2015年高考英語 名詞性從句講與練

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1、名詞性從句 在復(fù)合句中起詞名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses）。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位從句。 （一）引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞 1）連接代詞： who, whose, whom, what, which有詞義，在從句中必須充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語、表語、賓語或定語等。 2）連接副詞： when, where, why, how有詞義，在從句中必須充當(dāng)成分，只能作狀語。 3）連接詞： that, whether, if, as if that 無詞義，

2、在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，做賓語時(shí)可省略； if ，whether，as if雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔(dān)任成分。 注意：連接代詞與連接副詞在句中不再是疑問詞，因而從句中謂語不用疑問式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當(dāng)句子成分，連接詞whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用。根據(jù)句義，如果連接代詞與連接副詞，whether、if 和as if都用不上時(shí)，才用that作連接詞（that本身無任何含義）。 4）連接代詞：whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 5）語序 名詞性從句都必須與陳述句語序相同，即“

3、主語＋謂語”。 （二）主語從句:在復(fù)合句中其語法作用是主語的句中，叫主語從句。 1）主語從句位于句首 e.g. （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.(注意：不能把whether改為if， 因?yàn)閕f不能引導(dǎo)主語從句) （3）Whatever you did is right. （4）Who will be our monitor h

4、asn't been decided yet. （5）What caused the accident remains unknown. （6）Which of the two is better remains to be seen. （7）When we will start the work is important. 2）為了避免句子頭重腳輕，用it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末。 e.g. （1）It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. （2）It is true that he has made a

5、very important discovery in chemistry. （3）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation. （4）Is it likely that it will rain in the evening ? 3）it 作形式主語的主語從句 有時(shí)為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語從句處使用形式主語it，而將真正的主語從句移至句末。這分四種情況： (1) 對(duì)于以連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常用形式主語it替代主語從句： < a > It is

6、 + 名詞 + 從句 It is a fact that… 事實(shí)是……； It is good news that … ……是好消息； It is a question that … ……是個(gè)問題； It is common knowledge that … ……是常識(shí) 類似的名詞還有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。 It is a mystery to me how it all happened. It is common knowledge that the whale i

7、s not a fish. It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. < b > It is +形容詞 + 從句 It is necessary that … 有必要……； It is clear that … 很清楚……； It is likely that … 很可能……； It is important that … 重要的是…… 類似的形容詞還有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible;

8、unlikely; unusual; certain; evident; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc. It is doubtful whether she will be able to come. It seems obvious that we can not go on like this. It is necessary that you（should）master the computer. 需要注意的是這類主語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞很多為“（should）＋動(dòng)詞原形”，即要用虛擬語氣。 < c > It is +過去分

9、詞 + 從句 It is said that … 據(jù)說……； It is reported that … 據(jù)報(bào)道……； It has been proved that … 已證明……； It must be proved that… 必須指出…… 類似的過去分詞還有：known; expected; believed; thought; hoped; required; suggested; demanded; etc. 例如：It is said that honesty is the best policy. It is said th

10、at thirteen is an unlucky number. It is reported that over 300 million people in China are suffering from near-sightedness. It is known to all that the earth is round. 高考題鏈接： 1. It never occurred to me___you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.(陜西高考) A．which B．what

11、 C．that D．if 2. It's obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.(天津卷) A．a(chǎn)s B．that C．which D．whether 3. ________some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plug by many others.( 北京) A．Whether　 B．

12、What 　　 C．That 　　 D．How 4. It is uncertain________side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.(浙江) A．that B．how C．what D．whether （三）表語從句：在復(fù)合句中作表語的完整句子，位于be動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞之后，說明主語是什么或者怎么樣。 e.g. （1）The question was

13、who could go there. （2）He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. （3）She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour. （4）His suggestion is that we should stay calm. （5）It seems as if it is going to rain. （6）The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us. (注意：不能把wh

14、ether改為if， 因?yàn)閕f不能引導(dǎo)表語從句) （7）What she couldn’t understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. （四）賓語從句：賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語，引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞that一般可省略。 e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right. 1）介詞之后的賓語從句，不可用which或if連接，要分別用what或 whether。 e.g. I’m interested in whether you’ve fi

15、nished the work. I’m interested in what you’ve said. 2）whether與if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，?？苫Q，但下面情況不能互換。 ①賓語從句是否定句時(shí)，只用if，不用whether。 e.g. I wonder if it doesn’t rain. ②賓語從句中的whether 與or not直接連用，就不能換成if。 e.g. I don’t know whether the report is true or not. 注意：介詞后的賓語從句要用whether引導(dǎo)，whether 可與不定式連用。wh

16、ether也可引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句，以上均不能換成if。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí)，只能用if，而不能用whether。 e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time. They don’t know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time. （五）同位語從句：在復(fù)合句中作某一抽象名詞的同位語，一般位于該名詞之后。（如：promise，message，doubt，belief，reason，possibility，conclusion，thought

17、，order，question，problem，report，rumor，hope，truth，news，fact，idea，suggestion，evidence等） e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. I've come to the conclusion that it won't be wise to do so. 有時(shí)為了保持句子的平衡，同位語從句有時(shí)和前面的名詞分開。 The rumor spread

18、that a new school would be built here. 1）英語中引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通常有連詞what, who, that, whether等，連接副詞 how, when, where等。（注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。） 2）連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,不能省，且在從句中沒有任何意義，不充當(dāng)任何成分。 The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. 3）連詞whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句 The question whether we should call i

19、n a specialist was answered by the family doctor. （注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句） 4）連接代詞what, who, whom, whose, which引導(dǎo)同位語從句 1) I have no idea what size shoes she wears. 2) I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste. 3) The question who will take his place is still not clear. 5）連接副詞when

20、, where, how, why引導(dǎo)同位語從句 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. I have no idea when they will come . 2015高考名詞性從句匯編 ( )1.【2015安徽】25. A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for. A. what B. whom C. why D

21、. when ( )2.【2015福建】29.—1 wonder______ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. —By working out every day. A. where B. how C. why D. if ( )3.【2015江蘇】25. _____ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it. A. That B. Wh

22、y C. Where D. How ( )4.【2015陜西】19. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. A. what B. that C. why D. how ( )5.【2015重慶】We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book a ro

23、om for him. A.when B. how C. where D. why ( )6.【2015四川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution. A.where B.why C.what D.which ( )7.【2015北京】33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.

24、 A. that B.where C. what D.why ( )8.【2015北京】35._____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. A. Where B.How C.Why D. When 名詞性從句語法填空 I read a report last night. It says ___1______ a lot of people died in __2____

25、traffic accident. But I forget ___3______ the accident happened last Sunday. ___4______ astonished me most is ____5______ some babies lost ___6_____ lives. However, I don't know ___7________ the government has taken some measures to deal with __8________. In my opinion, __9________ accident has tau

26、ght us a lesson __10________we should obey the traffic rules. 名詞性從句短文改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)針對(duì)性檢測(cè) 1.That makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 2. There is no doubt whether the future belongs to the young. 3. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.

27、 4. His father suggested that he went to Hangzhou to find jobs. 5. It is not clear that it will rain or not. 6. The question that you must answer is if you are determined to seek for your dream. 7.As is known to all that without honesty, we can’t others’ trust and friendship. 8. News came where he had been admitted to a key university.