2019版高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)選題 Unit 4 Global warming（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc

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Global warming 一、閱讀理解。 One of the main creators of the World Wide Web，Sir Tim BernersLee has warned that the fast growth of the Internet is also creating serious problems. He especially warns of false information being easily spread around the Internet，“A great danger is that it bees a place where untruths start to spread more than truths，or it bees a place which bees increasingly unfair in some way.” In particular, he mentions the phenomena of blogging.Blogging enables friends and contacts to easily spread information.However, he argues that people may too easily trust information mentioned in a blog.This inaccurate information can then easily bee an accepted truth on the Internet. He suggests that the most important development of the Internet will be in creating ways of allowing people to check the correctness of information by providing original sources.Sir Tim admits that this is an important challenge.It’s interesting to note that Wikipedia(維基百科) has had to take steps to prevent false information from being added to the biographies of living people.It’s easy for anybody to edit the open source.However，some people have pointed out that it has been used to spread false materials.In seeking to raise standards，Wikipedia has sought to stop the false materials. At the same time there is a growing view that the Internet has had a great effect on the way millions of people work.The last two years have seen a big growth in the use of the Internet.There appears no slowdown in the growth of the Internet with increasing access in the developing countries.Sir Tim says another major challenge will be to provide free Internet for everybody.Sir Tim has recently launched a new joint initiative(倡議) between the University of Southampton and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create the first degree in Web science.The two schools hope to raise the standards of web content. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速發(fā)展所帶來(lái)的一些問(wèn)題。 1．What is the especially serious problem that Sir Tim refers to? A．The growth of the Internet is too fast. B．The Internet has a side effect on young children. C．The Internet panies pete against each other in an unfair way. D．The false information spreads rapidly on the Internet. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的第一句可知，他認(rèn)為虛假的信息在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上流傳是尤其嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，故選D。 2．According to the last paragraph，the purpose of the joint initiative is to___________ ． A．provide free Internet access to the poor countries B．improve the reliability of online content C．create the first degree in science and technology D．enlarge the use of the Internet B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“the University of Southampton and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create the first degree in Web science.The two schools hope to raise the standards of web content”可知，這個(gè)聯(lián)合倡議的目的是提高網(wǎng)上內(nèi)容的可信度，故選B。 3．We can infer from the text that___________ ． A．Sir Tim has built two schools recently B．the Internet is harmful to the people’s health C．Sir Tim hopes everyone can use the Internet for free D．the Internet develops slowly in the developing countries C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Sir Tim says another major challenge will be to provide free Internet for everybody.”可知，Sir Tim 希望每一個(gè)人都能免費(fèi)上網(wǎng)，故選C。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Father is strongly opposed to ________ (go) shopping on Sunday because the streets and supermarkets are full of people. 答案：going　be opposed to ... “反對(duì)……”，其中to為介詞，其后應(yīng)接名詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 2．The prices of this kind of wine ranged ________ ten yuan ________ 100 yuan per bottle. 答案：from; to　range from ... to ... “在某范圍內(nèi)變化”。 3．Though he is less than one year old, he is strong enough to walk ________ (steady)． 答案：steadily　副詞作狀語(yǔ)，在句中修飾動(dòng)詞walk。 4．Do you know how the accident came ________ ? 答案：about　e about “發(fā)生”。 5．With Spring Festival approaching, prices of fruit and vegetables ________ (go) up. 答案：have gone　go up “上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起”。 6．Quantities of money ________ (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married. 答案：have been spent　“a quantity of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞的數(shù)保持一致；而“quantities of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。且由since可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，再根據(jù)money與spend之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填have been spent。 7．How many times do you dine out per week ________ average? 答案：on　on average “平均起來(lái)；平均來(lái)說(shuō)”。句意：你平均每周在外用餐多少次？ 8．Under these ________ (circumstance), what matters most is not only our persistence but also our attitude. 答案：circumstances　under these circumstances “在這些情況下”。 9．The gap between the rich and the poor has a ________ (tend) to bee wider and wider. 答案：tendency　由設(shè)空前的a可知，應(yīng)填名詞形式，tendency “趨勢(shì)；傾向”。 10．The heavy snow can easily result ________ many accidents in winter. 答案：in　result in “導(dǎo)致”。 三、完形填空。 It was 3 am，a cold and wet night，on August 21,2010.I had just left a local club to travel ten kilometers home when I lost __1__ of my car on Grand Junction Road in Hope Valley. I __2__ into a still car that was __3__ in front of a house，and then hit a tree.I was badly injured！__4__ still，I had no idea that a fire had started __5__ the bonnet (引擎蓋)of my car. __6__ in the car behind me was a young man，who I later found out was called Jared.He saw the accident occur and __7__ to help me out of the car.He put his own life in __8__ when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt. With my seat belt __9__ ，Jared then broke the drivers window to drag me out.He __10__ did this while my car was burning.__11__ by the crash，the homeowners came out to investigate(調(diào)查)．Jared told them to ring emergency services __12__ he continued to help me out of the car. I __13__ my life to Jared and I consider him a good friend due to the __14__ bond created on the night he dragged me to safety.I was rushed to the Royal Adelaide Hospital in a __15__ condition，five bones broken. I spent a few weeks in hospital，during which time Jared visited me to see how I was __16__.He also continued to contact me after I returned home.He says he doesnt believe that he did anything special.On that，I __17__ disagree with him and am very glad that he didnt get hurt in the __18__. Today，nearly seven years later，Jared and I still __19__ and often talk about the events of that night.Jared is my __20__ and my friend. 1．A.balance B．sight C．interest D．control 2．A.got B．stepped C．crashed D．hid 3．A.kept B．parked C．found D．stood 4．A.Worse B．Luckily C．Clearly D．Badly 5．A.off B．under C．near D．beyond 6．A.Sitting B．Sleeping C．Driving D．Waiting 7．A.stopped B．failed C．happened D．hesitated 8．A.practice B．hand C．safety D．danger 9．A.renewed B．undone C．repaired D．fastened 10．A.hardly B．gradually C．bravely D．naturally 11．A.Annoyed B．Dragged C．Warned D．Woken 12．A.while B．a(chǎn)lthough C．until D．since 13．A.devote B．owe C．take D．save 14．A.bloody B．social C．special D．loose 15．A.nervous B．pleasant C．normal D．serious 16．A.recovering B．operating C．struggling D．relaxing 17．A.eventually B．exactly C．totally D．probably 18．A.spot B．process C．way D．challenge 19．A.take care B．fit in C．drop in on D．keep in touch 20．A.angel B．owner C．doctor D．driver 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。七年前的一個(gè)夜晚，“我”的車(chē)失控撞到前面的車(chē)輛和樹(shù)木，然后起火，“我”受了重傷，“我”后邊的車(chē)?yán)锏哪贻p人勇敢將“我”從車(chē)?yán)锞瘸鰜?lái)并把“我”送到醫(yī)院?！拔摇笨祻?fù)后和那個(gè)年輕人成了好朋友。 1．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“hit a tree”可推知，“我”的車(chē)失控了。lose control of...為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)……失去控制”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 2．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“hit a tree.I was badly injured！”可推知，“我”撞上了一輛車(chē)?！癱rash into…”為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“撞上……”。故選C。 3．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“a still car”和空格后的“in front of a house”可推知，“我”撞上了一輛停在房子前面的車(chē)。B項(xiàng)意為“停放(汽車(chē)等)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 4．A　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“I had no idea that a fire had started...”可推知，撞車(chē)本來(lái)就是一件很糟糕的事，而著火則令事情更加糟糕。worse still意為“更糟糕的是”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 5．B　考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“the bonnet(引擎蓋)of my car”可推知，車(chē)的引擎蓋下面著火了，而作者并不知情。B項(xiàng)意為“在……下面”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 6．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“He saw the accident occur...”及語(yǔ)境可知，這個(gè)年輕人目擊了這起事故；由此可推知，他當(dāng)時(shí)應(yīng)該是在我后面開(kāi)車(chē)。故選C。 7．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文所描述的這個(gè)年輕人救“我”的過(guò)程可推知，此處是指他停下自己的車(chē)然后把“我”從車(chē)?yán)锞瘸鰜?lái)。stop to do sth.意為“停下來(lái)去做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 8．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，“我”的車(chē)撞到了一輛車(chē)并起火；由此可推知，這個(gè)年輕人是冒著生命危險(xiǎn)將“我”從車(chē)?yán)镒С鰜?lái)的。put...in danger為固定搭配，意為“將……置于危險(xiǎn)之中”。故選D。 9．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上一段中的“when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt”可推知，他先解開(kāi)了我的安全帶。B項(xiàng)意為“解開(kāi)，松開(kāi)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 10．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“while my car was burning”可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)車(chē)還在著火，所以將“我”從車(chē)?yán)镒С鰜?lái)很危險(xiǎn)，他的這個(gè)行為很勇敢。C項(xiàng)意為“勇敢地”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。 11．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)文章第一句中的“It was 3 am, a cold and wet night”可知，此處指這家人被這場(chǎng)事故吵醒。D項(xiàng)意為“弄醒，醒來(lái)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 12．A　考查連詞辨析。句意為：Jared告訴他們打急救電話，同時(shí)繼續(xù)把“我”從車(chē)中拽出來(lái)。while意為“與……同時(shí)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩件事同時(shí)發(fā)生。故選A。 13．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。此處指“我”能活下來(lái)是因?yàn)镴ared。 owe...to...為固定用法，意為“將……歸功于……”。故選B。 14．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“created on the night he dragged me to safety”可知，此處是指在Jared救“我”的那晚我們就建立了特殊的聯(lián)系。C項(xiàng)意為“特別的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。 15．D　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“five bones broken”可知，“我”被送往醫(yī)院時(shí)斷了五根骨頭；由此可推知，“我”的傷勢(shì)很?chē)?yán)重。D項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)重的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 16．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及常識(shí)可知，Jared來(lái)醫(yī)院是看“我”恢復(fù)得怎么樣了。A項(xiàng)意為“康復(fù)，恢復(fù)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 17．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)前一句“He says he doesnt believe that he did anything special.”可知，他認(rèn)為自己并沒(méi)有做什么特別的事情。而“我”在這一點(diǎn)上完全不同意他的看法，因?yàn)樗攘恕拔摇钡拿?。C項(xiàng)意為“完全地，全部地”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。 18．B　考查名詞辨析。此處是指“我”很慶幸他在營(yíng)救“我”的過(guò)程中沒(méi)有受傷。B項(xiàng)意為“過(guò)程”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 19．D　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“often talk about the events of that night”可知，多年后我們?nèi)匀槐３种?lián)系。D項(xiàng)意為“保持聯(lián)系”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 20．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，Jared救過(guò)“我”的命，因此“我”覺(jué)得他是“我”的天使、“我”的朋友。A項(xiàng)意為“天使”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．The doctor treated average of 20 patients per day. ______________________________________________________ 答案：average前加an　an average of ... “平均有……”。 2．It always take me two hours to finish my homework. ______________________________________________________ 答案：take→takes　It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. “某人花費(fèi)……時(shí)間做某事”，本句描述一般事實(shí)。 3．A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, resulted in an increase in production. ______________________________________________________ 答案：resulted→resulting　句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞were introduced且兩句間無(wú)連詞，故此處應(yīng)用result的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 4．In the city center, we have to put up noise. ______________________________________________________ 答案：up后加with　put up with “忍受”。 5．As a result the pilots strike, all the flights had to be cancelled. ______________________________________________________ 答案：result后加of　as a result of ... “由于……”，后接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)。 五、短文改錯(cuò) Chinese is one of the worlds most widely spoken languages.There are much different types of Chinese.For example，one type known as Mandarin，had almost a billion speakers.Outside of China，Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese munities worldwide.The different kinds of Chinese language use a same script.While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted，but it is not usually necessary to have written documents translating.In the early twenty century，a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese，that is now the official language of China.It is one of the official language of the United Nations to develop more effectively munication. 【答案】 Chinese is one of the worlds most widely spoken languages.There are different types of Chinese.For example，one type known as Mandarin， almost a billion speakers.Outside of China，Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese munities worldwide.The different kinds of Chinese language use same script.While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, it is not usually necessary to have written documents .In the early century，a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese， is now the official language of China.It is one of the official of the United Nations to develop more munication. 第一處：much改為many?？疾橄薅ㄔ~。根據(jù)下文的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)“types”可知，此處應(yīng)用many修飾。 第二處：had改為has?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)文章可知，此處描述客觀情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 第三處：在Chinese前加by。考查介詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示漢語(yǔ)“被”說(shuō)，故應(yīng)添加by，表示“被，由”。 第四處：a改為the。考查冠詞。the same表示“相同的”。 第五處：刪除but?？疾檫B詞。句首While意為“盡管，雖然”，不能和but連用。 第六處：translating改為translated?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為have sth.done結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“使某事被做”，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 第七處：twenty改為twentieth。考查序數(shù)詞。此處應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞表示“在二十世紀(jì)早期”。 第八處：that改為which?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且此處關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是Modern Standard Chinese，故將that改為which。 第九處：language改為languages。考查固定用法?！皁ne of＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”為固定用法，故此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第十處：effectively改為effective?？疾樾稳菰~。此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞，表示“更有效的溝通”。