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1、對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P P179179 語(yǔ)法歸納歸納語(yǔ)法歸納語(yǔ)法 分類(lèi)詳解分類(lèi)詳解一、不定冠詞的用法1表示人或事物的某一類(lèi)This is a computer,not a television.這是電腦,不是電視。A car runs faster than a bike.汽車(chē)比自行車(chē)跑得快。2相當(dāng)于oneGive me a glass of water.給我一杯水。3相當(dāng)于any,every,perA square has four sides.正方形有4條邊。4某一個(gè)A Mr.Smith has called to see you.有位史密斯先生打電話要見(jiàn)你。5表示一種,一場(chǎng)或某次動(dòng)作
2、的一次,一番It was a just war.那是一場(chǎng)正義之戰(zhàn)。6表示引起某種情緒的事Its a pleasure to talk with you.很高興與你交談。7表示性質(zhì)特征等“相同”They are of a height.他們一樣高。二、定冠詞the的用法1特指某人某事(1)這些人或事往往是第二次提到的John bought a TV set and a radio,but he returned the radio the next day.約翰買(mǎi)了一臺(tái)電視和一個(gè)收音機(jī),但次日他就把收音機(jī)退了回去。(2)說(shuō)話的人和聽(tīng)話的人之間彼此都了解的事物Open the door,pleas
3、e.請(qǐng)打開(kāi)門(mén)。Could you please pass me the dictionary?請(qǐng)把詞典遞給我好嗎?(3)介詞短語(yǔ)或分詞短語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞前The girl sitting on the grass is from Australia.坐在草地上的女孩來(lái)自澳大利亞。This is the umbrella that I promised to lend you.這就是我答應(yīng)借給你的雨傘。2獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞前加theThe earth moves round the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。(the moon,the universe,the sky,the world)3用在
4、發(fā)明物的單數(shù)前The radio was invented in 1915.收音機(jī)是1915年發(fā)明的。4在序數(shù)詞及形容詞最高級(jí)前Sunday is the first day of the week.周日是一周的第一天。Canada is the second largest country in the world.加拿大是世界上第二大國(guó)。5加在姓氏前,表示一家人The Whites are going to visit China next month.懷特一家下月來(lái)中國(guó)參觀。6表示樂(lè)器名稱和表示方位的名詞前Child as he was,he played the violin very
5、 well.盡管還是個(gè)小孩,他的小提琴拉得相當(dāng)好。Beijing,the capital,lies in the north of China.首都北京位于中國(guó)北部。7由普通名詞或形容詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前the United Nations聯(lián)合國(guó)the Peoples Republic of China中華人民共和國(guó)the Great Wall長(zhǎng)城8某些專有名詞前the Pacific Ocean太平洋the Times時(shí)代9某些形容詞、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞前表示一類(lèi)人the rich the poor the wounded the living the disabled The young s
6、hould show respect for the old.年輕人應(yīng)尊重老年人。10可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前表示一類(lèi)The panda is a lovely animal.注:表示在原有基礎(chǔ)上再一次時(shí),序數(shù)詞前用aI have been to America three times,and I am going there a fourth time next week.我已去過(guò)美國(guó)三次,下周還將再去一次。沒(méi)有給出范圍時(shí),most不表示最高級(jí),而相當(dāng)于veryEnglish is a most useful language.英語(yǔ)是一門(mén)非常有用的語(yǔ)言。Lesson VI is a most diff
7、icult lesson.It is the most difficult lesson in Book .第六課很難,它是第二冊(cè)書(shū)中最難的一課。三、不用冠詞的情況1專有名詞前London is the capital of Britain.倫敦是英國(guó)首都。2表示籠統(tǒng)概念時(shí),物質(zhì)名詞,抽象名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,一般不加冠詞Iron is a very useful metal.鐵是有用的金屬。We must combine theory with practice.我們必須理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際。Bill likes dogs,horses and beautiful birds.比爾喜歡狗,馬以及美麗的鳥(niǎo)
8、。3學(xué)科名稱,球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng),棋類(lèi)游戲,競(jìng)賽技能等詞前We study politics,mathematics and English.我們學(xué)政治,數(shù)學(xué)和英語(yǔ)。They all like to play basketball.他們都喜歡打籃球。He is good at chess.他棋下得很好。4季節(jié),月份,星期,節(jié)日,一日三餐名詞前Spring has come.春天來(lái)了。School begins in September.九月開(kāi)學(xué)。We usually have breakfast at seven.我們通常七點(diǎn)吃早飯。October the first is National Day.十
9、月一日是國(guó)慶節(jié)。5可數(shù)名詞前,已有物主代詞,不定代詞,名詞所有格,及kind of,sort of,type of,piece of等作定語(yǔ)時(shí)Our Party is a great party.我們的黨是偉大的黨。No book can teach a language perfectly.光靠書(shū)本知識(shí)是學(xué)不好語(yǔ)言的。This is the best kind of typewriter.這是最好的打字機(jī)。There is a piece of bread on the table.桌上有片面包。6名詞作表語(yǔ)或作專有名詞同位語(yǔ),表示某人的頭銜、職位時(shí)She was appointed vicedirector of the state farm.她被任命為農(nóng)場(chǎng)副場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)。He is head of the biology department.他是生物系主任。7描述交通方式時(shí)He came by train他乘火車(chē)來(lái)。(air,bus,car,boat,sea.)對(duì)應(yīng)專題對(duì)應(yīng)專題 分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練 溫溫示示提提馨馨