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1、第二部分第二部分 專項語法專項語法 高效突破高效突破專項專項 7 7 形容詞形容詞高頻考點高頻考點精講精講考點考點1 1 形容詞詞義辨析形容詞詞義辨析1.1.安徽中考?？夹稳菰~安徽中考常考形容詞( (按字母音序列舉按字母音序列舉)(8)(8年年3939考考) )active活躍的(2017.40)afraid害怕的，畏懼的alive 活著的(2009.58)angry 生氣的available 可獲得的(2009.35)brave 勇敢的(2016.65) bright 明亮的(2012.67)busy 忙碌的(2012.68，2011.53)careful仔細的cheap便宜的comfort
2、able舒適的cold冷的(2017.49)common普通的，常見的(2012.53)cool妙極的，酷的crazy瘋狂的deep深的(2010.51)different 不同的(2013.68)difficult 困難的(2017.46)encouraging鼓舞人心的(2010.60)excellent優(yōu)秀的exciting使人激動的 fair公正的，公平free免費的，空閑的funny有趣的，滑稽的heavy重的friendly友好的hard困難的healthy健康的(2017.56)honest誠實的important 重要的(2012.70，2009.62)impossible 不
3、可能的(2011.56)interesting有趣的light輕的long長的(2013.62)loud響亮的，大聲的lovely可愛的early早的(2013.45)easy簡單的(2014.31，2012.52)empty空的low低的more 更多的(2012.32)necessary必要的(2010.48)noisy吵鬧的past過去的patient耐心的(2016.39)pleasant愉快的polite禮貌的poor貧窮的(2017.48)popular流行的(2015.41)possible可能的present 現(xiàn)在的(2009.60)proud自豪的(2011.32)quiet
4、安靜的rainy下雨的(2012.59)repeated重復(fù)的(2009.61)same相同的(2017.52)serious嚴肅的 similar相似的simple簡單的(2011.59)single單一的，單個的(2013.58)sleepy睡著的special 特別的(2013.41，2010.64)strange奇怪的(2013.56) strong強烈的，強壯的successful成功的unfair不公平的useful有用的warm溫暖的wrong錯誤的weak虛弱的wise 明智的(2017.91)young年輕的(2017.61，2015.48) 2 2可與可與feelfeel搭
5、配的情感、情緒類形容詞搭配的情感、情緒類形容詞bored厭煩的 excited興奮的fantastic極好的(2012.38)happy快樂的 interested感興趣的lonely孤獨的nervous緊張的relaxed 放松的(2009.65)sad悲傷的(2015.63)strange奇怪的terrible糟糕的tired疲憊的 3 3以以- -fulful結(jié)尾的形容詞結(jié)尾的形容詞beautiful美麗的careful仔細的，小心的harmful有害的helpful有幫助的(2014.60)peaceful和平的，安寧的successful成功的thankful感激的truthful誠
6、實的 useful有用的wonderful精彩的grateful感恩的powerful強大的 4 4可以構(gòu)成可以構(gòu)成“be“beadj.adj.for / of / with”for / of / with”結(jié)構(gòu)的形結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞容詞be bad for對有壞處 be eager for渴望be easy for對是容易的be famous for因而出名be good for對有好處be sorry for 為感到抱歉be thirsty for 渴望be afraid of 害怕be careful對小心be certain of 對確信be fond of 喜歡be proud of 為感
7、到自豪(2016.56，2015.50)be short of 短缺be sure of對有把握be tired of對感到厭倦be angry with 對生氣be busy with忙于be filled with充滿be patient with對容忍的，對有耐心be pleased with對感到滿意(2014.64 )be strict with 對嚴厲 5 5形容詞的常用句型形容詞的常用句型 (1)“Itsadj.of sb.to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是的”，此句中的形容通常用描述行為者性格、品質(zhì)等的形容詞，如good，kind，nice，polite，clever，c
8、areful，careless 等。如：Its very kind of you to help me.You are very kind to help me.你能幫我真好。 (2)“Itsadj.for sb.to do sth.”表示“做某事對某人來說”。這一句型中常用的形容詞有：important，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，interesting 等。如：Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.To learn a foreign language is not eas
9、y for them.對他們來說學(xué)習(xí)一門外語不容易。 6 6- -inging形容詞和形容詞和- -eded形容詞形容詞 -ing形容詞表示主動意義，多指事物對人的影響，一般修飾事物；-ed形容詞表示被動意義，多指人對事物的感受，常用于“sbbe-ed形容詞介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句interesting有趣的interested感興趣的I have an interesting book.我有一本有趣的書。He is interested in music.他對音樂感興趣。exciting令人興奮的excited感到興奮地Have you heard of the excit
10、ing news？你聽說這個令人興奮的消息了嗎？We are excited about the traveling.我們對這次旅行感到很興奮。pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到愉快 / 滿意的This is a pleasing trip.這是一次愉快的旅行。The teacher is pleased with our performance.老師對我們的表現(xiàn)很滿意。relaxing令人放松的relaxed感到放松的The song is very relaxing.這首歌令人放松。We feel relaxed at the beach.在沙灘上我們感覺很放松。moving令人
11、感動的moved受感動的Titanic is a moving movie.泰坦尼克號是一部感人的電影。We are moved by the story.我們被這個故事感動了。fascinating迷人的fascinated著迷的What a fascinating voice！多么好聽的聲音！Many boys are fascinated by computer games.很多男孩對電腦游戲著迷。 7 7常見形容詞詞義辨析常見形容詞詞義辨析 (1)alive，live，living與lively 見第19講高頻考點精講考點3 (2)alone與lonely見第12講高頻考點精講考點5
12、(3)big，large，great與hugebig可以指程度、體積、重量等方面，使用最廣，常用于口語中The box is too big to carry.這個盒子太大，拿不了。large側(cè)重指面積、體積和數(shù)量等。比較正式，不常用來指人。表示物時，可與big通用A large number of people came from all parts of the country to see the exhibition.從全國各地來了很多人觀看展覽。great側(cè)重于形容抽象化的東西，常帶有主觀色彩。也可以修飾人或物，指人時，表示“偉大的，杰出的”Great changes have ta
13、ken place in our country in recent years.近幾年來，我們國家發(fā)生了很大變化。huge強調(diào)尺寸、體積、容量“巨大的”，指體積時，比large，great所指的體積大，但不強調(diào)重量There is a huge stone over there.那邊有一塊巨大的石頭。 (4)fine，good，nice，excellent與wellfine多用來表示“(身體)健康 的 ” ， 還 可 以 表 示“(天氣)晴朗的”How are you？你好嗎？Im fine，thank you.我很好，謝謝你。It is a fine day today.今天是個好天氣。g
14、ood可以指人的品質(zhì)好或產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量好等Jim is a good student.吉姆是個好學(xué)生。nice往往帶一定的感情色彩，強 調(diào) 人 的 感 覺 ， 含 有“美好的，美味的，漂亮的”等意思Its very nice of you.你真是太好了。excellent通常指“極好的，優(yōu)秀的，卓越的”He is an excellent swimmer.他是一名優(yōu)秀的游泳運動員。well作形容詞時，意為“(身體)健康的”；還可作副詞，意為“(做得)好”，修飾動詞Im quite well.我很健康。 (5)high與tall (6)ill與sickhigh用于形容山脈、建筑物以及不與地面接觸的人或
15、動物；還有“高等的，高級的”之意The plane is so high in the sky.飛機在空中這么高。tall 用于形容人、動物或樹木的高You are not as tall as he.你沒有他高。ill作“生病的”講時，只作表語He was ill last month.上個月他生病了。sick作“生病的”講時，既可作表語也可作定語She is looking after her sick father.她在照顧她生病的父親。 (7)pleased，pleasant與pleasurepleased形容詞，只作表語，主語是人，常用于be pleased with中He does
16、nt mind.In fact，he is even pleased.他不介意，事實上，他很樂意。pleasant形容詞，作表語時，主語為物；作定語時，修飾人或物Wish you a pleasant stay here！希望你在這里過得愉快！pleasure名詞，意思是“愉快，高興”Its my pleasure to meet you.認識你是我的榮幸。 (8)a few，few與a little，little a few后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 意為“有一些”。表肯定推測You look sad，Kate.你看起來很傷心，凱特。Yeah，I have made a few mistakes in
17、 my report.是的，我在報告中犯了一些錯誤。 few意為“幾乎沒有”表否定推測Several years ago few people knew Zhang Jie，but now he is famous in China.幾年前，很少有人認識張杰，但現(xiàn)在他在中國很有名。 a little 后接不可數(shù)名詞 意為“有一點”，表肯定推測We need some more coffee.There is only a little left.我們還需要一些咖啡。只剩下一點點了。little意為“幾乎沒有”，表否定推測There is little milk in the fridge.Ca
18、n you go and buy some？冰箱里幾乎沒有牛奶了。你能去買一些嗎？考點考點2 2 形容詞的用法形容詞的用法1.形容詞語法功能功能例句特例定語She is a beautiful girl.她是一個美麗的女孩。1.只作表語，不作定語的形容詞：alone，afraid，asleep，i l l ， a w a k e 等 ；2只作定語，不作表 語 的 形 容 詞 ：little，many，wooden，golden等。表語T h e m e a l i s v e r y delicious.這頓飯很美味。賓語補足語Y o u m u s t k e e p t h e class
19、room clean.你必須保持教室清潔。注意：注意：多個形容詞作前置定語修飾一個名詞時，應(yīng)遵循以下順序：描述性形容詞形狀新舊(年齡)顏色地區(qū)(產(chǎn)地)材料用途名詞(描、形、年、顏、地、材、途)。如：Its a nice big old black Chinese wooden writing desk.它是一張又好又大的陳舊的中國木質(zhì)書桌。2常見形容詞后綴-y后綴cloudcloudy；windwindy；sunsunny；funfunny；lucklucky；noisenoisy；sleepsleepy；healthhealthy -ly后綴 friendfriendly；lovelovel
20、y；livelively；weekweekly；daydaily -ful后綴c a r e c a r e f u l ； u s e u s e f u l ；beautybeautiful-al后綴e d u c a t i o n e d u c a t i o n a l ；p e r s o n p e r s o n a l ；traditiontraditional；centercentral；musicmusical；medicine medical；naturenatural否定后綴-less carecareless；homehomeless -en后綴woodwoode
21、n；goldgolden修飾事物的后綴-inge x c i t e e x c i t i n g ；i n t e r e s t i n t e r e s t i n g ；surprisesurprising；amazeamazing修飾人的后綴-ed excite excited；interestinterested；surprisesurprised；amazeamazed表示方位后綴-ernwestwestern；easteastern；southsouthern；northnorthern表示大洲和國家的后綴-nAsiaAsian；AmericaAmerican；Russia
22、Russian；AfricaAfrican 3常見形容詞前綴否定前綴un-luckyunlucky；fairunfair；usualunusual；happyunhappy否定前綴dis-honestdishonest否定前綴im- politeimpolite；possibleimpossible考點考點3 3 形容詞的比較等級形容詞的比較等級 1.形容詞的比較等級的構(gòu)成 情況變化規(guī)則例詞規(guī)則變化 大多數(shù)情況直接加-er和-esttalltallertallest；longlongerlongest以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾在詞尾直接加-r和-stnicenicernicest；largelarg
23、erlargest 以輔音字母y結(jié)尾把y變?yōu)閕，再加-er和-estheavyheavierheaviest；easyeasiereasiest重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-er和-est bigbiggerbiggest；thinthinnerthinnest；hothotterhottest 多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在原級前加more和most(表示否定加less或 least)beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulimportantmore importantmost important不規(guī)則變化goodbetterbest；m
24、uch / manymoremost；bad / illworseworst；farfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest；oldolder / elderoldest / eldest；littlelessleast 級別用法例句 比較級 A和B兩者相比較結(jié)構(gòu)ABAbe形容詞比較級thanBWho / Whichbe形容詞比較級，A or B?由表示程度的副詞 a little，a bit，a few，a lot，much，even，still，far，rather，any等修飾形容詞時，該形容詞可以用比較級Tokyo is bigger than New
25、York.東京比紐約大。Who is taller，Li Lei or Wang Jun？李雷和王軍誰高？Which is more interesting，this book or that one？這本書和那本書哪一個比較有趣？This kind of watch is much cheaper today than last month.現(xiàn)在這款手表比上個月便宜多了。 2形容詞比較等級的用法 (1)形容詞比較等級的基本用法級別用法例句 比較級 A和B兩者相比較結(jié)構(gòu)ABAbeas形容詞原級asBWang Jun is as tall as Li Lei.王軍和李雷一樣高。ABA(否定)be
26、as / so形容詞原級asBAbeless原級thanBThis book is not as / so interesting as that one.This book is less interesting than that one.這本書不如那本書有趣。最高級表示三者或三者以上的比較，表示其中一個在某一方面超過其他幾個。后面用in或of短語來說明比較范圍Who / Whichbethe形容詞的最高級，A，B or C?Abe(the)形容詞的最高級表示范圍的短語(of / in.)Which city is the biggest，Shanghai，New York or Toky
27、o？上海、紐約和東京，哪個城市最大？Jack is the tallest student in his class.杰克是班里最高的學(xué)生。級別用法例句 特殊用法表示“越，越”the比較級，the比較級The more we get together，the happier well be.朋友越多， 我們就越高興。表示“是最之一”beone ofthe形容詞比較級可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.長江是世界上最長的河流之一。形容詞比較級結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示最高級含義比較級thanany other名詞單
28、數(shù)Wang Wei is the tallest student in his class.Wang Wei is taller than any other student in his class.Wang Wei is taller than the other students in his class.王偉是他班里最高的學(xué)生。十年真題十年真題全練全練考點考點1 1 形容詞詞義辨析形容詞詞義辨析近十年來，形容詞是安徽中考每年的必考點?？疾閮?nèi)容涉及單詞辨音、易混形容詞詞義辨析、形容詞語法功能和形容詞的比較等級等。命題形式一般為單項填空(12小題)、完形填空(16小題)、單詞拼寫(12小題
29、)和聽力(14小題)。預(yù)計2018年，對形容詞單詞辨音、易混形容詞詞義辨析、形容詞語法功能和形容詞的比較等級的考查是重中之重。1.2017安徽，40題My desk mate is really _A_.She likes to attend different activities after school.Aactive Bquiet Clazy Dhonest22016安徽，39題Dont hurry him.You will just have to be _C_ and wait until he finishes the work.Aactive Bcareful Cpatient
30、 Dfamous32015安徽，41題Now，people have more free time.Square dancing is becoming more and more D Acomfortable BdifficultCdifferent Dpopular42014安徽，31題It is B for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.Abad Beasy Chard Dright52013安徽，41題What was Jim wearing at the party?Nothing A
31、He was in his usual shirt and jeans.Aspecial BsimpleCimportant Dinteresting62012安徽，38題You are relaxing yourself here?Yes.It feels_A_ to walk slowly along the river.AfantasticBboring Cstrange Dterrible72011安徽，32題We felt B when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.Abrave Bproud Csuccessful
32、Dworried82010安徽，48題Dad，its such a long way from our home to the park!You mean its B to take a taxi?Apopular BnecessaryCpossible Dimportant92009安徽，35題Hello！Golden Sun Hotel.Can I help you?Do you have a room A for this weekend?Aavailable Buseful Cempty Dpossible102008安徽，35題Im really C before the compe
33、tition.Take it easy.Sure you are the best.Acool Bserious Cnervous Dpatient112017安徽，35題What do you think of the movie?Great.I have never seen a C one.Agood Bbad Cbetter Dworse122016安徽，35題Mr.Blacks memory is getting B As a result，he often leaves his key at home.Aolder Bpoorer Cgreater Dbetter132012安徽，
34、32題We lost the match because they had D players.They had eleven and we had only nine.AstrongerByounger Cfewer Dmore142011安徽，44題Jack is good at drawing.I think no one draws _A_Abetter Bbest Cworse Dworst152008安徽，37題Jack，how are you feeling today?Much A I think I can go to school tomorrow.Abetter Bwor
35、se Cbrighter Dweaker考點考點2 2 形容詞的用法形容詞的用法單詞拼寫12017安徽，91題For a w ise (明智的) man，a mistake is a lesson.22016安徽，92題Franc，take off your w_et_(濕的)jacket so you dont catch a cold.32016安徽，95題Im s ure (確信的) that our dreams will come true through our efforts.42015安徽，91題It is p_olite_(禮貌的)to offer seats to the
36、old on the bus.52015安徽，93題The newly-opened museum is certainly w_orth_(值得) a visit.62014安徽，96題The Internet is becoming a u seful (有用的)tool for students.72014安徽，98題You are b rave (勇敢的) enough to accept such a difficult job.82013安徽，96題What do you like to do in your f ree (空閑的) time?92012安徽，97題Its p ol
37、ite (禮貌)to use quiet voices in the library.102011安徽，99題Linda is a s_mart_(聰明) and hardworking student.112010安徽，96題Do you think this kind of water is s_afe_(安全) for drinking?122010安徽，98題Our teachers are all very s trict (嚴格) with us students.132009安徽，98題He seems very s erious (嚴肅的)，but in fact he is
38、very humorous.142008安徽，98題Today David is a bsent (缺席)from school because he is ill.猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測.選擇填空選擇填空1You bought the last ticket for the concert.How _you are!Asweet Blucky Cstrange Dfunny2Mom，Im very _for all your love.Athankful Bcareful Cuseful Dhelpful3Martha is a _girl.She is always smiles and say
39、s hello to others.Ashy Bfriendly Ccrazy Dhealthy4The air in the countryside is _So many people from the city go there on weekends.Asoft Bpretty Cfresh Ddelicious5Traveling around big cities by taxi can cost a lot of money，but its usually _to take the subway to most places.Aamazing BexpensiveCconveni
40、ent DexcitingB BA AB BC CC C6Emma always gets good grades in different exams because she is a_girl.Ashy BfriendlyCpolite Dhard-working7Im really_before the exam.Take it easy.Youre the best.Asurprised BnervousCcomfortable Dconfident8Mr.Liu is a really nice personthe _person I know.Anicer BnicestChapp
41、ier Dhappiest9David jumped _in the long jump.He won the game!Alongest BfarthestCfastest Dhighest10Sometimes walking is even _than driving during the busy traffic time.Afast Bfaster Cslow DslowerD DB BB BB BB B11People who eat a balanced diet should be _ than those who only eat hamburgers.Aclever Bcl
42、evererChealthy Dhealthier12Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is _in China.Apatient BluckyCpossible Dtraditional.單詞拼寫單詞拼寫 根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示，完成下列單詞的拼寫，使句意明確，語言通順。1Im not really h_ (饑餓的)Ill just have an ice cream.2Im busy these days.Hanging out with friends is almost i_(不可能的)for me now.3Blue is a p_(和平的
43、) color.People often feel quiet in blue rooms.B BD Dungrympossibleeaceful4“Be c_(仔細的)not to touch the paintings in the museum，” mum said.5The w_(奇妙的) ocean is the largest habitat in the world.6Miss Zhou is very popular in our school.She is a s_ (成功的) teacher.7My friends and I may not have time to chat at school.But we can do it on WeChat.Its very h_(有益的)to our friendships.8We believe Sam，because he is an h_(誠實的) boy.9My neighbor Helen always talks to me.She is so f_(友好的)10As we all know，F(xiàn)rance is a w_(西方的)country.arefulonderfuluccessfulelpfulonestriendlyestern
安徽省中考英語 第二部分 專題語法 高效突破 專項7 形容詞課件
