2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ) 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛與高考突破 專題03 形容詞和副詞.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ) 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛與高考突破 專題03 形容詞和副詞 【xx高考預(yù)測(cè)】 1.形容詞、副詞的位置以及易混淆的形容詞、副詞的用法。 2.形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)；形容詞、副詞前面使用冠詞的情況以及倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方法。 3.在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，所比較的人或事物之間的合理邏輯關(guān)系。 4.比較級(jí)的省略以及插入問(wèn)題。 5.復(fù)合形容詞的用法。 【難點(diǎn)突破】 難點(diǎn) 1 在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，所比較的人或事物之間的合理邏輯關(guān)系 1.Shanghai has a larger population __ in China. A. than any city B. than any cities C. than any other city D. than all other city 難點(diǎn) 2 比較級(jí)的省略以及插入問(wèn)題 2.Her health is . A. as poor as, if not poorer than, her sister’s B. as poor as, if not poorer than, her sister C. poor as her sister, if not poorer D. as Door . if not poorer than, her sister’s 難點(diǎn) 3 復(fù)合形容詞的用法 3.Many students signed up for the __ race meeting to be held next week. A. 800-meter-long B. 800-meters-long C. 800-meter-length D. 800-meter-length 【解析】 復(fù)合形容詞具備一般形容詞的性質(zhì)。根據(jù)形容詞的構(gòu)成，形容詞可以分為單詞形容詞和復(fù)合形容詞，如good和looking組成good-looking，well和 known組成well…known以及數(shù)詞 + 單數(shù)名詞 + 形容詞構(gòu)成，如five-year-old，在句中可以用作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。 【答案】 A 【變式探究】 2 The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than __ . A. ours B. those of ours C.it had for ours D. it did for us 答案: D 解析:用來(lái)指代 it had a more important meaning for us . 【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛】 3. to take adventure course will certainly learn a lot useful skills. A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave 【錯(cuò)誤解答】 A 【錯(cuò)解分析】 考生本題容易出錯(cuò)的地方是:通常單個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)要前置，所以常常誤選丸英語(yǔ)中有些形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置，如:大多數(shù)以字母a開頭的形容詞；形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)等。本題中，enou2h作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞通常要后置。又因?yàn)閟tudents作句子的主語(yǔ)，要放在句子的開頭，修飾它的形容詞放在其后。故答案為C。 【正確解答】 C 4.I don’t mind picking up your things from the store.____________, the walk will ao me good. A. Sooner or hater B. Still C. In time D. Besides 5. students are required to take part in the boat race. A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese 【錯(cuò)誤解答】 B 【錯(cuò)解分析】 本題容易受漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣的影響從而導(dǎo)致誤選。解答的關(guān)鍵是弄懂其排列順序問(wèn)題。可參見下文的“規(guī)律總結(jié)”。 【正確解答】 A 【特別提醒】 1.英語(yǔ)中某些副詞短語(yǔ)的意義和用法很重要。 這類短語(yǔ)常見的還有: more than， no more than， too much， much too， by far， more than， more… than， no less than， not less than 等，在平常練習(xí)中要加以注意。 2.意義相近的形容詞和副詞的用法要加以注意: hard， hardly; deep， deeply; high， highly; dead，deadly; most， mostly; fair， fairly; quite， fairly， rather; almost， nearly; such 等。 3.多個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，多用下列順序:性質(zhì)+大小+形狀+新舊+顏色，有時(shí)也要看與名詞的密切關(guān)系，越密切越靠近名詞。多個(gè)詞同時(shí)作前置定語(yǔ)時(shí)的一般排列規(guī)律是:代詞性定語(yǔ)+冠詞／指／物主／所有格+數(shù)詞(先序后基)+形容詞+國(guó)籍／材料／用途形容詞或名詞或動(dòng)名詞+被修飾的名詞。例如:a charming small round old brown French oak writing table. 【變式探究】 1 Excuse me, but can I borrow your pencil- box? A. blue cheap plastic B. cheap blue plastic C. plastic blue cheap D. plastic cheap blue 答案: B 解析:最近的是材料，最遠(yuǎn)的是一般性描繪形容詞cheap。 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2 形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)；形容詞、副詞前面使用冠詞的情況以及倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方法 1.David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels __ desire to go to bed. A. the most B. more C. worse D. the least 2. John is the tallest boy in the class, __ according to himself. A. five foot eight as la//as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as 【錯(cuò)誤解答】 A 【錯(cuò)解分析】 名詞foot在口語(yǔ)中和用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)形式可以是foot 或 feet 。在“as as”結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個(gè)as是副詞，修飾詞或副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度，后一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。 【正確解答】 B 3. Mary kept weighing herself to see how much__ she was getting. A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest 【錯(cuò)誤解答】 B 4. I think whoever makes __ tributions to the pany than others should get ine. A. greater; the higher B. more greater; a higher C. greater; the highest D. more greater; the highest 【錯(cuò)誤解答】 B或D 【錯(cuò)解分析】 在解答本題時(shí)，如果沒有把握好第一空和第二空的比較關(guān)系，那么就會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)選D或B.比其他人的收入都要高，所以是最高級(jí)了。 【正確解答】 C 【特別提醒】 1.形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)前的冠詞用法:形容詞最高級(jí)前須加the，副詞最高級(jí)前都可以。做表語(yǔ)的形容詞前如果沒有比較范圍和比較對(duì)象也可省去the，比較級(jí)在特指意義時(shí)須加the，泛指時(shí)可數(shù)單數(shù)須加a／an.Most + 原級(jí)形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中，前面用不定冠詞a，an或無(wú)冠詞時(shí)，并非是最高級(jí)意思，most意思為“very(非常)”。 2.形容詞比較級(jí)的倍數(shù)表達(dá)方式:比較級(jí)修飾詞+ as + adj.／adV.十a(chǎn)s和比較級(jí)修飾詞+ as + many／much+ n.+ as.在“as...as”結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個(gè)as是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。當(dāng)某些副詞如so,as,too,how等用來(lái)修飾名詞前的形容詞時(shí)；不定冠詞放在該形容詞之后，名詞之前。后一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。表示倍數(shù)的三個(gè)句 型是: (1)… times as + 形容詞原級(jí) + as…例如: This table is three times as big as that one. (2)… times +性質(zhì)名詞 + of … 例如: This table is three times bigger than that one. 3.比較級(jí)前可以用 even, still,a bit /little,much, a lot, far, by far, no, any等修飾，表示程度。最高級(jí)前可以有序數(shù)詞，by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really ,not quite, nothing like等來(lái)修飾。例如: —Is your father any better? 你父親好些了嗎？ —Yes,much better.是的，好多了。 I’d like to buy the second most expensive laptop. 4.形容詞副詞比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該相同但不能相互包容。常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)形式: 比較級(jí) + than +any other + 單數(shù)名詞；比較級(jí) + than + anyone else；比較級(jí) + than +any of the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 例如: China is larger than any other country in Asia /all the other countries in Asia. The weather here is colder than that of Huanggang. The puters made in our factory are better than those in your factory, 【變式探究】 3 Exercise is _ _ any other to lose unwanted weight. A. so useful a way B. as a useful way C. as useful a way D. such a useful way 答案: C 【xx高考突破】 1 When she woke up, she realized that the things she had dreamt about could not __ have happeend. A. possibly B. likely C. certainly D. usually 答案: A 解析:根據(jù)句意，“不可能”，而likely是形容詞。 2 I tried hard to get some information about the new tech nology out of his mouth, but he remained A. quite B. still C. silent D. calm 答案: C 解析:remain silent保持沉默。 5 From his __ voice on the phone I know everything is going under way. A. satisfactory B. satisfying C. satisfied D. satisfaction 答案: C 解析:satisfied表示“使某人對(duì)某物感到滿意”；satisfactory表示事物本身“令人滿意、符合要求”。 8 —He is a brave man. —We can’t admire his courage A. actually; very much B. indeed; too a lot C. really; too much D. truly; a bit 答案: C 解析:后者的意思是“再怎么佩服他的勇氣也不為過(guò)”。 9 Trees are good for man. We can’t plant them __ many. A. so B. such C. too D. enough 答案: C 12 －__ did you sleep last night? －I sat up reading too late to fall asleep. A. How long B. when C. How soon D. How 答案: D 解析:詢問(wèn)睡的怎么樣，用how。 15 —Now that you like the car so much, why not drive it back? —Well, I can’t afford __ car. A. that big a B. a that big C. that a big D. a big that 答案: A 解析:that相當(dāng)于so。 16.After a year training , Zhang Jian succeeded in swimming across the English Channel __ . A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in the end 答案: A 解析:at last最終。 19 I advise you to take school more seriously, otherwise you’ll have to go out and work __ . A. as a result B. now and then C. in a word D. at that moment 答案: A 解析:表示最終的結(jié)局。 22 —Goods imported from abroad are __ those made in China. — Yes. Some of the goods made in China are of high quality, A. not always better than B. always as good as C. no better than D. no longer better than 答案: A 23 The food she has prepared for the party is not enough, for there are __ people than she expected. A. so many B. so much C. many more D. much more 答案: C 解析:比較狀語(yǔ)從句。 26 —What do you think of what he said? —Oh, I’m sorry to say that nothing could be __ from the truth. A. further B. nearer C. wrong D. right 答案: A 27 — Would you like __ biscuits? — No, thanks. I’m full. A. some more B. any more C. much more D. any 答案: A 解析:再吃點(diǎn)。 28 _______ knowledge a man has, __ it is for him to get a good job. A. The more; more difficult B. The less; the easier C. The more; easier D. The less; the more difficult 答案: D 29 I like_____of the two films, for this is __than that one. A. both;not more interesting B. either; no more interesting C. neither; no more interesting D. either; not more interesting 答案: C 解析:兩者都不好看。 30 She traveled abroad and A. so my friend did B. neither her friend C. her friend didn’t either D. my friend did too 答案: B 33 We are_ moved because Mr.Smiths alway prepares his lessons ____ into the night. A. deeply; deeply B. deep; deep C. deeply; deep D. deep; deeply 答案: C 解析:表示抽象含義“深深地”用deeply. 36 — Peter, why didn’t you go to the flower show? —I think it’s something __ pleasant. A. far more B. far less C. too much D. much too 答案: B 解析:由語(yǔ)義可知，the flower show是不令人高興的事。Less+形容詞原形表示“不……”。 39 I’m glad to say that she has already finished____50% of the book in three days. A. no less than B. no more than C. not more than D. much less than 答案: A 解析:no more than僅僅，not more than不如， much less than比……少多了。 42 The captain did land us __ but the ship sank soon after it reached the port. A. safe B. safely C. safety D. saved 答案: A 解析:形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 43 He was lying in the hospital __ with his ribs broken. A. half dead B. deadly C. dying D. died 答案: A 解析:形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨情況。 44 The sailors returned twenty days later, A. felt ill, tired and unhappy B. illness, tiredness and unhappiness C. feeling ill; tiresome and unhappy D. ill, tired and unhappy 答案: D 解析:形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨情況。 47 Miss Hanna, my English teacher from America, left a __ impression on my mind in her first class. A. living B. long C. lasting D. lively 答案: C 解析:lasting持久的，又如a lasting peace持久的和平。 48 When you have finished reading the novel, you will find the her . A. a person too perfect to not true B. a too perfect person to be true C. too perfect a person to be not true D. too perfect a person to be true 答案: D 解析:考查 “too+形容詞 + a + 名詞”的表達(dá)。 如too hot a day. Ⅱ. 完型填空 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從50～70各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 School was over and I was both mentally and physically tired. I sat at the very front of the bus because of my 51 to get home. Sitting at the front makes you 52 out like a shiny coin in a pile of dull pennies. Janie, the driver, tries to break the 53 atmosphere by striking the match of 54 . I try to mind my manners and 55 listen, but usually I am too busy thinking about my day. On this day, 56 her conversation was worth lis tening to. “My father is sick,” she said to no one in 57 . I could see the anxiety and fear in her eyes. With a sudden change of attitude and interest, I asked, “What’s wrong with him?” With her eyes wet and her voice tight from 58 the rears, she responded, “Heart trouble.” Her eyes lowered as she 59 . “I’ve already lost my mum, so I don’t think I can stand losing him.” I couldn’t respond. I was 60 . My heart ached for her. I sat on the old, smelly seat thinking of the great 61my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, 62 still is, for her. I wonldn’t like anyone to go 63 that. Suddenly I realized Janie wasn’t only a bus driver. That was 64 her job. She had whole world of family and con cerns too. I had never thought of her as 65 but a driver. I suddenly felt very 66 . I realized I bad only thought of as 67 as what their purposes were in my life. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a driver. I had judged her by her job and brushed her off as 68. For all I know, I’m just another person in 69 else’s world, and may not even be important. I 70 not have been so selfish and self-centered. Everyone has places to go, people to see and appointment to keep. Understanding people is an art. 51. A. anxiety B. determination C. decision D. attempt 答案: A 55. A. politely B. devotedly C. carelessly D. sincerely 答案: A 解析:由mind my manners推斷，作者雖然忙于思別的事情，但還是“禮貌地”聽著。 56. A. however B. therefore C. thus D. otherwise 59. A. told B. lasted C. repeated D. continued 答案: D 解析:司機(jī)繼續(xù)往下說(shuō)。 60. A. for sure B. at ease C. in shock D. in despair 答案: C 解析:由下文My heart ached for her可知，司機(jī)的話讓作者很震驚。 61. A. mercy B. pain C. pity D. disappointment 答案: B 解析:外祖父的死使母親陷入巨大的悲痛之中。 65. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 答案: B 解析:never…anything but:nothing but僅僅，只是。在這以前我僅僅把她看作一個(gè)司機(jī)。 66. A. sad B. embarrassed C. selfish D. worried 答案: C 解析:結(jié)合上下文，今天的事情讓作者感覺很自私。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)自，每一行做出判斷；如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個(gè) (√)；如有錯(cuò)誤(每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)，則按下列情況改正： 該行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，也用斜線劃掉。 該行缺一個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(＾)，在該行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。 答案: 去掉World前的the people began moving out off the cities to surrounding 76. 答案: off改為of areas, calling suburbs, where they had more spaces. 77. 答案: calling改為called The growth of transportation— public trains or private 78. 答案: or改為and automobiles- made this possibly. Today, most city 79. 答案: possibly改為possible workers lives in the suburbs. They stream into the city every morning and out of the city each afternoon. 80. 答案: each改為every