《廣東省中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語法知識(shí)盤點(diǎn) 第12講 主謂一致課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《廣東省中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語法知識(shí)盤點(diǎn) 第12講 主謂一致課件（22頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、第12講主謂一致用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Everyone _ (have) their own ideas.2.Not only the players but also the coach _ (be) playingfootball now.hasiswerecomeare3.There _ (be) two cats and a dog in the houseyesterday.But they are missing today.4.Paul and Tom _ (come) from the same school.5.There _ (be) a number of
2、people swimming in thelake at present.6.Three million _ (be) a large number.You can makeit smaller.isgoesareisis7.Everybody except Mike and Linda _ (go) to schoolby bus every day.8.Neither the headmaster nor the teachers _ (be)going to take a vacation next week.9.The number of the volunteers _ (be)
3、100 now.10.Either noodles or rice _ (be) OK.I dont mind.考情透析：在廣東省中考英語試卷中，主謂一致考查的內(nèi)容主要是其基本用法，包括語法一致原則，意義一致原則和就近原則。?？夹问接?there be 句型，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等句型結(jié)構(gòu)。要注意正確區(qū)分主語的詞性和單復(fù)數(shù)、修飾語等，主語確定，謂語才能確定。主謂一致主要掌握它的三個(gè)原則：語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近原則。語法一致原則語法一致是指主語和謂語動(dòng)詞通常在語法形式上取得一致，即：主語是單數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式；
4、主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。其用法如下表：情況例句主語是不可數(shù)名詞、單數(shù)名詞(代詞)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞(代詞)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式He exercises every day.他每天做運(yùn)動(dòng)。They exercise every day.他們每天做運(yùn)動(dòng)。and 或 both.and.連接名詞或代詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式Jerry and he are students.杰瑞和他都是學(xué)生。當(dāng)主語后面跟有 with, without, togetherwith, along with, except, besides, but, aswell as, l
5、ike, including 等介詞短語做插入語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語保持一致(即“就遠(yuǎn)原則”)Susan with her family workson the farm.蘇珊和她的家人在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里干活。情況例句動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式To be a pilot is his dream.成為一名飛行員是他的夢(mèng)想。由不定代詞 either, neither, each, one,everyone, someone, anyone, no one,somebody, anybody, everybody,something, anything, nothing,eve
6、rything 等做主語或修飾主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式Everybody is here.所有人都到齊了。Someone is waiting for you.有人正在等你。在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞 who, that,which 等做主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致The boys who are playingbasketball there are mystudents.在那兒打籃球的那些男孩都是我的學(xué)生。(續(xù)表)情況例句常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞(如 shoes,pants, clothes 等)做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但當(dāng)這些名詞前有 pair,kind, set 等
7、量詞修飾時(shí)，則根據(jù)量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來確定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式The shoes are under the bed.鞋子在床下。A pair of shoes is under thebed.床下面有一雙鞋?！皁ne of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；“a number of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“許多”，做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“the number of可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“的數(shù)量”，做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式One of the boys is interested inthe story.其中一個(gè)男孩子對(duì)這個(gè)故事感興趣。A number of birds are on th
8、eisland.島上有大量的鳥兒。The number of the cups is 10.杯子的數(shù)量是 10 個(gè)。(續(xù)表)情況例句“many a/more than one單數(shù)名詞”做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式More than one student is fondof playing computer games.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡玩電腦游戲?！胺?jǐn)?shù)、百分比及 some, half of, partof, lots of, the rest of, plenty of 等名詞”做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與名詞的數(shù)保持一致Three fifths of the forest wasdestroyed
9、.五分之三的森林被毀壞了。70% of the students are atives.70%的學(xué)生是本地人。and 連接的名詞被 each, every 或 no 修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式Each boy and each girl is givenan apple now.現(xiàn)在每個(gè)男孩和女孩都得到了一個(gè)蘋果。(續(xù)表)意義一致原則意義一致又叫概念一致，是指謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語所表達(dá)的概念。其用法如下表：情況例句news以及科目名稱maths, physics, politics等名詞，本身并不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，做主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式I think physics is
10、an interesting subject.我認(rèn)為物理是一門有趣的學(xué)科。表示時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、距離、價(jià)格、金 錢、重量等的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式做主語 時(shí)，常表示一個(gè)整體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式200 miles is a long way to go.200英里是很長(zhǎng)的一段路。Twenty years is a long time.二十年是一段很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。情況例句集體名詞如 family, class, group, team等做主語，表示整體時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，表示集體中的具體成員時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式The class wins the prize.這個(gè)班獲得了獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。The class are a
11、ll carefullyreading the book.全班學(xué)生都在仔細(xì)地讀這本書。集體名詞如 people (people 指“民族”時(shí)除外), police, cattle 等，形式上是單數(shù)但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式The police are running after athief.警察們正在追趕一個(gè)小偷。(續(xù)表)情況例句“the形容詞(表示一類人)”和“the姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式(表示夫婦或一家人)”做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式The old think the young arehappier than them.老人們認(rèn)為年輕人比他們幸福。and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞指
12、同一個(gè)人或物(and 后面無限定詞)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式The writer and singer wasinvited to the party.那位作家兼歌手應(yīng)邀參加派對(duì)。(指同一人)each 做主語的同位語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞形式由主語來決定，與 each 無關(guān)They each have a bike.他們每人有一輛自行車。(續(xù)表)情況例句普通不定代詞(如 some, all, none, any等)做主語時(shí)，若表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；若表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式Some of the work was done byme.一些工作是由我來做的。Some of the stu
13、dents work hard.一些學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)很努力。算式在加法、乘法時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式或復(fù)數(shù)形式均可；但在減法和除法中，謂語動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)形式One and five is/are six.一加五等于六。Nine minus three is six.九減三等于六。書名、報(bào)紙名、國(guó)家等復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式The United States is a developedcountry.美國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。“one and a half復(fù)數(shù)名詞”做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式One and a half months areenough for us.對(duì)我們而言，一個(gè)半月的時(shí)間足
14、夠了。(續(xù)表)就近原則就近原則是指謂語動(dòng)詞的形式與主語并不一致，卻與離它最近的名詞保持一致。1.在 there be 句型和以 here 開頭的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。如：There is a river and two big trees there.那邊有一條河和兩棵大樹。Here is Jim and his parents.這是吉姆和他的父母。2.either.or.,neither.nor.,notonly.butalso.,or,not.but.等結(jié)構(gòu)連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。如：Either you or he has to stay at
15、home this afternoon. 今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。1._ there any living things on other planets?I have no idea.Maybe we can know more about that in thefuture.(2015 年廣東)A.IsB.AreC.HasD.Have點(diǎn)撥選B考查主謂一致的語法一致原則。 句意：“其他星球上有生物嗎？”“我不知道。也許在將來我們會(huì)知道更多?！眴柧錇?there be 句型的疑問句，排除C、D 兩項(xiàng)。things為復(fù)數(shù)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。故選 B。2.Do you need mor
16、e time to complete the task?Yes.Another ten days _ enough.(2014 年廣東)A.isB.wasC.areD.were點(diǎn)撥選A考查主謂一致的意義一致原則。表示時(shí)間的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式做主語時(shí)，常表示一個(gè)整體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，且語境為現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選 A。3.There _ many small things we can do to make theworld a better place.(2014 年佛山)A.areB.isC.have點(diǎn)撥選A考查主謂一致的就近原則。there be 句型中的be 動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”。things
17、為復(fù)數(shù)，故選A。4.Which would you like, tea or coffee?Either _ OK, but I prefer coffee _ milk.(2014 年梅州)A.is; hasC.is; with點(diǎn)撥選CB.are; withD.are; has考查主謂一致的語法一致原則和介詞。either做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，排除 B、D 兩項(xiàng)；又第二空所在的句子中已經(jīng)有了謂語動(dòng)詞，故不用 has，排除 A 項(xiàng)。故選C。5.Not only my friends but also I _ interested infootball and Messi is our fav
18、orite star.(2013 年廣東)A.beB.amC.isD.are點(diǎn)撥選B考查主謂一致的就近原則。not only.but also.連接并列主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”。故選B。6.Parents around the world _ worried about childrenplaying too many video games.(2013 年佛山)A.isB.wasC.are點(diǎn)撥選C考查主謂一致的語法一致原則。該句的主語是parents，為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用表示復(fù)數(shù)的 are。故選 C。7.The child without parents _ good care of b
19、y histeachers in this special school.(2013 年梅州)A.is takenC.take點(diǎn)撥選AB.are takenD.takes考查主謂一致的語法一致原則。根據(jù)題意可知，需要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故排除C、D 兩項(xiàng)。without 引導(dǎo)的是主語的伴隨狀語，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于 without 前面的主語。故選 A。8.Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TVprogram A Bite of China.I am also deeply moved by its stories！(2012 年廣東)A.isB.amC.wasD.are點(diǎn)撥選 D考查主謂一致的語法一致原則。both.and 連接并列的主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選 D。
廣東省中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 語法知識(shí)盤點(diǎn) 第12講 主謂一致課件
