必修一unit4導(dǎo)學(xué)案學(xué)案精編

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1、Unit 4 Earthquakes Period1 Warming up and Reading 課前自主學(xué)習(xí)方案 重點(diǎn)單詞 1 (adj.) 極度的 (adv.)極度地 2 （n.）民族；國家；國民 （adv.）民族的；國家的；全國的 3 (n,) 污垢 (adj.) 臟的 4 （n.）苦難；痛苦 ______（v.）遭受 (n.)患病者；受難者 5 (v.) 損害 （n.） 6 (vt.) 毀壞 （

2、n.） 7 (n) 電；電流 （adj.靠電來工作的 (adj.)與電有關(guān)的 8 (n )祝賀；（復(fù)數(shù)）賀詞 _____（ v.）祝賀 9 (vt.)使驚嚇；嚇唬 _____（adj.）令人恐懼的 （adj.）受驚的；受驚嚇的 重點(diǎn)短語 1 right 立刻；馬上 2 too… 太…… 而不能…… 3 think of 評價不高 4 usual 像往常一樣 5 as 好像

3、 6 an end 結(jié)束；終結(jié) 7 cut 穿過；貫穿 8 ruins 成為廢墟 9 number of ……的數(shù)量 10 instead 代替 11 dig 掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn) 12 (great) number of 許多；大量的 知識探究與發(fā)現(xiàn) 1. right away 立刻，馬上 I’ll return the book to you right away. If war breaks out, we shall be called up right

4、 away. 如果戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)，我們將立即被征召服役。 聯(lián)想拓展 right now=at once=immediately=in no time立刻，馬上 2.In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂開來。 自主探究 burst vi. ( , 過去式和過去分詞) n. 搭配 ① burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然···起來 burst into

5、 = burst out laughing 放聲大笑 burst into =burst out crying 放聲大哭 練習(xí) Every time he thought of his past, he couldn’t help bursting .(2010·濟(jì)南一模) A. when; out tears B. that; into crying C. which; into tears D. /; out crying 3.think little/ poorly of輕視 think

6、 much/highly of重視；看重，評價高 What do you think of ...?認(rèn)為……怎么樣？ think about考慮；回想；想起 think of考慮；記憶，記起 The government thinks highly of his invention because it will benefit the whole country. 政府非常重視他的發(fā)明，因?yàn)樗鼘⒂幸嬗谌珖嗣瘛? The foolish boss thought little of my suggestions on that project. 那個愚蠢的老板根本就不重視我對那項(xiàng)工

7、程的建議。 4. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 似乎到了世界末日！ 1).as if = as though 好像，似乎 （1）如果as if 從句表示的事情可能是真實(shí)的，通常使用陳述語氣。 eg: ① It looks as if it is going to rain. ② It sounds as if 聽起來好像有人在敲門。 （2）如果as if 從句表示的內(nèi)容與事實(shí)相反或是一種假想，通常使用虛擬語氣。 主句+as if (though)+主語+ ①were/過去時 ②

8、could/would +動詞原形③had+過去分詞 注意even if 即使 即學(xué)即練 ① When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken ② She talked about the film as if really seen it. 她談?wù)撃遣坑捌秃孟袼_實(shí)看過一樣。 3.—Will you go to the exhibition tomor

9、row? —Yes, I will go it，s windy.(2010·11·山東濱州月考) A. as if B. even though C. as soon as D. as though 5．a(chǎn)t an end 結(jié)束，終結(jié)（常作表語） at the end of 在···盡頭，在···末尾 by the end of 到···為止 in the end 最后，終于 make ends meet 收支相抵 come to an end 結(jié)束 eg:

10、 (戰(zhàn)爭終于結(jié)束了) 高手過招用方框內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 At the end of/by the end of/in the end 1.How many English words had you learned ____________last term? 2.He became an outstanding doctor________. 3.My uncle will fly to China______________ this year. 6.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins

11、. 在可怕的15秒內(nèi)，一座大城市就沉沒在一片廢墟之中。 ruin （1）n. （2）vt. in ruins嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞；破敗不堪 辨析ruin \ destroy \ damage ①ruin 指對物體或生命徹底的破壞，往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打擊的結(jié)果，也可以指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。 ②destroy 指徹底毀壞，不能修復(fù)。 ③damage 指局部損壞，但可以修復(fù)。 即學(xué)即練 （1）The building was completely by fire. （2）His car hit

12、 a tree by the roadside and was . So he had to have it repaired. （3）My new shoes get in the mud. (4 ) Unfortunately, the storm _______ the crops, destroying the hope of farmers. A. damaged B. ruined C. benefited D. hurt （5）There on the shore you can see a steam pow

13、ered ship covered with dirt __ ,waiting to be taken apart. A. lay in ruins B. lie in ruin C. laid in ruins D. lie in ruins 7. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. 典例賞析 1).The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. 中國人不用刀叉,用筷子。 2). Instead of working, Jack was idling aw

14、ay his time. 杰克不去工作,虛度著光陰。 短語歸納 instead 是副詞，單獨(dú)使用，用于句首或句末作狀語，意為“代替；相反”。 instead of 是復(fù)合介詞，后接名詞、代詞、或動名詞，其后面的動作，意為“代替、而不……”。 in place of 為介詞短語，也是“代替、而不”的意思. take the place of 作謂語，用在名詞、代詞前。 即學(xué)即練 1). Tractors _____________ horses in many places. A. in place of B. have taken

15、the place of C. instead D. instead of 2). You should be out playing ___________ working indoors all day. A. in spite of B. take the place of C. instead D. instead of 8. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. （1）分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語時，若所指的是可數(shù)名詞，則謂語動詞多用復(fù)數(shù)；若指不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞多用單數(shù)

16、 eg. 80% of the trees were cut down. eg. 50% of the water in the bottle has gone. 請根據(jù)提示完成下列句子。 1. (三分之一) of the students in our class (be) girls. 2. (3/5) of the soil (wash) away by the flood last nigh 3. Seventy percent of the students _____ taken part in the work an

17、d seventy percent of the work _____been finished. A. has, has B. had , had C. has, have D. have, has 4. Eighty percent of the people trapped in the ruins____ at last. A. were dug out B.has dug C. was dug out D. have dug out （2）injure vt. eg: ①?One?of?the?players

18、?injured?his?knee?and?had?to?be?carried?off?. 一個隊員膝蓋受傷，不得不被抬至場外 ﹝辨析﹞ injure, hurt, wound injure 常指偶然事故對人造成的“損害”。 hurt v.受傷，傷害，主要指肉體或感情上所受到的傷害 wound vt. 傷，傷害。& n.傷，傷口。指外傷，如刀傷、槍傷、劍傷，尤指在戰(zhàn)爭中、戰(zhàn)斗中受傷。 即學(xué)即練 ① He got in the war. ② He didn’t want to her feelings. ③ Yesterday my l

19、eg . ④Tom fell down from the tree and his legs. 9.People were shocked. 人們震驚了。 shock v. U n. 休克，打擊，震驚 C n. 令人震驚的事 ﹝派生詞﹞ shocked adj. 震驚的 shocking adj. 令人震驚的 ﹝搭配﹞① be shocked at (doing) sth. 對（做）某事感到震驚 ② be shocked to do sth. 懼怕

20、做某事 即學(xué)即練 (1)The news of his wife’s death was to him.（一個沉重的打擊） (2) All of the people present felt at the news. 所有在場的人們對這個令人震驚的消息感到震驚。 (3)It came to the world _____ that more than 10 prisoners were buried _____ by the terrorists. . A. as shocking; alive B. a shock; l

21、iving C. shocked; live D. as a shock; alive 10.All hope was not lost. 典型例句 ①All the students do not know how to deal with the problem. = Not all the students know how to deal with the problem. ③Both of the students don’t like the story. ④E

22、veryone doesn’t like the story. = Not everyone likes the story. 自主探究 表示“全體”意義的詞 “ , , , , ” 等和否定副詞not連用時表部分否定。而“none, neither, nobody, nothing” 等表完全否定。如： Nobody likes the story. Neither of the students likes the story. 單項(xiàng)選擇 We couldn’t eat in a re

23、staurant because of us had money on us. A. all; no B. any; no C. none; any D. no one; any 11. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.（1）.dig out（從…中）挖出，挖掘出 ；發(fā)現(xiàn)，翻出（收存、藏起或遺忘很久之物 She dug out a photograph from under a pile

24、of papers. Rescue crews have been digging people out of collapsed buildings. （2）bury v. 埋葬，掩藏 ① She _______beside her husband’s grave. 她被安葬在丈夫的墳旁。 ② She ____________thought. 她陷入沉思。 ③ He ____________his books. 他埋頭讀書。 常用短語 be buried in… bury oneself in… 埋頭于，專心于。。。。。。 12. a (great) numb

25、er of 許多大量的后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)） eg: A great number of students ___ against the plan(be). 歸納拓展 ①many, a great\ good many, , (quite) a few + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語動 ② much, a great deal of, (quite) a little + 不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語動詞 ③ plenty of, a lot of, lots of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)\不可數(shù)名詞 即學(xué)即練 The number of people invited 5

26、0, but a number of them absent. A. was; was B. was; were C. were; was D. were; were Period 2 Using language 詞匯知識 1. （n.）祝賀 (v.)祝賀 2. (v.) 判斷 (n)判斷 (n.)裁判員 3. (v.)尊敬 (adj.) 高尚的 4. (v.)表

27、示，表達(dá) (n.) 快車快遞 (n.)表達(dá)表情 5. (v.)騎自行車 (n.)騎自行車的人 重點(diǎn)詞組 1. a speech 作演講 2. be to do sth 樂意做某事 3. be proud 為…而自豪 4.have a conversation 和…交談 5.be known 因?yàn)?作為。。。而出名 要點(diǎn)探究 1. Congratulations! 祝賀你！ congratulation

28、(n.) 祝賀；（復(fù)數(shù)）賀詞 1）Congratulations on your passing exam!祝賀你通過了這次考試。 2）They received many letters of congratulation.他們收到了很多祝賀信。 【拓展】 congratulate （vt）祝賀 congratulate sb on sth因某事向某人祝賀 celebrate sth. 慶祝（節(jié)日等） 即學(xué)即練 3).I ________ them___their success我為他們的成功向他們表示祝賀。 2.You speech was heard by a g

29、roup of five judges, all of whom agreed that that it was the best one this year. 典例賞析 1). His father used to be a judge. 2). Don’t judge a man by his appearance. 自主探究 judge n. v. judge sb./ sth. by/from 通過……判斷…… judging from/by … 從……來看， 根據(jù)……判

30、斷 即學(xué)即練 (1) the hat he , the old man is a farmer.(2010·山東日照檢測) A. Judging from; is wearing B. Judging by; is having on C. To judge by; putting D. Judged by; is putting （2）.People can make silly mistakes about a person if they judge him ____ the clothes he wears. A.

31、by B. with C. accordingly to D. through 3 Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster. 典例賞析 1) Children should honour their parents 2) They went to Shanghai to honour their mother on her 80th birthday . 3）It was a great honour to be

32、 invited here today. 自主探究 honor (vt.) (n.) 常用短語 show/do honor to sb 對…表示敬意, 給……帶來榮譽(yù) in honor of /in one’s honor 為……紀(jì)念，以……名義 練習(xí) A party was held _____ the heroes who had helped saved thousands and thousands of lives in the earthquake in Sichuan. A. in time of B. in h

33、onor of C. in name of D. in place of Period 3 Grammar 定語從句----關(guān)系代詞的用法 一 定語從句的概念 1.在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。 2.引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有兩種:關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose ,as.關(guān)系副詞有where ,why, when等。 3.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間,有三個作用：①連接主從句(引導(dǎo)定語從句) ②指

34、代先行詞 ③在定語從句中做句子成分。 4.定語從句一般位于先行詞后面。 二 關(guān)系代詞的用法 1 who的用法 who引導(dǎo)定語從句時，在從句中做主語或賓語，（做賓語時可?。┫刃性~是人。 This is the man who helped me out of trouble. 他就是那個幫我解決困難的人。 I don’t know the woman who you spoke to just now. 我不認(rèn)識那個剛才你與她交談的婦女。 2 whom的用法 whom引導(dǎo)定語從句時，在從句中做賓語，（可省）先行詞是人。 The doctor whom/who you

35、 are looking for is in the room. 你找的那個醫(yī)生在房間里。 She’s a girl with whom you can talk freely. 她是一個你可以與之隨便交流的姑娘。 [注意]①whom 引導(dǎo)定語從句時不能用作從句的主語。 ② whom 可以構(gòu)成“介詞+whom”引導(dǎo)定語從句 3 whose 用法 whose引導(dǎo)定語從句時，在從句中做定語，意思為：“。。。的”，表示所屬關(guān)系，其先行詞可以是人，也可以是物。 He’s living in a room whose window faces the east. 他住在一個窗戶朝東的房間

36、里。 The boy whose spoken English is excellent draws our attention. 那個英語口語極好的男孩引起了我們的注意。 [知識拓展]“whose+n”引導(dǎo)的定語從句相當(dāng)于“the+n+of+which/whom”或“of which/whom+the+n.”引導(dǎo)的定語從句 ①.Please pass me the book whose cover is yellow and black. =please pass me the book the cover of which is yellow and black. 請把那本封面

37、是黑黃相間的書遞給我。 ②.We saw some people whose car had broken down. = We saw some people the car of whom had broken down. 4 that 與which的用法 that和which 在它們引導(dǎo)的定語從句中做主語或賓語，（做賓語時可?。﹖hat的先行詞既可以是人，也可以是物，which的先行詞是物。 They finally reached a storehouse that/which used to be a church. 他們最后到了一個曾經(jīng)是一個教堂的倉庫那里。 I ha

38、ve been keeping the presents that/which he sent me. 我一直保存著他送給我的禮物 [注意]在下列情況which和that 不能換用 1只用that不用which的情況： ① 先行詞是人時 We all like the new teacher that teaches us English. 我們都喜歡教我們英語的那位新老師 ② 先行詞是不定代詞all,few,little,much,many,some,something,nothing,anything,等時。 All that we have to do is to pr

39、actise every day. 我們所必須做的是就是每天練習(xí)。 I’ll do everything that I can(do) to help you. 我將盡一切努力來幫助你 ③ 當(dāng)先行詞被all, few, little, the only, any, no, the very等修飾時。 Every means that had been tried proved to be useless.嘗試過的每一種方法都被證明是無用的 He is the very man that I am looking for. ④ 當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級修飾時 The fi

40、rst lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 我將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我的第一堂課。 It’s the most interesting book that I ‘ve ever read. 這是我曾經(jīng)讀過的最有趣的書 ⑤ 當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時。 They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他們談起了他們所記得的學(xué)校里面的人和事。 一些以which/who開頭的特殊疑問句,為了避免重復(fù)，用that引導(dǎo)。 Which is the bo

41、ok that you want? Who is the child that lost his key? ⑥ 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時(只限于限定性定語從句) He is not the person that he was 30 years ago. [注意] that和who的先行詞都是人，但有時只用who ①He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到長城非好漢。 ② Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ③ God helps those who

42、 help themselves. 自助者天助。 總結(jié)：先行詞是①人稱代詞 ②someone/anyone等指人的不定代詞 ③those/one/ones指人時 [注意]定語從句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù) ① Do you know the boy who _ (be) standing under the tree? ② Do you know the boys who __ (be) standing under the tree? 總結(jié)：如果關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語,謂語動詞要與主語保持一致. She is one of the students who ___

43、(have) been to Beijing. She is the only one of the students who (have) been to Beijing. 5、as 的用法:(as 引導(dǎo)定語從句, 在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語) (1)在限制性定語從句中，多用于the same …as ;；such …as …; as many/much as；so …as等結(jié)構(gòu)中。如： 1. I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本和你的一樣的書。 2比較：Here is so big a stone as no one can

44、lift. （定語從句） Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（結(jié)果狀語從句） 定語從句練習(xí) 一、選擇題 1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother? A. who B. which C. whose D. / 2. This is the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C 3. He was the on

45、ly one ______ was saved in the earthquake. A. who B. that C. which D. A and B 4. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen. A. which B. who C. where D. / 5. All _______ I can do is to give him some money. A. that B. which C. who D. what 6. Is there

46、 anything else _____ you need? A. which B. that C. who D. what 7. The museum _____ we visited last week isn’t far from here. A. where B. which C. what D. who 8. Where is the scientist _____ gave us the talk yesterday? A. which B. that C. what

47、 D. / 9. The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman. A. which B. that C. it D. whom 10. She was becoming fat, ______ bothered her very much. A. which B. that C. it D. of whom 11. The reason ______ I can’t come is _______ I hav

48、e to work late. A. for, why B. why, because C. because, that D. why, that 12. She tells us that Lao Wang is a person _______ we can learn a lot. A. whom B. that C. from whom D. about whom 13. Is this the factory _____ you worked five years ago? A. in which B. in where C. in that D. that