高中英語 寫作園地5 正反觀點(diǎn)類議論文寫作 外研版選修61

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寫作園地 正反觀點(diǎn)類議論文寫作 [感悟范文] 假如你是Tom，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)表格中的信息，給一家英文報(bào)社編輯寫一封信，告訴他你們班同學(xué)對(duì)克隆的不同觀點(diǎn)，并表達(dá)自己的看法。 詞數(shù)：120～150。 [范文] ①Recently in my class, there is a heated debate about “To clone or not to clone”． ②The students for cloning say that cloning can help the wildlife in danger, so we can have more and more wildlife in the world. ③Moreover, it can help the old and the sick. ④For example, some cloned organs can be transplanted in their bodies. ⑤However, the students against it say that cloning can speed up the rate of growing old and death. ⑥Whats worse, cloning can make our society confused. ⑦There would be two or more of you, two or more of your parents and so on. ⑧In my opinion, cloning is a new technology, so scientists should do their best to make full use of it to help human beings. [技法討論] 正反觀點(diǎn)類議論文通常給出圖表或提綱，學(xué)生需將所給的信息表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確、完整、無遺漏，然后按照要求闡述自己的看法。 正反觀點(diǎn)類議論文寫作一直是高考寫作常考的體裁。此類文章一般結(jié)構(gòu)如下： 1．開頭 提出一種論點(diǎn)或一個(gè)問題。 2．主體 論點(diǎn)提出后，我們就要根據(jù)漢語提示部分提供的事實(shí)，擺出正反雙方的論據(jù)進(jìn)行分析、論證，使論點(diǎn)得到足夠的支持。因此，正反雙方時(shí)常用Some...however( while, but) some...；引入論據(jù)時(shí)常用表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的過渡詞besides, also, even, whats more, too, in addition等，也用表示列舉的firstly, secondly, thirdly, on the one hand, on the other hand等。 3．結(jié)尾 對(duì)正反雙方的觀點(diǎn)及理由進(jìn)行陳述后，在結(jié)尾部分我們就要得出結(jié)論并發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。這部分常用的詞語有：It is my opinion that..., in my opinion, in a word, as has been said, finally, therefore等。 黃金表達(dá) Different people hold different opinions. Opinions are divided. People have taken different attitudes towards... People have different opinions on this problem. It is often said that... With regard to..., quite a few people argue that..., but other people think differently. Some of them hold the opinion that... However, each coin has two sides. In my opinion, this point of view doesnt hold water. I fully agree with... As far as Im concerned, I believe that... 亮點(diǎn)分析： 亮點(diǎn)一：②⑤句中the students for/against cloning say that...是陳述討論雙方觀點(diǎn)的典型句式。 亮點(diǎn)二：②③④⑥句中的more and more, moreover, for example, whats worse等句式或詞匯的運(yùn)用非常靈活，增強(qiáng)了各方的論證力度，使行文更加流暢。 亮點(diǎn)三：⑤句中的however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，鮮明地表示出雙方的不同觀點(diǎn)。 亮點(diǎn)四：⑧句中in my opinion也是表達(dá)個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的常用短語。 另外，文中的cloned organs, speed up the rate of, make full use of也彰顯了作者扎實(shí)的英語功底。 [類文演練] 克隆人這一話題在世界上引起了激烈的爭(zhēng)論。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，用英語寫一篇題為On Human Cloning，詞數(shù)為120左右的短文。短文的開頭已為你寫好。 參考詞匯：干擾：interfere with　干細(xì)胞：stem cells [聯(lián)想詞匯] 1. ________ 科學(xué)突破 答案：scientific breakthrough 2. ________ nature 干擾自然 答案：interfere with 3. ________ 依我看 答案：in my opinion 4. ________ 聚焦于；重點(diǎn)放在…… 答案：focus on [連詞成句] 1. ①Human cloning has caused ________. ②There are different opinions among people ________ human cloning. 克隆人這一話題在世界上引起了激烈的爭(zhēng)論。 答案：①much debate/hot discussion　②as to/about 2. ①Some people suggest...Others, however, ________. ②Some people argue that... Others, ________， believe that... ③Some people believe...________ others think... ④On one hand, people tend to...________， they feel... 一些人認(rèn)為……；而另一些人認(rèn)為……。 答案：①hold the opposite opinion?、趇n contrast ③while　④On the other hand 3. ①It is also good news for those_________________________. ②People who cant have babies ________the news. 對(duì)于那些沒孩子的人來說也是個(gè)好消息。 答案：①who cannot have babies　②will be glad to hear 4. ①If we ________/go against nature, we might create problems. ②In order ________ problems, we shouldnt interfere with nature. 如果我們干擾自然會(huì)造成許多麻煩。 答案：①interfere with?、趎ot to create/bring about [連句成章] _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： On Human Cloning Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells. However, human cloning has caused much debate. Some believe it is a wonderful scientific breakthrough. It could produce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human lives. And it is also good news for those who cannot have babies, while others think cloning humans is totally immoral and against nature, and should be made illegal. We have no right to experiment with human life. If we interfere with nature, we might create problems. Some day, we could produce a superhuman race that could replace us. In my opinion, cloning is really a wonderful scientific breakthrough. We should focus our efforts on cloning animals and stem cells to be used in medical research. Only in this way can we make it beneficial to mankind.