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1、 第二部分第二部分 專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法 高效突破高效突破專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng)1010 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：在一般情況下用動(dòng)詞原形，若主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，一般在動(dòng)詞原形后加s或es。情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況直接加s readreads；loveloves以s，o，x，ch，sh結(jié)尾加es passpasses；boxboxes； teachteaches；washwashes以輔音字母y結(jié)尾將y變?yōu)閕，再加es carrycarries；studystudies不規(guī)則變化 havehas；beam/is/a
2、re2.2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly，never，every day，on Sundays，every evening，every month，once a week等。3 3一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常見標(biāo)志詞：often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，on Sundays，every week / month / year等He usually leaves for school at 7 in the
3、 morning.他經(jīng)常早上7點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。He is 11 years old.他11歲了。表示客觀事實(shí)、真理He said that the earth moves round the sun.他說地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。由when，after，before，as，as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和if，unless，as long as等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)Ill tell her when she comes tomorrow.她明天來(lái)的時(shí)候我會(huì)告訴她?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)1.1.一般過去時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：一般過去時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：
4、(1)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)句式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的過去式其他.I went to the cinema yesterday.我昨天去看了場(chǎng)電影。否定句主語(yǔ)didnt動(dòng)詞原形其他.I didnt go to the cinema yesterday.我昨天沒去看電影。一般疑問句及其答語(yǔ)Did主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ)did.否定回答：No，主語(yǔ)didnt / did not.Did you go to the cinema yesterday？你昨天去看電影了嗎？Yes，I did./ No，I didnt.是的，我去了。/ 不，我沒去。特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞did主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其
5、他？Where did you go yesterday？你昨天去哪了？I went to the cinema yesterday.我昨天去看了場(chǎng)電影。(2)be 動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)句式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語(yǔ)was / were其他.I was at home yesterday.我昨天在家。否定句主語(yǔ)wasnt / werent其他.I wasnt at home yesterday.我昨天沒在家。一般疑問句及其回答Were / Was主語(yǔ)其他？Were you at home yesterday？你昨天在家嗎？Yes，I was./ No，I wasnt.是的，我在家。 / 不，我不在家。特殊
6、疑問句特殊疑問詞were / was主語(yǔ)其他？Where were you yesterday？你昨天在哪？2 2動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞的變化規(guī)則：動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞的變化規(guī)則：(1)規(guī)則變化情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況加ed washwashed，helphelped以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾加d hopehoped，likeliked以輔音字母y結(jié)尾變y為i，再加ed carrycarried，studystudied結(jié)尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ed stopstopped，planplanned(2)不規(guī)則變化(見九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)課本P184附表)3 3一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：
7、一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday，last month，two weeks ago，in 1987，the day before yesterday ，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment，this morning，once upon a time，long long ago等。4 4一般過去時(shí)的用法：一般過去時(shí)的用法：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。常見標(biāo)志詞：yesterday，last night，in 1990，two days ago等I
8、got up at 6：30 yesterday.昨天我6：30起床。表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often，always等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用He always went to work by bus last year.去年他總是乘公交車上班?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.1.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成：一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成：如：I am going to Beijing next week.我打算下周去北京。It looks as if it is going to rain.天看上去好像要下雨了。一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形be going to+動(dòng)詞原形表示打算
9、或計(jì)劃將來(lái)要做的事表示根據(jù)跡象表明將要發(fā)生的事2 2一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，next week，soon，in段時(shí)間，in the future等。3 3一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)They will go to the cinema tomorrow.他們明天去看電影。表示將來(lái)的意愿、決心、許諾、命令I(lǐng) will do my best to catch up with them。我將會(huì)盡最大的努力趕上他們。Shall I open the door？我能打開門嗎？考點(diǎn)考
10、點(diǎn)4 4 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：由be動(dòng)詞(am，is，are)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則如下表：情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況加ing looklooking，workworking以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾去e，再加ing writewriting，dancedancing以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)先雙寫詞尾字母，再加ing beginbeginning，swimswimming以ie結(jié)尾的詞變ie為y再加ing diedying， lielying，tietying2 2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或標(biāo)志詞：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或標(biāo)志詞：now，
11、these days，at the moment，right now，look，listen等。3 3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常見時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：now，at present，at the moment，look，listen等The bell is ringing.Could you open the door？門鈴響了。你能開下門嗎？表示現(xiàn)階段長(zhǎng)期的、重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行We are making preparations for the conference these days.這些天我們一直在為會(huì)議作準(zhǔn)備。表示按
12、計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常見的動(dòng)詞：go“去”，come“來(lái)”，leave“離開”，start“開始”等，表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的詞How many of you are coming to the party next week？你們有多少人下周要來(lái)參加晚會(huì)？考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5 5 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.1.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：由be 動(dòng)詞(was / were)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。2 2過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at seven oclock yesterday evening，at this time last night，at that moment，from sev
13、en to nine yesterday等。3 3過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法：過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常見標(biāo)志詞：at nine last night，at that time，at this time yesterday，from.to.yesterday等He was cooking at six last night.昨天晚上六點(diǎn)他正在做飯。I was staying here from March to May last year.去年從3月到5月，我一直待在這里。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常用于含有when和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，此時(shí)，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的過程
14、中，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生了，則正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示，突然發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般過去時(shí)表示。在復(fù)合句中，如果主句和從句動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)性的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么都可以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。I was reading when he came in.He came in while I was reading.當(dāng)他進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，我正在讀書。When I saw him，he was cleaning his room.當(dāng)我看見他的時(shí)候，他正在打掃房間?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)6 6 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：由have / hashave / haseded分詞構(gòu)成。分詞構(gòu)成。2 2現(xiàn)在完
15、成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響；一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的過去時(shí)間。3 3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：(1)與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如“for時(shí)間段”或“since時(shí)間點(diǎn)”。如： I have lived in this city for more than 40 years.我在這個(gè)城市已生活了40多年。(2)與already，never，ever，just等過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：I have already found my book.我已經(jīng)找到我的書了。(3)與表示包含過去和現(xiàn)在的一整段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：latel
16、y，recently，in the past few years，these few years，these days，up to now，so far等。如：The famous writer has written a new book in the past two years.那位著名的作家在過去兩年時(shí)間里寫了一本新書。Have you seen her parents these days？這些天你看見她的父母了嗎？The Browns have visited a lot of places in China so far.迄今為止，布朗一家已經(jīng)參觀了中國(guó)的許多地方。4 4現(xiàn)在完成
17、時(shí)的用法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果以already，just和yet為標(biāo)志：表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)、剛剛或還沒有發(fā)生He has already got her help.他已得到她的幫助。He has just seen the film.他剛剛看過這場(chǎng)電影。He hasnt come back yet.他還沒有回來(lái)。以ever和never為標(biāo)志：表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)曾經(jīng)或從來(lái)沒有發(fā)生過This is the best film I have ever seen.這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的一部電影。He has never been to B
18、eijing.他從沒有去過北京。以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志：若某一動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生了若干次，則要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)He says he has been to the USA three times.他說他已經(jīng)去過美國(guó)三次了。以so far為標(biāo)志：表示到目前為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生He has got to Beijing so far.到目前為止他已到了北京。表示發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)刻的且持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并還要繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作(用行為動(dòng)詞表示)或狀態(tài)(be動(dòng)詞表示)，常與for(時(shí)間段)，since(時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過去時(shí)的句子)連用。此時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞Mary has been ill for t
19、hree days.瑪麗已經(jīng)病了三天了。十年真題十年真題全練全練 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是安徽近十年英語(yǔ)中考單項(xiàng)填空的必考點(diǎn)，其語(yǔ)境設(shè)置靈活，多數(shù)題沒有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)提示，需要通過分析另一語(yǔ)句來(lái)判斷時(shí)態(tài)，淡化了依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)判斷時(shí)態(tài)的考查方式?？疾榈膬?nèi)容多為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)共六種時(shí)態(tài)，每年1題，交替考查。 預(yù)計(jì)在2018年安徽英語(yǔ)中考中，單項(xiàng)填空仍然會(huì)有1道題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，其中以考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、 一般將來(lái)時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的可能性較大。1. 2008安徽，44題The dress B B smooth and soft.Afelt Bfeels
20、Cis felt Dis feeling22014安徽，48題As we all know，the Silk Road B B China to the west in ancient times.Aconnects BconnectedCwill connect Dis connecting32010安徽，41題Have you ever been to Shanghai，Mary?Yes.I D D there for three days with my parents last month.Ahave gone Bhave beenCwent Dwas42008安徽，41題I call
21、ed you just now，but nobody answered.Where A A ？I was out with my mother.Awere you Bare youChave you gone Dhave you been52014安徽，41題Mr.Wang has left for Guangzhou.He C C a speech there in two days.Agives BgaveCwill give Dhas given62012安徽，41題Lets discuss the plan，shall we?Not now，I_C C_ to an interview
22、.Ago BwentCam going Dwas going72015安徽，37題Cathy，can you answer the door？I D D the room.Im coming，mum.Aclean BcleanedChave cleaned Dam cleaning82013安徽，36題I cant find David.Where is he？He _B B_for tomorrows competitions at home.Aprepares Bis preparingChas prepared Dprepared92009安徽，47題Alice，turn down th
23、e TV，please.I _C C_on the phone.Oh，sorry.Ahave talked BtalkedCam talking Dtalk102016安徽，41題I saw Sam and David in the playground yesterday afternoon.They D D games with their classmates then.Aplay Bwill playCare playing Dwere playing112010安徽，47題Why didnt you go to the cinema with us this afternoon?I
24、A A at the station for my uncle from Beijing.Awas waiting Bhave waitedCam waiting Dwill wait122017安徽，34題I am surprised at the new look of my hometown，for it D D a lot over the years.Achanged BchangesCwill change Dhas changed132011安徽，37題He promised to pick me up at the school gate.However，he _D D_yet
25、.Adidnt arrive Bdoesnt arriveCisnt arriving Dhasnt arrived142009安徽，40題Prison Break is the best American TV play that I C C these years.Awatch Bwill watchChave watched Dwas watching猜押預(yù)測(cè)猜押預(yù)測(cè)1Grandpa _ glasses when he reads.Awears BworeChas worn Dwas wearing2My parents are always worried about what wil
26、l happen if I _Asucceeded Bwont succeedCwill fail Dfail3Have you finished your homework yet?Yes.I _ it twenty minutes ago.Ahave finished BfinishedCwill finish Dhad finished4Robert turned on the computer and _ an email to his friend.Asent Bsend CsendsDwill sendA AD DB BA A 5Just go down the road，and
27、you _ the library next to the bank.Asee Bsaw Chave seen Dwill see6I _ the shop.Can I get you anything?Ago to Bwent to Chave gone to Dam going to7Look，so many people are running out of the station.I wonder what _Ais happened Bwas happeningCis happening Dhad happened82016青島中考William Shakespeare _ for 400 years，but his works still have great influence today.Adied Bwas dyingChas died Dhas been dead92015青島中考How many times _ Carl _to the Great Wall?Only once.Adoes；go Bdid；goChas；gone Dhas；beenD DD DC CD DD D
安徽省中考英語(yǔ) 第二部分 專題語(yǔ)法 高效突破 專項(xiàng)10 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)課件
