獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) (2)

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1、 “V—ing或—ed形式”短語作狀語時，其實就是狀語從句在主從句主語一致的情況下省略的結(jié)果。所以通常情況下，“V—ing或—ed形式”作狀語時其邏輯主語是和主句的主語一致的。在前后主語不一致的情況下，我們通常采用“V—ing或—ed形式”短語前加上其邏輯主語一起構(gòu)成主句的狀語部分，因此我們就把自帶邏輯主語的“V—in

2、g或—ed形式”結(jié)構(gòu)叫做“獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”。 事實上，在英語中，“獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”還可以由“邏輯主語+不定式、名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等”構(gòu)成，其功能相當于“with復合結(jié)構(gòu)”或“非限制性定語從句”。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號與主句分開. 1. 與狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化 1). All the work finished, he sat down for a coffee. 【= When all the work was finished, he sat down for a coffee.】 2). Weather permitting, we will go swimming

3、tomorrow. 【= If weather permits, we will go swimming tomorrow.】 3). The boy being late, his teacher was very angry. 【= As the boy was late, his teacher was very angry. 】 4) Everything taken into consideration, the event was a great event. 【= When everything taken into consideration, the event w

4、as a great event.】 5) There being something more important to attend to, he had to cancel the appointment with me. 【= As there was something more important to attend to, he had to cancel the appointment with me.】 6). The floor wet, they stayed outside. 【= As the floor was wet, they stayed outsid

5、e.】 2. 與with復合結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)化 1). A lot of homework to do, I have to stay home all day. 【=With a lot of homework to do, I have to stay home all day.】 2）The president entered the meeting room, his secretary following him. 【=The president entered the meeting room, with his secretary following him.】

6、3). The crazy man, a gun in his hand, was trying to kill his wife. 【=The crazy man, with a gun in his hand, was trying to kill his wife.】 3. 與非限制性定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化 1). The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent having been launched at the end of last month. 【=The coun

7、try has already sent up three unmanned spacecrafts, the most recent of which was launched at the end of last month.】 2). The old farmer raised 10 pigs, two weighing 200kg. 【=The old farmer raised 10 pigs, two of which weighed 200kg.】 鞏固聯(lián)系 　　1. Everything ___ into consideration, they ought to hav

8、e another chance. 　　A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. taking 　　2. An expert ___ to help them tomorrow, they are sure to work out the problem. 　　A. will come B. coming C. to come D. having come 　　3. The meeting ___ over, he went to pick up his son directly 　　A.

9、to be B. is C. was D. being 　　　　4. --- They sat still in the room, ___. 　　　　--- Why did they do like that? 　　　　A. drawing the curtains B. with the curtains drawn 　　　　C. with the curtains drawing D. having the curtains drawn 　　　　5. The sun ___, they continued their

10、 way. 　　　　A. has risen B. having risen C. has raised D. having raised 　　　　6. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ___ at the end of last March. 　　　　A. has been launched B. having been launched 　　　　C. being launched D. to be launched 　

11、　　　7. Here are two volumes, the third one ____ next month. 　　　　A. comes out B. came out C. coming out D. to come out 　　　　8. With his son___ , the old man felt unhappy. 　　　　A. to disappoint B. to be disappointing 　　　　C. disappointing D. being disappointed 　　　　9. --- Come o

12、n, please give me some ideas about the project. 　　　　---Sorry. With so much work ___ my mind, I almost break down. 　　　　A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled 　　　　10． John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___ , he gladly accepted it . 　　　　A. finished

13、B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished 　　　　11. ___, I had to ask for two days’ leave. 　　　　A. Mother being ill B. Mother ill C. As mother was ill D. A, B and C 　　　　12. With so many books ___, I couldn’t go to surf the Internet. 　　　　A. to read B. to be read C. readin

14、g D. read 　　　　13. The thief stood before the policeman ____ admitting what he had done. 　　　　A. with his dropping head B. dropping his head 　　　　C. raising his head D. with his head down 　　　　14. Winter ___, it is time to buy warm clothes . 　　　　A .has come on B. is coming

15、 on C. coming on D. comes on 　　　　15. The old man lay on his back at the corner of the street, his eyes ___ and his hands ___. 　　　　A. close, tremble B. closed, trembling 　　　　C. closing, trembling D. closed, trembled 　　　　16. With nothing __ to burn, the fire became weak and fi

16、nally died out . 　　　　A. leaving B. leave C. left D. to leave 　　　　17. It was a pity that the great writer died ___ his works unfinished . 　　　　A. for B. with C. of D. from 　　　　18. I couldn’t do my homework with that noise ___ on. 　　　　A. to go B. went C. going

17、 D. goes 　　　　19. ___ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. 　　　　A. Because of B. With C. As for D. Besides 　　　　20. Tom came home, ___. 　　　　A. a dog following him B. a dog followed him 　　　　C. being followed him D. a dog was followed him 　　 　　 　　　參考答案： 　　BCDBB BDCBA DADCB CBCBA