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八年級(下)　Units 5—6 中考基礎(chǔ)知識梳理 類別 課標(biāo)考點要求 詞 匯 攻 關(guān) 1.heavy(adj.)→__heavily__(adv.)在很大程度上；大量地★ 2.sudden(adj.)→__suddenly__(adv.)突然；忽然★ 3.strange(adj.)→__stranger__(n.)陌生人 4.wood(n.)→__wooden__(adj.)木制的 5.fall(v.)→__fallen__(adj.)倒下的；落下的 →__fell__(過去式)★ →__fallen__(過去分詞)倒塌；跌倒；掉落 6.ice(n.)→__icy__(adj.)覆蓋著冰的；冰冷的 7.silence(n.)→__silent__(adj.)沉默的；寂靜的★ 8.west(n.)→__Western__(adj.)西方國家的；(尤指)歐美的；西方的(w可以小寫)★ 9.wife(n.)→__husband__(對應(yīng)詞)丈夫 →__wives__(pl.)妻子；太太 10.shine(v.)→__sunshine__(合成詞)(n.)陽光 →__shone__(過去式/過去分詞)發(fā)光；照耀 11.report(v.& n．)→__reporter__(n.)記者 12.rise(v.)→__rose__(過去式) →__risen__(過去分詞)升起；增加；提高 13.asleep(adj.)→__awake__(反義詞)醒著 14.beat(v.)→__beat__(過去式)★ →__beaten__(過去分詞)敲打；打敗 15.wind(n.)→__windy__(adj.)多風(fēng)的；有風(fēng)的★ 16.shoot(v.)→__shot__(過去式/過去分詞)射擊；發(fā)射 17.hide(v.)→__hid__(過去式) →__hidden__(過去分詞)隱藏；隱蔽 18.excite(v.)→__excitement__(n.)激動；興奮 →__exciting__(adj.)令人興奮的★ →__excited__(adj.)感到激動的；興奮的★ 19.truth(n.)→__true__(adj.)真正的；真實的 20.recent(adj.)→__recently__(adv.)不久前；最近 短 語 歸 納 1.(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲__go__off__ 2.進(jìn)入夢鄉(xiāng)；睡著__fall__asleep__ 3.逐漸變?nèi)酰恢饾u消失__die__down__ 4.看一看__have__a__look__ 5.前往；費力地前進(jìn)__make__ones__way__ 6.沉默；無聲__in__silence__ 7.拆除；往下拽；記錄__take__down__ 8.接電話__pick__up__(the__phone)__ 9.有點兒；稍微__a__little__bit__ 10.代替；反而__instead__of__ 11.變成__turn…into__ 12.從前__once__upon__a__time__ 13.愛上；喜歡上__fall__in__love__ 14.結(jié)婚__get__married__ 15.亂糟糟；一團糟 _in__a__mess__ 16.全世界_all__over__the__world__ 17.迷路 _get/be__lost__ 18.不要緊；沒關(guān)系 _never__mind__ 19.把某人帶到…… _lead__sb.to…__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) ( 含 情 景 交 際 ) 1.(詢問過去正在做什么)“昨晚八點你正在干什么？”“我正在洗澡。” —__What__were__you__doing__ at eight last night？ —I __was__taking__a__shower__. 2.外面沒有光亮，感覺就像半夜一樣。 __With__no__light__outside__，it felt like midnight. 3.本的爸爸正在拿幾塊木板蓋住窗戶，同時他媽媽在確認(rèn)手電筒和收音機都能正常使用。 Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom __was__making__sure__ the flashlights and radio were working. 4.他和家人來到外面，發(fā)現(xiàn)社區(qū)一片狼藉。 He went outside with his family and __found__the__neighborhood__in__a__mess__. 5.她記得當(dāng)時(自己)正在距離兩座塔樓不遠(yuǎn)的辦公室工作。 She __remembers__working__ in her office near the two towers. 6.我如此害怕，以至于從那以后我?guī)缀醪荒芮逦厮伎肌? I was __so__scared__ that I could hardly __think__clearly after that. 7.但是不把山移開，愚公還能做什么呢？ But what could Yu Gong do __instead__of__moving__the mountains？ 8.但是如果他不能把尾巴藏起來，他就不能把自己變成人。 But __unless__ he can hide his tail，he cannot __turn__himself__into__ a man. 9.有一年天氣太干旱，以至于糧食顆粒不長。 One year，the weather was __so__dry__that__ no food would grow. 10.你們一醒來就必須和你爸爸去森林里。 __As__soon__as__you__wake__up__，you must go to the forest with your father. 11.學(xué)?；@球比賽開始的時候，凱特還在來學(xué)校的路上。 When the school basketball petition started，Kate was still __making__her__way__to school. 12.絕大多數(shù)美國人還記得紐約世貿(mào)中心被恐怖分子撞毀時他們正在做什么。 Most Americans remember what they were doing _when__ the World Trade Center in New York _was__taken__down__by terrorists. 13.大約到了凌晨三點風(fēng)才逐漸平息下來，他也終于睡著了。 He finally fell asleep when the wind _was__dying__down__at around 3：00 a．m. 語法 1.過去進(jìn)行時(含when與while)(詳見第二編P128) 2.unless 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句(詳見第二編P143) 3.as soon as 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句(詳見第二編P142) 4.so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句(詳見第二編P143) 話題 Unit 5 Unforgettable events(難忘的事情) Unit 6 Legends and stories(傳說和故事) 素材包 描述難忘的事情或經(jīng)歷： 1.I will never forget the time when I got a gift from my mother. 2.For a long time，there was one thing that I would never forget. 3.There is always something unforgettable in my life，especially the friendship between my friends and me. 4.The time I spent with my grandparents in the countryside is unforgettable. 5.School life is unforgettable，which is kept in my mind all the time. 6.There is no doubt that our middle school life is colorful. 表達(dá)自己的感受： 1.This experience made me grow up.I have learnt a lot from it. 2.I find that helping others can bring us more happiness. 3.It made me understand giving is receiving. 4.The three years school life taught me a lot and I will remember it forever. 5.Thanks to the teachers and classmates，I enjoyed a meaningful school life. 貴陽中考重難點突破 　辨析sleep，sleeping，sleepy與asleep (教材八下P35) 【滿分點撥】 詞匯 詞性 含義 例句 sleep 動詞或名詞　 睡覺；入睡 Last night I slept very well.我昨天晚上睡得很好。(動詞) I have a good sleep.我好好睡了一覺。(名詞) sleeping 形容詞 ①睡著的；熟睡的； ②用于睡覺的(作定語) The sleeping baby is so cute.這個睡著的孩子真可愛。Please take a sleeping bag with you.請隨身攜帶一個睡袋。 sleepy 形容詞 困倦的；瞌睡的 She is always sleepy.她總是想睡覺。 I feel very sleepy now.我現(xiàn)在昏昏欲睡。 asleep 形容詞 睡著的(作表語) The children have been asleep.孩子們已經(jīng)睡著了。 He was too tired and fell asleep at once.他太累了，立刻就睡著了。 用sleep，sleeping，sleepy與asleep填空。 1．(熱點題)He stayed up all night to watch the xx FIFA World Cup，so he felt __sleepy__ in the daytime. 2．(原創(chuàng)題)He needs to take __sleeping__ pills(藥丸) to go to __sleep__． 3．(xx臨沂中考改編)Jimmy could not __sleep__ at first.He finally fell __asleep__ when the rainstorm stopped at midnight. 　pick up的用法(教材八下P34) 【滿分點撥】 含義 例句 接電話 I called you last night，but you didnt pick up.我昨晚給你打電話了，但是你沒接。 撿起；拾起 Jack picked up a wallet just now.杰克剛剛撿到了一個錢包。 (開車)接人 Ill pick you up at five.我五點鐘來接你。 接收(信號、聲音、圖像等) We were able to pick up the BBC World Service.我們能收到英國廣播公司國際頻道。 ( A )—Lucy，whats on the playground? —Oh，its Lilys school uniform.Could you please help her to______？ A．pick it up B．put it on C．give it out 　remind的用法(教材八下P42) 【滿分點撥】 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事I want to remind you of the rules for school parties.關(guān)于學(xué)校晚會，有幾個規(guī)定我想提醒你們。 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事Please remind me to post the letter on the way to school.請?zhí)嵝盐以谏蠈W(xué)的路上把信寄了。 remind sb.(that)從句，提醒某人……The teacher reminds students that they should obey school rules.老師提醒學(xué)生們要遵守校規(guī)。 ( B )1.(原創(chuàng)題)These photos ______ me ______ my beautiful college life. A．think；of B．remind；of C．wake；up ( A )2.(新信息題)Please remind me ______ The Readers II on TV at 8 p．m.on Saturday. A．to watch B．watch C．watching ( C )3.(xx安徽中考改編)—Im afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work. —Dont worry.I will ______ you then. A．notice　　　　B．a(chǎn)llow　　　　C．remind 　marry的用法(教材八下P44) 【滿分點撥】 詞　匯 意義及用法 marry sb. 娶某人；嫁給某人 be/get married (系表結(jié)構(gòu))“結(jié)婚；已婚”，表示某人是否結(jié)婚，而不涉及結(jié)婚的對象 be/get married to sb. 與某人結(jié)婚(介詞只能用to，不能用with) have/has been married (to sb.) 已經(jīng)(與某人)結(jié)婚，表示狀態(tài)，后跟“for＋時間段” 【溫馨提示】 詞組be married和get married，前者表示狀態(tài)，可以和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用并使用現(xiàn)在完成時；后者表示動作，為瞬間動詞，不可以和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時。如： We have been married for two years.＝We got married two years ago.我們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚兩年了。 ( B )1.(原創(chuàng)題)Huang Lei ______ Sun Li in 2004.They ______ for fourteen years. A．married；married B．married；have been married C．has married；married ( C )2.(2019預(yù)測)—Is Mary ______？ —Yes，she______ Bob for one year. A．marrying；was married with B．married；got married to C．married；has been married to 　辨析sound，noise與voice (教材八下P47) 【滿分點撥】 詞匯 含義 用法 例句 sound 聲音；響聲 大自然的任何聲音 At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他聽到一種奇怪的聲音。 Light travels much faster than sound.光傳播的速度比聲音快得多。 noise 噪音；喧鬧聲 常指不悅耳、不和諧的嘈雜聲 Dont make any noise！別吵鬧！The noise woke me up！噪音吵醒了我！ voice 嗓音 一般指人的聲音 The girl has a beautiful voice.那個女孩嗓音很美。 They are talking in a low voice.他們正小聲交談。 sound，noise，voice 1．(新信息題)I was amazed by Han Xues __voice__ in the program The Sound(《聲臨其境》)． 2．The __sound__ of the wind woke me up at midnight. 3．(原創(chuàng)題)I never heard any __noise__ from the children，but I often heard the parents shouting angrily at the kids. 　辨析nobody與none (教材八下P45) 【滿分點撥】 詞匯 nobody＝no one none 用法 只能指人，不能指物；兩者之后均不可接表示范圍的of短語 既可指人也可指物；且其后通常要接表示范圍的of短語 用作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù) none用作主語時，若指不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)；若指可數(shù)名詞，則謂語動詞可用單數(shù)(較正式)也可用復(fù)數(shù)(用于非正式文體) 強調(diào)“誰都沒有” 強調(diào)數(shù)量“一個都沒有” 【溫馨提示】 因為none否定的是一種數(shù)量，所以在回答how many或how much的提問時，通常用none；而在回答who的提問時，通常用no one或nobody。 ( C )1.(xx臨沂中考改編)We couldnt buy anything because ______ of the shops were open. A．a(chǎn)ll B．both C．none ( A )2.(xx重慶中考A卷改編)Sometimes when youre a teenager，you feel as if youre all alone and theres ______ you can talk to. A． nobody B．nothing C．none 隨堂知識鞏固 單項選擇。 ( B )1.Beth has a beautiful ______.Listen！She is singing beautifully.【考點?】 A．sound B．voice C．noise ( C )2.(xx定西中考改編)She ______ an English magazine when I came in. A．reads B．has read C．was reading ( A )3.(xx重慶中考B卷改編)It rained ______ yesterday.I had to stay at home. A．heavily B．quietly C．hardly ( C )4.(xx哈爾濱中考)—What were you and your father doing at 7：00 yesterday evening? —I was doing my homework______ my father was reading newspapers. A．when B．a(chǎn)s soon as C．while ( A )5.—What do you think of the movie Youth(《芳華》)? —It is moving and it ______ my grandma ______ the life in the countryside.【考點?】 A．reminds；of 　　　　B．lets；down C．wakes；up ( A )6.(2019預(yù)測)—Who lives with your grandmother? —______.She lives alone.I often go to see her.【考點?】 A．Nobody 　　　　B．Somebody C．Anybody ( A )7.(貴陽模擬)Cheer up，boys and girls.We should learn to be ______ enough to take on challenges! A．brave B．strict C．smart ( A )8.(xx貴港平南縣二模改編)—The boy kept doing his homework for 4 hours last night. —Yes.He was so tired that he ______ quickly.【考點?】 A．fell asleep B．fell down C．fell over ( C )9.(北部灣期中測試改編)When I got home，the rain began to beat heavily ______ the windows. A．on B．for C．a(chǎn)gainst ( C )10.(xx貴陽中考)Elephants have good memories.They can walk for a long time and never______． A．get worried B．get mad C．get lost 高頻話題寫作指導(dǎo) 難忘的經(jīng)歷 ◆話題解讀 “難忘的經(jīng)歷”屬于《中學(xué)英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中第24個話題——故事與詩歌，是以“曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過的令人難忘的事情”為主題的書面表達(dá)。 從命題角度上來看：主要是談?wù)撨^去的經(jīng)歷，可以是一件事情、一次活動或一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情，這些經(jīng)歷往往就發(fā)生在我們平時的生活中。所以此類作文通常從以下兩個角度命題： 1．和學(xué)生學(xué)校生活相關(guān)的難忘的事情或經(jīng)歷(如xx黔南中考，介紹你參加英語俱樂部活動的經(jīng)歷和感受)； 2．和學(xué)生日常生活相關(guān)的經(jīng)歷(如xx銅仁中考，講述自己在媽媽生日時為她做炒飯的過程和感受)。 從作文類型上來看：屬于記敘文類型的書面表達(dá)。我們要根據(jù)事件展開敘述，突出重點，以體現(xiàn)我們的情感和思想，從而使主題得以升華。 ◆核心詞匯和句型 1．詞匯 at that moment 就在那時 suddenly/all of a sudden 突然 for a long time 很長時間 during the vacation 在放假期間 an unusual experience 一次不同尋常的經(jīng)歷 develop friendship 建立友誼 have munication with… 與……進(jìn)行交流 on ones way home/to…在回家/去某地的路上 believe in 信任 in a petition 在一次比賽中 a singing petition 一場歌唱比賽 a speech contest 一場演講比賽 feel nervous 感到緊張 bee confident 變得自信 feel excited 感到興奮 2. 句型 I still remember the day last summer when I went for a picnic with my father.我仍然記得去年夏天我和爸爸去野餐的日子。 There is no doubt that parents have given me a lot since I was born.毫無疑問，父母從我出生時起給了我太多的東西。 Last Monday，we had a discussion about food waste at the class meeting.上周一，我們在班會上討論了食物浪費的問題。 These magic words touched my heart and I will never forget them.這些神奇的話語打動了我的心，我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記。 In my opinion，friends are the persons who can share happiness and sorrow with us.我認(rèn)為，朋友是那些能與我們分享快樂和憂愁的人。 Suddenly，Mr.White heard someone shouting for help.突然，懷特先生聽見有人在大聲呼救。 November 23rd was the most terrible day in my life！11月23日是我生命中最糟糕的一天！ I have an unforgettable story to share with you.我有一個難忘的故事想和你分享。 I thought the trip last week was very enjoyable.我認(rèn)為上周的旅行很愉快。 ◆典例剖析 假設(shè)你是李明，上周日你們班舉行了一次畢業(yè)聚會。請根據(jù)以下提示，向你的英國筆友Robert寫一封郵件，向他描述聚會的情況并談?wù)勀惝?dāng)時的感受。 一、寫作要點提示 1．時間：下午三點； 2．地點：學(xué)校大廳； 3．內(nèi)容：做演講；唱歌等。 二、寫作要求 1．語句通順，意思連貫，語法正確，書寫規(guī)范； 2．必須包含所給提示，并作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 3．詞數(shù)控制在80—100。 【審題指導(dǎo)】細(xì)讀所給的文字提示，可以提取以下信息： 1．本篇為應(yīng)用文，向你的英國筆友描述你們班畢業(yè)聚會的情況并談?wù)勀惝?dāng)時的感受； 2．此類型作文的主體時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過去時。 【寫作導(dǎo)圖】 PartyWhen：at 3：00 p．m. Where：in the hall Who：teachers；parents；students What：made a speech... How：happy... 【參考范文】 Dear Robert， We had a graduation party last Sunday.Long before 3：00 p．m.，all the students in my class couldnt wait to e to the hall.Our teachers and parents were invited to the party，too.First，our monitor made a wonderful speech.He thanked our teachers and parents sincerely.Next，we gave presents to each other.The most exciting moment was the show time.We sang，danced and played games.At last，our English teacher told a story which made us all laugh.Everyone was so happy.I think Ill remember the excellent party forever.Do you have such a party？Please write soon. Yours， Li Ming 【名師點評】本文的亮點之處有：1.層次清晰，首先介紹畢業(yè)聚會的時間及地點；正文具體介紹聚會情況，如人 物、活動等，并運用first，next，at last等詞使文章結(jié)構(gòu)更加清楚；文章結(jié)尾談自己參加畢業(yè)聚會的感受；2.精彩短語，如couldnt wait to do，made a speech，gave presents to each other等的使用，以及定語從句的運用使文章更加出彩；3.時態(tài)使用正確，因為文章談?wù)摰氖沁^去的經(jīng)歷，所以文章主體采用過去時態(tài)。 ◆自我測評 (xx嘉興中考改編)假設(shè)你是李華。上周六，你陪同來自美國結(jié)對學(xué)校的中學(xué)生 Peter體驗中國文化。請根據(jù)以下信息，用英語寫一篇短文向?？疎nglish Journey投稿，介紹本次活動內(nèi)容并分享感受。 Activities Feelings make zongzi … visit a tea museum learn Chinese characters 　　注意：1.短文必須包括表格中的所有內(nèi)容，并表達(dá)感受； 2．文中不得出現(xiàn)與你身份相關(guān)的信息； 3．詞數(shù)：80—100。 Last Saturday，I took Peter，a student from America，to experience some Chinese culture.　 In the morning，Peter and I went to visit a tea museum，where he learnt a lot about Chinese tea.After that，I took him home and taught him to make zongzi.Although it was a bit difficult，he still enjoyed it.In the afternoon，we had a Chinese class，learning the history of Chinese characters.He also tried to write some characters with a writing brush.　 Peter kept saying “Amazing” all the way，which made me really proud of our rich culture.