2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練題 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 一、閱讀理解。 Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents By David Stabler ISBN 9780062358684 Type: Historical nonfiction In the 20 stories of 20 different U.S. presidents in this book, we learn that our country’s leaders are not so different from us. They, too, were once kids with ordinary problems. They struggled with schoolwork and angered their parents. Dwight Eisenhower dealt with bullies. Bill Clinton struggled with his weight. Barack Obama moved to Indonesia with his mother when he was just a boy, and had to get used to a new culture. Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins? By Liz Kessler ISBN 9781444013986 Type: Fantasy Jessica Jenkins always thought she was a regular kid. Then, one day, she gets the surprise of a lifetime—she can bee invisible! With the help of her best friend, Izzy, Jessica goes on a trip to discover the source of her new power. Along the way, she gets caught up in shocking secrets, kidnappings, rescue plans, and a mission to keep this amazing power out of the wrong hands. Spring Garden By Fred Chappell ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry Spring Garden is a collection of poems for spring, including classics by Thomas Nashe, William Shakespeare etc. and contemporary poems by Denis Dunn, Ruth Hill etc. It consists of 85 poems, ranging in length from just a few lines to several hundred. Absolutely Truly By Heather Vogel Frederick ISBN 9781442429727 Type: Mystery Twelve-year-old Truly is moved to Pumpkin Falls, New Hampshire, after her father suffers a terrible helicopter accident. The six-foot-tall Truly struggles to fit into her new surroundings. Then, one day, she uncovers a mysterious letter in a book at her Aunt True’s bookstore. And that’s when the adventure begins. Truly leads her new friends Cha Cha, Romeo, and Lucas on a hunt to uncover the secrets of the small town. Absolutely Truly will appeal to anyone who enjoys mystery books with a bit of sadness and a feel-good ending. 1.Who wrote the story about a girl with superpower? A. Heather Vogel Frederick B. David Stabler C. Liz Kessler D. Fred Chappell 2.The ISBN for the book of poems is ________. A.9781442429727 B.9780807119488 C.9781444013986 D.9780062358684 3.What kind of readers will probably like reading Absolutely Truly? A. Those who are fans of history. B. Those who like realistic stories. C. Those who are searching for a romantic plot. D. Those who enjoy a mixture of mystery, sorrow and happiness. 4.Which of the following books tells real stories? A. Absolutely Truly B. Spring Garden C. Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins? D.Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents 【文章大意】本文介紹了四本不同類(lèi)型的書(shū)。 1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二部分內(nèi)容可知，該書(shū)描述了一位有神奇力量的女孩，該書(shū)作者是Liz Kessler，故選C項(xiàng)。 2.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三部分內(nèi)容“ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry”可知，該書(shū)類(lèi)型是詩(shī)歌，其書(shū)號(hào)是9780807119488，故選B項(xiàng)。 4.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合文章對(duì)各本書(shū)的簡(jiǎn)介可知，Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents講述的是美國(guó)幾位總統(tǒng)的真實(shí)故事，故選D項(xiàng)。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Some people say that classical music ________(associate) only with old people. 答案：is associated　be associated with ... “與……有關(guān)”。 2．Though we are living a better life, I cant bear ________(see) food thrown away. 答案：seeing　cant bear doing ... “不能忍受做某事”。 3．What was it that distinguished her ________her classmates? 答案：from　distinguish ... from ... “把……與……區(qū)分/辨別開(kāi)”。 4．We must always bear in mind ________China is a big country with a huge population. 答案：that　bear in mind that ... “記住……”。 5．The service offers young people ________(practice) advice on finding a job. 答案：practical　此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾其后的名詞advice。practical “實(shí)用的；實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的”。 6．We all have an ________(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week. 答案：expectation　由空前的冠詞可知應(yīng)填名詞。 7．In my opinion, only by facing difficulties bravely and ________ (seize) opportunities can one succeed. 答案：seizing　該句為“only＋狀語(yǔ)”位于句首引起倒裝的句式。face與seize為and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分，且均作by的賓語(yǔ)，故由facing可知應(yīng)填seizing。 8．It was not until she got home ________ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. 答案：that　該句為含有not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句。由該句型“It is/was＋not until ...＋that＋其他”可知，應(yīng)填that。 9．She ________(tap) me on the shoulder but I didnt feel it. 答案：tapped　由but連接并列成分可知，設(shè)空處動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)；且后面并列句的謂語(yǔ)為didnt ...，所以空格處也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，應(yīng)填tapped。 10．Prices of daily goods ________ (buy) through a puter can be lower than store prices. 答案：bought　過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)在句中作后置定語(yǔ)修飾goods。 三、完形填空。 I remember that it was a few years ago that an old woman stepped into my video store，along with her daughter.The __1__ was displaying a serious state of impatience，__2__ her watch every few seconds.If the daughter had possessed a leash(繩子)，her mother would have been __3__ to it as a means of pulling her along to __4__ the rush of other shoppers. Walking over，I asked __5__ I could help her.The woman smiled at me and showed me a __6__ on a piece of paper.__7__ rushing off to find the DVD for the woman，I asked her to __8__ with me so I could show her where she could find it and I wanted to enjoy her __9__ for a moment.As we walked along the back of the store，I __10__ its floor plan(分布圖)：old television shows, action movies, cartoons，science fiction films etc.The woman seemed glad of the unrushed “trip” and __11__ conversation. I said to her daughter，“__12__ some advice？”“Of course not，” said the daughter.“Cherish __13__，” I said.“When shes gone，its the little __14__ that e back to you.Times like this.I know.” It was __15__.I still missed my mom and remembered the times when Id used my impatience to make her __16__. Together they made their way towards the stores resting area.They sat there for a moment，side by side，__17__ the holiday crowds.Then the daughter glanced over and immediately __18__ her mother lovingly.And slowly she placed her arm with __19__ unaccustomed affection around her mothers shoulders and __20__ guided her back into the crowd. 1．A.merchant B．waitress C．mother D．daughter 2．A.fixing B．removing C．checking D．a(chǎn)djusting 3．A.fastened B．devoted C．a(chǎn)ccustomed D．a(chǎn)pplied 4．A.break away from B．make way for C．get along with D．keep pace with 5．A.when B．whether C．why D．how 6．A.tip B．title C．ticket D．receipt 7．A.Apart from B．As to C．Rather than D．Regardless of 8．A.municate B．jog C．trade D．walk 9．A.stay B．holiday C．pany D．time 10．A.described B．blamed C．a(chǎn)ppreciated D．corrected 11．A.casual B．a(chǎn)ttractive C．severe D．convincing 12．A.Prepare B．Mind C．Lack D．Offer 13．A.her B．me C．herself D．yourself 14．A.feelings B．presents C．chances D．moments 15．A.reasonable B．possible C．true D．a(chǎn)ppropriate 16．A.desperate B．upset C．puzzled D．a(chǎn)stonished 17．A.approaching B．evaluating C．observing D．expecting 18．A.attended B．found C．recognized D．watched 19．A.apparently B．suddenly C．basically D．gradually 20．A.accidentally B．gently C．smoothly D．randomly 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。“我”在音像商店工作時(shí)遇到一位老母親和女兒一起購(gòu)買(mǎi)DVD，這個(gè)女兒行色匆匆，恨不能用繩子拉著行動(dòng)遲緩的母親。“我”讓這位母親和“我”一起尋找她想要的DVD，并建議這個(gè)女兒要珍惜母親的陪伴。最后，她挽著母親，走進(jìn)人群中…… 【核心詞匯】along with...和……一道 a state of...一種……狀態(tài) impatience n．不耐煩，無(wú)耐心　rush off趕緊去 conversation n．會(huì)話，交談　cherish珍愛(ài)，愛(ài)護(hù) side by side肩并肩地 unaccustomed adj.不習(xí)慣的，奇怪的，不尋常的 affection n．影響，喜愛(ài)，慈愛(ài)，感情 1．D　根據(jù)上文中的“an old woman stepped into my video store, along with her daughter”可知，一位老母親和她的女兒一起來(lái)到“我”的音像商店；結(jié)合下文中的“If the daughter had possessed...other shoppers”可知，女兒顯得很不耐煩，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“商人”；B項(xiàng)意為“女侍者，女服務(wù)員”。 2．C　根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及空處所在句中的“displaying a serious state of impatience”可知，這個(gè)女兒顯得很不耐煩；據(jù)此可以判斷，她不停地查看(checking)手表，故選C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)意為“固定，修理”；B項(xiàng)意為“移開(kāi)，去除”；D項(xiàng)意為“調(diào)整，校正”。 3．A　根據(jù)空處所在句中的“If the daughter had possessed a leash(繩子)，her mother would have been __3__ to it as a means of pulling her along”可知，如果這個(gè)女兒有一根繩子的話，她的母親將被系在繩子的一頭。A項(xiàng)意為“把……系在”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“致力，奉獻(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“使習(xí)慣”；D項(xiàng)意為“申請(qǐng)，運(yùn)用”。 4．D　根據(jù)上文及空后的“the rush of other shoppers”可以判斷，如果有繩子，這個(gè)女兒將用繩子拉住她的母親，以趕上(keep pace with)匆匆的購(gòu)物人群，故選D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)意為“突然掙脫，逃脫”；B項(xiàng)意為“給……讓路”；C項(xiàng)意為“與……融洽相處”。 5．B　根據(jù)該空所在句中的“I asked __5__ I could help her”可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞asked的賓語(yǔ)，由“I could help her”和asked可以判斷，“我”問(wèn)她是否需要幫忙。因此用whether引導(dǎo)該賓語(yǔ)從句，故B項(xiàng)正確。 6．B　根據(jù)下文中的“find the DVD”，結(jié)合該空所在句“The woman smiled at me and showed me a __6__ on a piece of paper”可知，這位母親微笑著遞給“我”一張寫(xiě)有名稱(chēng)的紙。B項(xiàng)意為“名稱(chēng)，標(biāo)題”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“建議”，C項(xiàng)意為“票”，D項(xiàng)意為“收據(jù)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 7．C　根據(jù)該空所在句中的“I asked her to __8__ with me so I could show her where she could find it”可知，“我”讓她和“我”一起走(walk)以便“我”能讓她知道她在哪里可以找到她需要的DVD；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”沒(méi)有急忙為她尋找。C項(xiàng)意為“而不是”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“除……之外”；B項(xiàng)意為“至于”；D項(xiàng)意為“不管，不顧”。 8．D　參見(jiàn)上題解析。下文中的“walked”亦是提示。A項(xiàng)意為“交流”，B項(xiàng)意為“慢跑”，C項(xiàng)意為“交易”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 9．C　根據(jù)空后的“As we walked along the back of the store”可知，“我”和她一起走著尋找她需要的DVD；結(jié)合該空所在句中的“I wanted to enjoy her __9__ for a moment”可以判斷，“我”想要她陪伴(pany)“我”一會(huì)兒。A項(xiàng)意為“停留，逗留”；B項(xiàng)意為“假期”。 10．A　根據(jù)該空所在句中的“its floor plan(分布圖)：old television shows，action movies，cartoons，science fiction films etc.”可知，“我”向她描述(described)著商店的商品分區(qū)情況：老的電視節(jié)目、動(dòng)作片、卡通片以及科幻片等。故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“責(zé)備”；C項(xiàng)意為“欣賞”；D項(xiàng)意為“糾正”。 11．A　根據(jù)空前的“The woman seemed glad of the unrushed‘trip’”可知，這位母親對(duì)這次并不匆忙的購(gòu)物過(guò)程感到很滿意；空處與“the unrushed‘trip’”，相呼應(yīng)，據(jù)此可以判斷，該處表示“輕松隨意的交談”。A項(xiàng)意為“輕松的，隨意的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“吸引人的”；C項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)肅的”；D項(xiàng)意為“使人信服的”。 12．B　根據(jù)這個(gè)女兒的回答“Of course not”可知，她不介意“我”提出建議；據(jù)此可以判斷，此處表示“介意我提點(diǎn)建議嗎？”B項(xiàng)意為“介意”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備”，C項(xiàng)意為“缺乏”，D項(xiàng)意為“提供”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 13．A　根據(jù)下文中的“When shes gone，its...to you”可知，如果她的母親去世了，這是她可以回想起來(lái)的時(shí)刻；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”建議她珍惜她的母親；空處作賓語(yǔ)，因此用賓格her，故A項(xiàng)正確。 14．D　參見(jiàn)上題解析。D項(xiàng)意為“時(shí)刻”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“感情”，B項(xiàng)意為“禮物”，C項(xiàng)意為“機(jī)會(huì)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 15．C　根據(jù)空后的“I still missed my mom and remembered the times when Id used my impatience to make her __16__ ”可知，“我”仍然懷念“我”的母親，記得“我”用不耐煩讓“我”的母親難過(guò)的日子；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”對(duì)她說(shuō)的這種情況是真實(shí)的(true)。故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“合理的”；B項(xiàng)意為“可能的”；D項(xiàng)意為“適當(dāng)?shù)模‘?dāng)?shù)?，相稱(chēng)的”。 16．B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。B項(xiàng)意為“難過(guò)的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)望的，不顧一切的”，C項(xiàng)意為“困惑的，無(wú)法理解的”，D項(xiàng)意為“驚訝的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 17．C　根據(jù)該空所在句“They sat there for a moment，side by side，__17__ the holiday crowds”可知，這對(duì)母女肩并肩坐著，注視著假日里的人群；C項(xiàng)意為“觀察，注視”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“靠近”，B項(xiàng)意為“評(píng)估”，D項(xiàng)意為“期望”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 18．D　根據(jù)該空所在句“Then the daughter glanced over and immediately __18__ her mother lovingly”可知，女兒充滿愛(ài)意地看著她的母親，D項(xiàng)意為“看著”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“參加”，B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，C項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)識(shí)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 19．A　根據(jù)該空所在句中的“And slowly she placed her arm with __19__ unaccustomed affection around her mothers shoulders”可知，她慢慢地將她的手臂放在母親的肩膀上，似乎不習(xí)慣這種充滿愛(ài)意的表達(dá)。A項(xiàng)意為“似乎”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“突然地”，C項(xiàng)意為“基本地，主要地”，D項(xiàng)意為“逐漸地”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 20．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及該空所在句中的“guided her back into the crowd”可知，她慢慢地將她的手臂放在母親的肩膀上，然后溫柔地(gently)領(lǐng)著她的母親走進(jìn)人群。故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“偶然地，附帶地，意外地”；C項(xiàng)意為“平滑地，平穩(wěn)地，流暢地，順利地”；D項(xiàng)意為“任意地，胡亂地，隨便地”。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．The sound of seagulls called on happy memories of his childhood holidays. _____________________________________________________ 答案：on→up　call up “使回憶起；給……打電話”。 2．The telephone is out of the order; therefore, we cannot get in touch with the boss. _____________________________________________________ 答案：去掉第二個(gè)the　out of order “發(fā)生故障；次序顛倒”。 3．After a short while, the boys set out doing their homework. _____________________________________________________ 答案：out→about或doing→to do　set about doing ... ＝set out to do ... “著手/開(kāi)始做……”。 4．The boy knock down by the car was immediately taken to the nearby hospital. ___________________________________________________ 答案：knock→knocked　過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)在句中作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾the boy, 表被動(dòng)，故應(yīng)把knock改為knocked。 5．The teachers abruptly ending speaking can make some students focus their attention on their listening. ____________________________________________________ 答案：abruptly→abrupt　修飾動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)ending speaking應(yīng)用形容詞，故將abruptly改為abrupt。 五、七選五 A garden that’s just right for you Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和) of its parts? 　 1　. But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. ● 　 2 　 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 　 3 　.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them es from our earliest years. ●Recall(回憶)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 　 4 　 — how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 　 5 　. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun. A. Know why you garden B. Find a good place for your own garden C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于說(shuō)明文，美麗的花園能給我們帶來(lái)美好的視覺(jué)享受，文章中給出了兩個(gè)自己建設(shè)花園的具體建議。 1.F 【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)文章首句及下文的＂But it doesn’t happen by accident＂可知，這里是在講＂你是否曾去過(guò)一個(gè)花園……但是它不是偶然發(fā)生的＂。故F項(xiàng)＂You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too＂符合語(yǔ)境。 3.E 【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)上文的＂Some people may think...＂和＂Others are concerned about...＂可知此處表達(dá)的是人們種植花園的不同原因，而E項(xiàng)中的＂Still others may simply enjoy...＂與上下文銜接自然，故選E項(xiàng)。 4.C 【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)上文的＂...but that’s not what’s important＂和下文中的＂how being in those gardens made us feel＂可知此處講的應(yīng)是什么是重要的，故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 5.G 【解析】考查上下文的銜接。上文的＂the gardens of your youth＂以及下文的＂your childhood memories＂與G項(xiàng)中的＂those gardens＂和＂the strongest memory you have＂相呼應(yīng)，故選G項(xiàng)。