裕興新概念英語第二冊(cè)筆記 第30課

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1、Lesson 30 Football or polo? 足球還是水球？ What happened to the man in the boat? The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing ga

2、mes on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the wate

3、r. I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away! The man laughed when he realized what had happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank. 參考譯文 威爾河是橫穿過我家附近公園的一條小河。我喜歡在天氣晴朗的下午到河邊坐坐。上星期日天氣很暖和。于是我和往常一樣，又去河邊坐著。河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍，河面

4、上有些人正在劃船。突然，一個(gè)孩子狠狠地踢了一腳球，球便向著一只劃過來的小船飛去。岸上的一些人對(duì)著小船上的人高喊，但他沒有聽見。球重重地打在他身上，使他差點(diǎn)兒落入水中。我轉(zhuǎn)過頭去看那些孩子，但一個(gè)也不見，全都跑了！當(dāng)那個(gè)人明白了發(fā)生的事情時(shí)，笑了起來。他大聲叫著那些孩子，把球扔回到岸上。 【New words and expressions】（7） 1 polo['p?ul?u] n.水球 2 cut[k?t] v.穿過 3 row[r?u, rou] v.劃(船) 4 kick[kik] v.踢 5 towards[t?'w?:dz] prep.朝，向 6 nearly ['n

5、i?li] ad.幾乎 7 sight[sait] n.眼界，視域 一．單詞講解： polo馬球 （四人一組騎在馬上對(duì)打木球的比賽） 水球water polo Wayle n. 威爾（河名） Cut vt. 切，割，剪，劃，砍cut--cut--cut 例: She cut her finger on a piece of broken glass. 他在一塊碎玻璃上劃傷自己的手指。 cut the apple into halves 把蘋果切成兩半 cut the apple into thirds 把蘋果切成三半 cut恤e apple into q

6、uarters 把蘋果切成四半 His cruel remarks cut her deeply. 他殘酷的評(píng)論傷透了她的心. cut的有關(guān)短語：cut class 曠課 cut across/cut through 穿過 （尤指抄近道） 例: I usually cut across the park on my way home. I usually cut through the park on my way home. 我回家的路上總是穿過那個(gè)公園。 cut down砍到（樹木） 減少…量 例: The apple tree was dead and

7、 he cut it down. 這個(gè)蘋果樹死了，他把樹砍倒了。 The car industry cut down production. 汽車工業(yè)降低了產(chǎn)量。 cut down the expenses減少開支 chop 劈 slit 切割開 gash 砍進(jìn)（割一條長而深的缺口） slice 切成薄片 carve 雕刻 dice 切成小方塊 tear 撕裂 trim 修剪 row 1) n. 一排，一列， 一行，成排的座位 例: The boy was sitting in the first row. 這個(gè)小男

8、孩坐在第一排。 Would you arrange the chairs in five rows? 你把椅子排成五排嗎？ in a row排成一排連續(xù)的 例: Children were standing hand in hand in a row. 孩子們手拉手的站成一排。 He has been absent for 5 years in a row. 他已經(jīng)連續(xù)五天缺席了。 a hard row to hoe（v. 用耕鋤耕地） 艱苦的生活 row 橫行 line豎排 file一縱隊(duì)（排的很整齊） 2)V. 劃船 例：Can you row a boat?

9、 你會(huì)劃船嗎？ They rowed across the rive。 他們劃過了這條河。 3)n劃船運(yùn)動(dòng) go for a row去劃船 go for a walk去散步 4)劃船；一排（列）row(rau] 爭吵row v. row with sb 與...爭吵 n. 例：What' s the row about? 到底在吵什么呢？ make a row／kick up a row起哄，大吵大鬧 kick 1)v. 踢 kick sb /sth with the foot 踢 例: Mummy, Dick kicked me on the

10、 leg! 媽媽，Dick踢我的腿。（Tom， Dick， Harry人的名字） kick the ball踢 kick a hole in the door在門上踢了一個(gè)洞 Be careful of that horse-it often kicks. 小心這匹馬，它常踢人。 (idiom) Kick a man when he is down. 落井下石 2) vt.虐待，欺負(fù) 例: The boy is always kicking his younger brother about. 這個(gè)小男孩總是欺負(fù)他弟弟。 kick腳踢 punch 拳打 to

11、ward (s) prep. 朝…方向?qū)Γū黻P(guān)系），接近（表時(shí)間），有...趨勢(shì) 例：He walked towards the door. 他朝門走過來。 His attitude towards me has changed. 他對(duì)我的態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變了。 Towards the end of the game she fell asleep. 臨近比賽結(jié)束時(shí)，她睡著了。 There is a tendency towards inflation. 有通貨膨脹的趨勢(shì)。 towards只能表示朝著目標(biāo)移動(dòng)（強(qiáng)調(diào)越來越近） 例：We drove towards Miami.

12、我們開車去邁阿密。 to含有到達(dá)的含義 例：We drove to Miami. 我們開車到了邁阿密。 nearly adv. 大約，接近，差不多 例：It's nearly 2 o'clock. 大約兩點(diǎn)了。 That car nearly ran over a dog.那輛車差點(diǎn)撞到一條狗。 almost與nearly最接近，但almost可與nobody， nothing，nowhere， never連用nearly則不能。 approximately/ about在超過或沒有超過某標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的兩種情況下，均可使用，但almost，nearly用于接近單位達(dá)到某標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的情

13、況。 例: It cost approximately ￡300, I can't remember exactIY. 大概花了300美元我記不太清了。 sight n. 1)視力，視覺 lose one's sight 失明 (become blind) far-sighted 遠(yuǎn)視 near-sighted 近視 short-sighted 目光短淺的 long-sighted 目光長遠(yuǎn)的 例：Out of sight，Out of mind. 眼不見，心不煩。 at the sight of —看至到 (seeing)

14、 We laughed at the sight of her strange clothes. 我們一見她的奇裝異服就笑了。 He fell in love with the girl at the first sight. 他對(duì)那女孩子一見鐘情。 2)視界，視野 in sight 在視野之內(nèi) out of sight 在視野之外 例：The train is still in sight. 火車還看得見。 Get out of my sight. 滾開! (Get out!) Get out of here! Get away from here!

15、二、關(guān)鍵句型Key Structures some /any的用法。 1)二者都可以表示不定量的代詞，相當(dāng)于“一止暨”，可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑問句，否定句或條件從句。 例: There are some scenic spots around the city. 在這個(gè)城市周邊有些風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的地方。 Let's get some fruit for the children. 給孩子們買些水果吧。 Do you need any reference books? 你需要一些參考書嗎？ They haven' t put forw

16、ard any concrete proposals. 他們還沒有提出一些明確的建議。 If you find any new words in it, mark them out. 如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)那些生詞的話，把它們標(biāo)出來。 2)有些疑問句表示請(qǐng)求，建議，反問等，這時(shí)多用some而不用any； 例： Would you mind buying me some aspirin? 你為我買些阿司匹林好嗎？ Aren' t there some stamps in that drawer? 抽屜里面有郵票嗎？ 3) some和any還可以用來修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，這時(shí)some表示“某一

17、個(gè)“any表示”任何一個(gè)“隨便哪一個(gè)”。 例：You will regret it someday. 總有一天你會(huì)后悔的。 You can get it in any department store. 你在任何一個(gè)百貨商店都可以買到。 冠詞the的用法 1)在人名和地名前不加冠詞a或the 例: John lives in England. He has a house in London. 2)在海洋，河流，山脈前，一定要用定冠詞the 例: Who was the first person to sail across the Pacific? 誰是第一個(gè)橫渡太平洋

18、的人呢？ It can get rough in the Mediterranean (地中海）。 地中?？赡芎懿黄届oc Many great cities are built on rivers: Paris is on the Seine, London is on the Thames and Rome is on the Tiber. 很多大城市建在河岸上，巴黎在桑納河上，倫敦在泰晤士河上，羅馬在地波河上。 I know a man who has been on climbing expeditions in many parts of the world. He has

19、climbed in the Alps, the Himalayas, and the Rocky Mountains. 我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)參加過世界各地登山探險(xiǎn)的人，他曾攀登過阿爾卑斯山脈，喜馬拉雅山山脈以及落基山。 3)由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前加the。 America-the Unite States of America China- the People' s Republic of China the Great Wall , the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City 4)表示特定的或上文提到過的事物（或雙方都明了的事物）前加the。

20、例：工am interested in the film. 我對(duì)這部電影感興趣。 Pass me the slippers please. 請(qǐng)把拖鞋遞給我。 5)世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前加the the earth the moon the sun 6)在序數(shù)詞或形容詞的高級(jí)前加the the second storey二層樓 the largest room最大的房間 7)在方位詞前面加the on the left on the right in the east in the west 8)在表示時(shí)間的一些固定短語前加the in the morning

21、 in the afternoon in the evening in the day time 9)the放在形容詞前表一類人 the poor the rich the old the young the sick the new the blind 10) 在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示一家人或夫婦倆。 the Whites; the Browns; the Tuners 11)在樂器前加the the piano; the guitar; the saxophone 12)表世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代 in the 1980' s 13)在

22、發(fā)明物的前加the 例: The telephone was invented by Bell. 電話是由貝爾發(fā)明的。 The' compass was invented in China. 指南針是中國發(fā)明的 不加冠詞的時(shí)候： 1)專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名，地名前不加冠詞， China London America Smith Art matter 2)季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐，前不加冠詞 March May National' s day Valentine Children' s day Supper

23、 Spring Saturday 3)學(xué)科名稱，球類，棋類名詞前不加冠詞 mathematics politics football basketball chess Exercise： 1. 用some和any填空 l)Is there _____ hope of our fulfilling the plan? 2)My mother bought _____ sweets for me. 3)1f I can spare _____ money , I' II buy a dictionary. 4)Would you like _____ beer? 5)Com

24、e _____ day you like. 6) You will realize your dream _____ day. 答案: any some any some any some 2、在必要地方填上冠詞a或the l) _____ refrigerators are necessary in hot countries. 2) Which river is _____ longest, _____ Nile, _____ Amazon, or Mississippi? 3) Heyerdahl crosses _____ Pacific on _____ raft.

25、4) Why is _____ Britain sometimes called United Kingdom? 5) We sailed up _____ Red Sea and then went through _____ Suez Canal 答案：1）不填2）the the the the 3）the a 4） 不填the 5)the the 三、課文講解Text The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. 定語從句that/which修飾物的關(guān)系代詞 ear adj.

26、 /prep‘在附近，表示含糊的“近“的意思，可能還有相當(dāng)一段距離。 close表示可接觸的范圍內(nèi)的 by在…的旁邊在…的近旁 nearby 1)adj. 附近的a nearby town/a town nearby附近的村莊 2)adv. 附近地 例：my parents live nearby. 我的父母親住在附近。 I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. on fine afternoons afternoons表示每當(dāng)下我都會(huì)。to，表一般規(guī)律，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 in the afternoon on fine

27、 afternoons on the afternoon of July the fourth It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. as usual 像平常一樣 than usual 比平常 as before 像以前 than before 比以前 Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. 用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述

28、故事背景rowing現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨狀語 Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat, but he did not hear them. call out to sb(for sth) 大聲喊叫（己引起別人的注意） The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. strike strike-struck---struck SO + adj/adv.+ that 如此.

29、..以至于 例: He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor. 他病得如此重以至于我們請(qǐng)大夫去。 She was so angry that she couldn't speak. 她如此的生氣以至于說不出話來。 You speak so fast that I can' t follow you. 你講的如此快以至于我都跟不上你了。 I am so nervous that I don' t know what to say. I turned to look at the children ,but there weren'

30、t any in sight: they had all run away! there weren't any in sight 一個(gè)也看不見了 The man laughed when he realized what happened. when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句 I'm cooking dinner when they came home. 當(dāng)他們到家時(shí)我正在做飯。 When you are in trouble, visit this man. 當(dāng)你有困難時(shí)，找這個(gè)男人 laugh 大聲地笑出聲地笑 smile 微笑 grin 露齒而笑

31、 chuckle 低聲輕笑 sneer 嘲笑 giggle 咯咯地笑 happen 表示偶然事件發(fā)生（無被動(dòng)） He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank. call out to sb對(duì)…大聲喊叫 四、練習(xí) Exercises 1. Why did they kick the ball so _____? A. hardly B. hard C. hardy D hardily 分析：B. 可以作形容詞和副詞，作副詞表示“用力地”，符合題意 A.

32、 幾乎不，不符合題意；C. 是個(gè)形容詞表示強(qiáng)壯的，不能修飾動(dòng)詞； D. 大膽地，剛毅地，不符合題意 2. The ball _____ him very hard. A. knocked at B. beat C. bounced D. hit 分析：A. 敲打，敲出聲音；B. 打，敲，表示連續(xù)地，有規(guī)律地敲打； C. 指球彈起，彈跳；D. 打，打擊，強(qiáng)調(diào)打中的概念。 3. They had run away, so they had____. A. dismissed B. disturbed C. displaced D. disappeared 分析：A. 解散，開除

33、B. 妨礙，打擾；C. 使…脫離正常位置：D. 消失，不見。 4. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _____ chemist's. A. each B. some C. certain D. any 分析：any強(qiáng)調(diào)“任何一個(gè)”；each強(qiáng)調(diào)“每一個(gè)”；some和certain都表示“某一個(gè)”語意不符。 六、補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容 諺語 1. All is not gold that glitters. All that glitters is not gold. 外表可以迷惑人；不要根據(jù)漂亮的外表來判斷事物；發(fā)光的未必都是金子。 2. All is well that ends well結(jié)果好就一切都好。