinates to control 17, including eight in the drain axle, eight spaces control axle and one allegation that a graphic shown that the expansion of branch procedures that processing time, high-speed access procedures, cutlery life monitoring function.
Japanese companies developed FANUC OG high-speed high-performance digital systems, which O-GSG applicable to horizontal grinder, the grinding parts under different shapes, four different methods of grinding, a grinding wheel axle angle control function shortage grinding, Cumo, Jingmo, no spark grinding a grinding cycle of grinding wheel flow position after finishing compensation function, Compared to repair vehicles were repaired round normal line direction control functions roller outer arc radius compensation for the rehabilitation of the functional, grinding wheel shape graphics and grinding parameters show that the functional, system smallest unit set 0.1 16ug m, a "tight" - type digital systems, lower prices.
There are also companies such as Germany and the University jointly developed by ELB UNICON system. Japanese big cove ironworker OSP5000G-G,OSP30-NF such as self-development and shaped grinding digital print system, the maximum control OSP5000G-G nine coordinates, which can be linked six coordinates, a 12-inch hall, interactive programming, automatic identification of cutting factor used diskettes imported, into automated systems, the smallest pulse equivalent, the mobile equivalent and testing equivalent 16ug are 0.1 m, Ping himself also used simultaneously by the entire loop detectors.
Although there is the ping himself factory using digital Zhujichang system, but self-development of software, use it more suitable for horizontal and shaped grinding, such as German company Siemens SINUMERIK 810 Jung based, the company specialized software used by Jung Kontur programming language for a shaped grinding wheel repair, and graphics supporting operational functions. Japan sincerely companies in Fanuc digital systems hardware companies, the OPL development language for grinding processing, and so on. The linear electrical, balance, technology, the growing due process, and greatly enhance the efficacy of machine tools, the application of appropriate measurement techniques for the development and use of digital systems, machine tools and electrical automatic control functions to redouble their might.
Second, the development of domestic digital Ping finds.
Since the start of production digital horizontal grinder 1980s, the development of the manufacturers have developed separately, the development of cooperation with universities and research units direct to introduce mature digital systems development. For example : Hangzhou Machine Tool Plant is a history of 50 years of professional graphic grinder of factory production, which began production in the mid-1980s from digital ping himself, has developed a production MGK7132 straight axle rule Taiwan high-precision ping himself, MK7130 series ordinary digital ping himself, MLK7140 digital relief to shape himself into, MGK7120, MK7163, MK7150 straight axle rule Taiwan digital ping himself, MKY7760 vertical shaft digital double carry noodles himself, MKY7660, MKY7650/101 straight axle digital double carry noodles himself, and HZ-K1610,HZ-K2010,HZ-050 CNC,HZ-KD2010, HZ-K3015, HZ-K3020, such as dedicated digital Dragon Gate Type HZ-K4020 horizontal grinder and guide. The development and application of digital systems, developed in cooperation with universities and scientific research units in the Shanbanji system, but also for self-development to the mainframe Chanpianji the simple control system, and the use of digital Zhujichang mature digital production system.
Ping finds its production MGK7120 high-precision, the company introduced Japan Fanuc MATE-D purchased digital recording system to control Motou chin, chin to the smallest volume 0.1 16ug m, a complete automatic grinding cycle functions.
MKY7650/101 carry noodles grinder is fully automatic digital double technical cooperation with the Italian company Viotto products using Siemens Simatic S5-115U programmable controller control CRT display, machine tools left, right Motou driven by the two axis DC servo electrical, machine tools capable of manual and automatic grinding cycle of adjustment options. Equipped with Italian Maerbosi E9-measurement systems, the first two measurements, a measurement grinding wheel, grinding wheel wear and tear of feedback to the control system, Abrasive Wheels compensation; Another measure after her first measurements grinding, and measurements of the control system into the servo compensation for electrical; Left and right Motou used for position measurement Viotto raster control, Having achieved a whole sets from the expected completion of the entire loop grinding and fully automatic processing.
HZ-050CNC digital linear rolling guide dedicated grinder is the Shanghai Science and Technology for the production of key industrial projects in the third research and development project dedicated grinder. Both functional and shaped grinding flat grinding function, and it has adopted the U.S. company A-B 8400MP digital production system, a seven-kan digital axis machine tools, X, Y, Z into three roots Motou to axle and U, V, W 3 root grinding wheel repair axle direct control by the system, Another Q for the horizontal grinding wheel horizontal axis into the (one-dimensional with grinding) through SLC programmable controller plus wife positioning module, the mainframe system I/O imported 8400MP control its position, with continuous improvements in the grinding, grinding wheel or gap-type grinding wheel to repair such automatic processing into compensation.
HZ-KD2010 six-axle double-Motou Dragon Gate digital graphic grinder, using FANUC-0MC digital systems, using four roots CNC axis control two separate horizontal and vertical into Motou to use a PMC peripheral Motou control of the grinding wheel axle repair vehicles lords-chin to the other roots PMC axis control Almighty Motou sub-degree rotation. Take full advantage of the system performance, reduce production costs and enhance the Xingjiabi of machine tools.
Third, I look at the development of digital grinder.
I plant digital grinder development to the present, already has considerable strength as mainframe production plant, our digital systems have developed have come from totally dependent on the system vendor to its initial capacity of a gener