高中英語總復(fù)習(xí) part1 M3Unit 3　Back to the past課件 牛津譯林版 新課標(biāo)

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1、【1】辨析remain, stay(1) remain與stay表示“留下，繼續(xù)保持某一狀態(tài)”時(shí)，常作連系動(dòng)詞，可以互換，其后接名詞、形容詞、介詞短語等作表語。He stayed/remained outside while we entered the room.他留在外面，我們進(jìn)了屋子。(2) 當(dāng)表示“剩下”(即其余的一切都被拿走、除去、破壞等)，通常只用remain而不用stay。What remains of the original art collection is now in the city museum.原來的藝術(shù)收藏品剩下來的現(xiàn)在都在市博物館里。(3) 當(dāng)表示“在某處或在

2、某處住下”時(shí)，常用stay而不用remain。He wants to stay with a friend in the country for a week.他想和一個(gè)朋友在鄉(xiāng)下待一個(gè)星期。remaining adj. 剩下的Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A. seated B. seatingC. to seat D. seatA句意：女士們，先生們，請(qǐng)?jiān)陲w機(jī)完全停下來之后再離開座位?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞作表語。remain“仍然是，保持不變”，是連系動(dòng)詞，后接不

3、定式表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；seat是及物動(dòng)詞，“使某人就座”為seat oneself，故用過去分詞作表語?！?】 protect vt. 保護(hù)，from后接能帶來傷害或損害之物。其常用句型為：protectfrom/againstHe wore a pair of sunglasses to protect his eyes from/against strong light.他戴上太陽鏡以保護(hù)他的眼睛不受強(qiáng)光影響。protection n. 保護(hù)Remember to bring clothes that provide adequate protection against the win

4、d and rain.記住要帶上足以防風(fēng)雨的衣服。Each company is fighting _.每家公司都在奮力保護(hù)自己的商業(yè)利益。Troops have been sent to _.已經(jīng)派出部隊(duì)保護(hù)救援人員免遭襲擊。to protect its own commercial interestsprotect aid workers against attack 【3】 influence v&n. 影響，感化Dont let me influence your decision.不要讓我影響你的決定。Listening to the music has a calming infl

5、uence on her.聽音樂對(duì)她起了一種鎮(zhèn)靜的作用。The team consists of four Europeans and two Americans.這支隊(duì)伍由4名歐洲人和2名美國人組成。For her, happiness consists in watching television and reading magazines.對(duì)她而言，幸福在于看看電視和讀讀雜志。Theory should consist with practice.理論應(yīng)當(dāng)與實(shí)踐相一致。have a good/badinfluence on/upon/over 對(duì)有好的/壞的影響under the inf

6、luence of 受的影響influence sb. (to do sth.) 支配/左右某人做某事表示“對(duì)有影響”還可以用：affect； haveeffect on/upon但要注意，強(qiáng)調(diào)“因果關(guān)系”時(shí)，用cause and effect。What exactly is _？電視對(duì)兒童究竟有什么影響？Those friends _.那些朋友對(duì)她有負(fù)面的影響。His writings _.他的作品影響了千百萬人的一生。the influence of television on childrenhave a bad influence on herhave influenced the l

7、ives of millions【1】 be in use (機(jī)器、場(chǎng)所等)在使用中Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in use.因受到嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞，這座橋不再使用了。The new version of this dictionary is not in use yet.這本字典的新版本還未通行。come into use 開始存在；開始被使用be no use (to sb.)/be of no use無用put sth. to good use 有效使用/利用make use of 利用be out of use 不再使用，廢棄不用in

8、turn 輪流地，反過來in vain 徒勞無功地in addition 除此之外in return 作為回報(bào)The library of our school, which contains books of all kinds from home and abroad, _ for almost 100 years.A. is in use B. has been in useC. in for use D. has been for useB表示“在使用中”用be in use, 根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語for almost 100 years, 可知需要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)?！?】 take ov

9、er 接管，接替，接任Mr. Collins will take over my duties for a week after I leave.在我離開后柯林斯先生將接替我的工作一個(gè)星期。take a chance 碰運(yùn)氣take a seat 坐下take account of 考慮，重視take apart 拆開takeas把當(dāng)作takeby surprise 出其不意take care 當(dāng)心，注意take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，掌管take down 記下take effect 見效takefor example 以為例take hold of 抓住be taken in 被欺騙t

10、ake interest in 對(duì)感興趣take notice of 注意take a day off 休假一天take ones time 從容行事take out 取出；擦掉take over 接管take part in 參加take pride in 以為自豪take the lead 帶頭take the place of 代替take place 發(fā)生take turns 輪流take after 相似take down 拆掉；拆除；寫下；記錄take off 脫去(衣服)；起飛；(理念，產(chǎn)品等)成功take on 承擔(dān)(工作、責(zé)任等)；呈現(xiàn)；雇傭，聘用take up 開始從事(某

11、工作)；占(時(shí)間、場(chǎng)所等)take in 吸收；理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)；欺騙take back 收回；退回(事物)take away 使消失；取走take for 誤認(rèn)為，以為takefor granted 習(xí)以為常Einstein liked Boses paper so much that he _ his own work and translated it into German.A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D. set aside用介詞或副詞填空Now Ill give you some tablets to take _ the pain.T

12、he policeman took _ all particulars of the accident.Take your coat _ and sit down.Now his hair has taken _ a healthy shine.So many young men want to take _ writing.D句意：Einstein非常喜歡Bose的論文，便把自己的工作置于一旁，把論文翻譯成德語?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。A發(fā)出；B拒絕，調(diào)低；C接管；D不顧，把置于一旁。根據(jù)句意選D。awaydownoffonup【3】turn to 變成(turn into)；轉(zhuǎn)向；翻到；求助于T

13、heir amusement turned to horror when they realized what had happened.當(dāng)他們意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么事情時(shí)，他們的愉悅變成了恐慌。The girl always turns to her mother when in trouble.這個(gè)女孩遇到困境時(shí)，總是向她媽媽求助。turn up 出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大turn down 關(guān)小，拒絕turn away 拒絕，避開，走開，轉(zhuǎn)身turn in 上交，退還，向內(nèi)拐turn out 結(jié)果是，制造，向外，驅(qū)逐turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)，仔細(xì)考慮，移交turn against 背叛，違反，翻臉turn b

14、ack 往回走，翻起，折轉(zhuǎn)turn around/round 轉(zhuǎn)身turn a blind eye to 對(duì)熟視無睹turn a deaf ear to 置若罔聞turning point 轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)向處 What are you reading, Tom? Im not really reading, just _ the pages.A. turning off B. turning aroundC. turning over D. turning upC句意：湯姆，你在讀什么？我沒在真正地讀，只是在隨便翻翻?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。A關(guān)掉；B轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)身；C翻轉(zhuǎn)，翻身，翻閱；D出現(xiàn)，開大音量。根

15、據(jù)句意選C?！?】 be off to 前往They were off to Italy ( leaving for Italy) and wanted to make an early start.他們將前往意大利，并且想要早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。go off 走開；開火，爆炸，熄滅，中斷set off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，引起，使發(fā)生get off 離開，發(fā)出，(使)入睡，匆匆脫下call off 把叫走，取消，轉(zhuǎn)移give off 發(fā)出(光、氣體等)，放出show off 炫耀break off 中斷，停止，斷交，脫離Suddenly the light _.突然燈熄滅了。We _ London just a

16、fter ten.剛過10點(diǎn)，我們就動(dòng)身去倫敦了。They _ their engagement.他們已經(jīng)解除婚約。went offset offhave called off【5】 run through 跑著穿過；(使)在流過；反復(fù)練習(xí)，復(fù)習(xí)；匆匆閱讀，貫穿于之中；揮霍Run through your notes before class.上課前把筆記復(fù)習(xí)一下。This theme runs through the whole book.該主題貫穿全書。The heir has soon run through his fortune.那個(gè)繼承人很快就把財(cái)產(chǎn)揮霍完了。get through

17、 完成，到達(dá)，接通電話，結(jié)束，及格go through 檢查，審查，搜查，完成，遭受，經(jīng)受，經(jīng)歷，穿過，通過see through 看破，看穿look through 瀏覽，快速查看live through 度過，經(jīng)歷過The girl is working very hard, expecting to _ the test.A. get through B. see throughC. look through D. run throughA句意：這女孩正在努力學(xué)習(xí)，希望通過考試。A通過，及格；B看穿；C瀏覽；D流過，貫穿。根據(jù)句意選A 【6】 prevent sb. from doing

18、 sth.( stop/keep sb. from doing sth. )防止/阻止某人做 在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，prevent/stop sb. from doing 中的from 可以省略，但是在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不可以省。keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)中都不能省，因?yàn)閗eep sb. doing 意為“使某人不停地做某事”。The heavy rain prevented/stopped her (from) going out. The heavy rain kept her from going out.She was prevented from g

19、oing out by the heavy rain.大雨阻止了她出去。As citizens, we should do what we can to prevent our river _.A. from polluted B. from pollutingC. polluting D. being pollutedD句意：作為市民，我們應(yīng)該盡力防止我們的河流被污染。A中from后要加being才對(duì)。“河流被污染”表被動(dòng)，故選D?！?】 By 27 BC, Rome had become an empire, which controlled many parts of Europe.到公

20、元前27年，羅馬已經(jīng)成為帝國，控制了歐洲的許多地區(qū)。句子中有by 過去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語或by the time 過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞使用過去完成時(shí)。By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.到愛因斯坦14歲時(shí)，他已經(jīng)自學(xué)了高等數(shù)學(xué)。When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we _ up, her voice had been full of life.A. were hanging B. had hungC. hung D. would hang C句意：當(dāng)我與奶奶在電話中交談時(shí)，她的聲音聽起來很虛弱，但到我們掛斷電話時(shí)，她的聲音已經(jīng)充滿了活力?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。據(jù)題干her voice had been full of life為過去的過去，因此我們掛斷電話為過去的動(dòng)作。by the time 一般過去時(shí)的從句，主句用過去完成時(shí)，表示“到時(shí)候?yàn)橹梗呀?jīng)”。