2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪選練習(xí)題 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

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必修1　Unit 5　Nelson Mandela — a modern hero 一、閱讀理解 Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10.It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail-95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail. When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass,140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug.12,1805,he was astonished by what was in front of him; ＂high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow.＂ Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East. Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的)gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it. The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊）.There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark. 1. We learn from the text that before 1805 . A. The Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snow B. there were no people living in the western part of America C.no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky Mountains D. the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States 2.We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass . A. has changed a lot since 1805 B.is the meeting point of three cultures C. remains much the same as it was 200 years ago D. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit 3.Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably . A. two native Indians B. explorers of the early 19th century C. merchants who did business with the Indians D. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass 4.We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author . A. was attempting the impossible B. was trying to set a world record C. was following the trail of Lewis and Clark D. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks 【文章大意】本文紀(jì)錄的是一次追尋前人足跡的探險(xiǎn)，盡管天氣、路程等的艱難，但是在作者看來(lái)卻是已經(jīng)趕上了以前的探險(xiǎn)者。 1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.可知答案為C。 2.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.可知答案為C。 4.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的描述可知，作者他們是沿著Lewis and Clark的足跡進(jìn)行探險(xiǎn)的。 二、完形填空 I started serving the homeless when I was eight years old. I didnt know these people would make such a big difference in my __1__. Twice a month I go to the church and help get things ready for __2__. When the gate is opened, people e in __3__ to get drinks. They take their seats while breakfast is __4__， and then we begin to __5__. We each take two plates and carry them __6__ the line as the plates are __7__. Each person receives several kinds of foods. I walk to the tables and __8__ the plates before them. After Ive served them, I ask if they need __9__ else and bring them whatever they ask for. When I first started serving, I was a little __10__ . At first I stayed close to my mom most of the time, but after I got to know these strangers, I __11__ that they were friendly people. And the __12__ of them was often nicer than the outside. I realized that there was no __13__ to be scared. After serving for a few months, I started to __14__ seeing the same people each week. All of these people make my day much __15__. The past two years have made a big __16__ in my life. I do this __17__ it is the right thing to do. When I serve people, I want them to know that someone __18__ them and that they matter. Serving makes me happy, but even more __19__， it teaches me to love and __20__ others and helps make the world a better place. 【解題導(dǎo)浯】　本文是一篇記敘文。“我”通過(guò)自己八歲跟隨媽媽到教堂做慈善活動(dòng)的親身經(jīng)歷，感悟到了人生的意義。 1. A．study B．work C．family D．life 答案與解析：D考查名詞。首先空處所在句是全文的主旨句，又根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句“The past two years have made a big __16__ in my life”可知，這些人對(duì)“我”的人生(life)產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。故選D項(xiàng)。 2. A．breakfast B．brunch C．lunch D．dinner 答案與解析：A考查名詞。根據(jù)4空所在句可知，此處應(yīng)該是為早餐(breakfast)做準(zhǔn)備工作。故選A項(xiàng)。 3. A．secretly B．quickly C．slowly D．separately 答案與解析：B　考查副詞。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)可知，肯定是快速地(quickly)進(jìn)教堂來(lái)取飲料。故選B項(xiàng)。 4. A．ordered B．enjoyed C．prepared D．tasted 答案與解析：C　考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空處所在句句意可知，我們準(zhǔn)備早飯時(shí)，他們坐下來(lái)。故選C項(xiàng)。 5. A．eat B．serve C．leave D．try 答案與解析：B　考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)第一段的“I started serving the homeless”可知，我們侍候無(wú)家可歸者，為他們提供飯菜。故選B項(xiàng)。 6. A．before B．beyond C．a(chǎn)bove D．a(chǎn)long 答案與解析：D考查介詞。此處表示：我們每個(gè)人拿兩個(gè)盤(pán)子，沿著座位給他們端上食物。before“在……面前”；beyond“超出……的范圍”；above“在……上方”；along“沿著……旁邊”。故選D項(xiàng)。 7. A．emptied B．washed C．filled D．dried 答案與解析：C考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，當(dāng)盤(pán)子被盛滿(mǎn)(filled)食物的時(shí)候我們才把盤(pán)子端給無(wú)家可歸者。故選C項(xiàng)。 8. A．make B．set C．fix D．show 答案與解析：B考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空前的“I walk to the tables”可知，“我”應(yīng)該是把盤(pán)子放置(set)在他們的餐桌上。故選B項(xiàng)。 9. A．nothing B．everything C．what D．a(chǎn)nything 答案與解析：D考查不定代詞。根據(jù)空處所在句句意可知，“我”詢(xún)問(wèn)他們是否還有其他需要。故選D項(xiàng)。 10. A．surprised B．embarrassed C．scared D．puzzled 答案與解析：C考查形容詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，剛開(kāi)始時(shí)“我”有點(diǎn)害怕(scared)。下文的“to be scared”也是提示。 11. A．realized B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．claimed D．swore 答案與解析：A考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，隨著“我”對(duì)這些人的深入了解，“我”意識(shí)到他們是友善的。realize“意識(shí)到”；admit“承認(rèn)”；claim“聲稱(chēng)”；swear“發(fā)誓”。故選A項(xiàng)。 12. A．past B．inside C．surface D．front 答案與解析：B考查名詞。根據(jù)空后的“nicer than the outside”可知，空處應(yīng)用outside的反義詞inside。故選B項(xiàng)。 13. A．way B．doubt C．reason D．wonder 答案與解析：C考查名詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這些人都很友好，“我”沒(méi)有理由(reason)感到害怕。故選C項(xiàng)。 14. A．get tired of B．take charge of C．get down to D．look forward to 答案與解析：D考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)上文“我”情感的變化可知，做了幾個(gè)月后，“我”每周都期待(look forward to)與這些人見(jiàn)面。get tired of“對(duì)……厭倦，厭煩”；take charge of“負(fù)責(zé)”；get down to“著手”。故選D項(xiàng)。 15. A．better B．further C．busier D．easier 答案與解析：A考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文“我”每周期待與這些人見(jiàn)面可推知，“我”的生活每周因他們變得更好(better)。故選A項(xiàng)。 16. A．success B．difference C．profit D．fortune 答案與解析：B考查名詞。此句與文章第一段第二句中的“make such a big difference”呼應(yīng)，故選B項(xiàng)。 17. A．because B．if C．once D．though 答案與解析：A考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系可知，空處前后有因果關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。 18. A．relies on B．goes after C．cares about D．looks for 答案與解析：C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。care about“在乎，關(guān)心”；rely on“依靠，依賴(lài)”；go after“追求，追逐”；look for“尋找”。此處表示“我想讓他們知道有人關(guān)心他們并且他們很重要”。故選C項(xiàng)。 19. A．necessarily B．interestingly C．honestly D．importantly 答案與解析：D考查副詞。importantly“重要地”，necessarily“必要地”，interestingly“有趣地”，honestly“誠(chéng)實(shí)地”。根據(jù)空前的“Serving makes me happy，but even more”可知，importantly更符合語(yǔ)境，故選D項(xiàng)。 20. A．respect B．forgive C．inspire D．protect 答案與解析：A考查動(dòng)詞。forgive“原諒”，inspire“激勵(lì)”，protect“保護(hù)”。由語(yǔ)境可知，只有respect符合，故選A項(xiàng)。 三、七選五 (2018合肥市高三調(diào)研性檢測(cè)) How to Set Goals Whether you have small dreams or high expectations, setting goals allows you to plan how you want to move through life. Some achievements can take a lifetime to attain, while others can be pleted in a day. __1__ ? Determine your life goals. Ask yourself some important questions about what you want for your life. What do you want to achieve today, in a year, and in your lifetime? The answers to this question can be as general as “I want to be happy” or “I want to help people”. __2__ ? Set specific goals. Be specific and realistic about what it is that you want to achieve. Research shows that setting a specific goal makes you more likely to achieve it. __3__ For example, “Be healthier” is too big and vague to be a helpful goal. “I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to run a marathon” is better. ? Write out your goals. Be detailed, be clear, and include your steps. __4__ Keep your list in a place where you can get informed frequently. This will help keep you motivated. ? __5__ You may find yourself set in your ways concerning broad life goals, but take the time to reevaluate your smaller goals. Are you acplishing them according to your timeline? Are they still necessary to keep you on track towards your larger life goals? Allow yourself the flexibility to make some small changes to your goals. A．Adjust your goals. B．Track and measure your progress. C．Having deadlines will keep you motivated. D．Consider what you hope to achieve in 10, 15, or 20 years. E．Here are some important ideas that you may find helpful. F．Writing them down tends to make them bee a little more real. G．Remember that you may need to break large goals into smaller goals. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了設(shè)定目標(biāo)的四種方法。 1．答案與解析：E根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，空處承上啟下；結(jié)合下文各段的主題句可知，空處引出設(shè)定目標(biāo)的有用方法，故E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 2．答案與解析：D根據(jù)該段的主題句“Determine your life goals.”可知，該段主要建議“確定你的終身目標(biāo)”；據(jù)此可知，該目標(biāo)屬于長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)，故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 3．答案與解析：G　根據(jù)下文中的“For example, ‘Be healthier’ is too big and vague to be a helpful goal. ‘I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to run a marathon’ is better”可知，該處舉例說(shuō)明要把大目標(biāo)分解成小目標(biāo)，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 4．答案與解析：F　根據(jù)該段的主題句“Write out your goals.”可知，要寫(xiě)下你的目標(biāo)；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處解釋“寫(xiě)下目標(biāo)”的原因，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 5．答案與解析：A　根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，空處是該段的主題句；結(jié)合該段內(nèi)容尤其是該段尾句“Allow yourself the flexibility to make some small changes to your goals.”可知，該段主要講可以靈活地對(duì)你的目標(biāo)做一些改變，故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 四、書(shū)面表達(dá) 某英文報(bào)社舉辦以“I Like Reading”為主題的征文活動(dòng)，你打算投稿。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一篇短文： 1．你為什么喜歡讀書(shū)； 2.你喜歡讀哪一類(lèi)的書(shū)(例如：歷史、科學(xué)、文學(xué)等)？請(qǐng)給出至少兩個(gè)理由。 注意：詞數(shù)120左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 【參考范文】 I Like Reading Reading is my favorite hobby. I can never stop the love for reading because books are like wise teachers as well as good friends in my life. As we know, books are the source of knowledge. I benefit a great deal from reading. There are a variety of books for us to choose from, like history books, science books, literary books and so on. But what interests me most is literary books, especially those by famous writers. For one thing, they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons. For another, they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun. Isn’t it a pleasure to have great calm in mind while you are reading?