中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 名詞考點(diǎn)綜合集訓(xùn)（含解析）.doc

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專題一 名詞 Ⅰ. 根據(jù)句意, 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.［xx淮安］Zheng Chenggong is one of the national ________(hero) in our country. We are proud of him. 2.［xx成都］Some parents often tell their kids not to believe ________(strange)words. 3.［xx淮安］The ________ (player) cap is really cool and I like it very much. 4.［xx遂寧改編］Many ________(visitor) came to the hometown of the great man during the vacation. 5.Many modern ________ (invention) have made a great difference in our life. 6.Maybe Mary is at the ________ (doctor) for she had a headache this morning. 7.Now most of us look up the new words on the Internet instead of in the ________(dictionary). 8.There are many ________ (culture) differences between the East and the West. 9.This is my little ________(cousin)room which is filled with all kinds of toys. 10.Be more ________(confidence), I’m sure you will achieve your goal sooner or later. Ⅱ. 語(yǔ)法與情景對(duì)話 1.［xx安徽］The new Silk Road will offer a good_________for more nations to communicate. A. chance B. habit C. question D. price 2.［xx白銀］“It depends on my_________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons. A. children B. children’s C. child D. child’s 3.［xx宜昌］—The government is trying to develop winter sports for the 2022 Winter Olympics. —No wonder people are showing more_________in them. A. warmth B. interest C. victory D. standard 4.［xx泰安］It is five years since we began to enjoy a_________ spring holiday each year. A. ten-day B. ten day C. ten day’s D. ten days 5.［xx徐州］We have no food at home. Shall go to the_________ ? A. library B. supermarket C. hospital D. theatre 6.［xx安順］There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are_________ . A. men’s teachers B. man teachers C. men teacher D. men teachers 7.［xx福建］—Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera. —That’s true. It’s an important part of Chinese _________. A. culture B. invention C. custom D. tradition 8.［xx懷化改編］—It’s hot today. Have some_________ , please. —No, thanks. I’m not thirsty at all. A. water B. potatoes C. bread D. chocolate 9.［xx天津］Don’t stand too close to North Americans. You’d better give them more personal _________. A. time B. system C. space D. pity 10.［xx南京 ］—I go swimming every day. —Wow! That’s a good_________. It keeps you healthy. A. match B. task C. habit D. dream 11.［xx哈爾濱改編］—How time flies!It is two_________ since we met last. —So it is. I miss you so much. A. months B. monthes C. months’ D. month’s 12.［xx襄陽(yáng)］—What’s your_________ to English learning, Lin Tao? —I think watching English movies is helpful. A. place B. age C. time D. secret 13.［xx貴港］—Linda often answers the teachers’_________ in class, doesnt she? —Yes. She is very active. A. problems B. notices C. questions D. messages 14.［xx恩施改編］—Henry, have you seen the English book on the desk? If you see it, please take it to the_________ office. —OK. A. teachers’; teachers’ B. teacher’s; teachers’ C. teacher’s; teacher’s D. teachers’; teacher’s 15.［xx煙臺(tái)］—It’s dangerous to drive after drinking. —That’s true. It can increase the_________ of traffic accidents. A. advantage B. stress C. safety D. risk 16.［xx齊齊哈爾改編］I went to the hospital yesterday. I found a few_________ there. A. man nurses B. men nurse C. men nurses D. men nurse’s 17.［xx蘇州］—Shall we go on Friday or Saturday? —Either day is OK. It makes no _________ to me. A. choice B. change C. difference D. decision 18.［xx邵陽(yáng)］—Mom, please give me two_________ . I want to make vegetable salad. —OK. Here you are. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. tomatoe’s 19.［xx重慶B卷］Zhang Lin is a popular_________ in this school and most of her students are her fans. A. farmer B. doctor C. worker D. teacher 20.It’s sports time. Most_________ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. A. boy B. boys C. boy’s D. boys’ 21.［xx日照］The TV show Letters Alive brings back people’s_________ of writing to each other. A. ideas B. hobbies C. styles D. memories 22.My uncle keeps many_________ on the farm. And I often help him feed them. A. cow B. horse C. pig D. sheep 23.［xx重慶A卷］—Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week. —Well, you’d better take a_________ with you, or you may easily get lost. A. photo B. stamp C. map D. postcard 24.［xx昆明］Many _________ are playing an active part in making Kunming a civilized city （文明城市）. A. man B. woman C. volunteer D. volunteers 25.［xx攀枝花］—More and more people come to visit Miyi County to enjoy the sunshine in winter. —You are right. It has become the_________ of Panzhihua. A. pride B. effort C. price D. courage Ⅰ. 根據(jù)句意, 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. heroes【解析】句意為：鄭成功是我們國(guó)家的民族英雄之一。我們以他為驕傲。one of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“……之一”。故填heroes。 2.strangers’【解析】句意：一些父母經(jīng)常告訴他們的孩子不要相信陌生人的話。修飾名詞words應(yīng)用形容詞或形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格，結(jié)合句意可知此處指不要相信陌生人的話，且陌生人用復(fù)數(shù)表泛指，故填stranger的復(fù)數(shù)所有格形式strangers’。 3.player’s【解析】句意：運(yùn)動(dòng)員的帽子真的很酷，我很喜歡它。根據(jù)句意可知此處指運(yùn)動(dòng)員的，用名詞所有格修飾名詞cap。故填player’s。 4.visitors【解析】句意：許多游客在假日期間來(lái)到了這個(gè)偉人的故鄉(xiāng)。根據(jù)空前限定詞Many，可知此處填可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填visitors。 5.inventions【解析】句意：許多現(xiàn)代發(fā)明使我們的生活大不相同。根據(jù)空格前限定詞Many（許多），可知此處填名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填inventions。 6.doctor’s【解析】句意：或許瑪麗在診所，因?yàn)樗裉煸缟项^疼。職業(yè)名詞的所有格可以表示某人辦公的地點(diǎn)。故填doctor’s。 7.dictionaries【解析】句意：現(xiàn)在我們大多數(shù)人在網(wǎng)上查生詞，而不是在字典上查。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處查字典表泛指。故填dictionaries。 8.cultural【解析】句意為：東西方之間有很多差異。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要填一個(gè)形容詞來(lái)修飾名詞differences，故填culture的形容詞形式cultural。 9.cousin’s【解析】句意為: 這是我小的房間，里面擺滿了各種各樣的玩具。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空處應(yīng)填名詞所有格，表示所屬關(guān)系，表示“我”堂弟的房間。故填cousin’s。 10.confident【解析】句意：更加一點(diǎn)，我相信總有一天你會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處為系動(dòng)詞be后加形容詞比較級(jí)，此處的比較級(jí)形式為more+形容詞原級(jí)。故填confident。 Ⅱ. 語(yǔ)法與情景對(duì)話 1.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：新的絲綢之路將會(huì)為各個(gè)國(guó)家的交流提供一個(gè)好的。chance機(jī)會(huì)；habit習(xí)慣；question問(wèn)題；price價(jià)格。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里指的是提供一個(gè)好的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。 2.B【解析】考查名詞所有格的用法。句意為：媽媽看著她的兩個(gè)兒子說(shuō)：“它取決于我決定”。有生命的復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格以s結(jié)尾加,不以s結(jié)尾則加s。根據(jù)句意及后文中母親看她的兩個(gè)兒子，因此選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格。故選B。 3.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為“政府正在努力為2022年冬奧會(huì)發(fā)展冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)?！薄半y怪人們對(duì)它們表現(xiàn)出更多的。”warmth溫暖；interest興趣；victory勝利；standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)是表現(xiàn)出更多的興趣。故選B。 4.A【解析】考查名詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：自從我們開(kāi)始每年春天享受一個(gè)十天的假期已經(jīng)五年了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處缺定語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“數(shù)詞+名詞”作定語(yǔ)時(shí)中間要用連字符，且名詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故選A。 5.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為：家里沒(méi)有食物了。我們?nèi)ズ脝?？library圖書(shū)館；supermarket超市；hospital醫(yī)院；theatre劇院。如果沒(méi)有食物了，那就要去超市買(mǎi)。故選B。 6.D【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：在我們學(xué)校有100多名老師，而且大部分是男老師。man teacher男老師，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為men teachers。故選D。 7.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為“如今越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)人對(duì)京劇感興趣?！薄笆堑?。它是中國(guó)中的重要組成部分?！眂ulture文化；invention發(fā)明；custom風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗; tradition 傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，京劇是中國(guó)“文化”的一部分。故選A。 8.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意“今天很熱。請(qǐng)喝些?！薄安?，謝謝。我一點(diǎn)也不渴。”water水；potatoes西紅柿；bread面包；chocolate巧克力。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處是讓對(duì)方喝水，故選A。 9.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：站著時(shí)不要太靠近北美人，你最好給他們更多的私人。time時(shí)間；system系統(tǒng)；space空間；pity遺憾，憐憫。根據(jù)句意和常識(shí)可知，應(yīng)是給北美人更多的私人空間。故選C。 10.Ｃ【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意“我每天游泳?！薄巴?！那是一個(gè)好。游泳可以保持健康?！眒atch比賽；task任務(wù)；habit習(xí)慣；dream夢(mèng)想。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處表示習(xí)慣，故選C。 11.A【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意為“時(shí)間過(guò)得真快呀！自從我們上次見(jiàn)面已經(jīng)兩個(gè)月了?！薄暗拇_如此。我非常想念你?！备鶕?jù)空格前的two可知空格處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。month的復(fù)數(shù)為months。故選A。 12.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為“對(duì)于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)你的是什么？”“我認(rèn)為看英語(yǔ)電影很有幫助?！眕lace地方；age年齡；time時(shí)間；secret秘密，秘訣。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“I think watching English movies is helpful.”可知是詢問(wèn)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的秘訣。故選D。 13.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為“琳達(dá)在班上經(jīng)?；卮鹄蠋煹? 不是嗎?”“是的，她很活躍。”problems困難，難題，指說(shuō)話者認(rèn)為難以解決的問(wèn)題，常與動(dòng)詞 solve或settle（解決）搭配；notices通知，通告，注意；questions問(wèn)題，指說(shuō)話者需要尋找答案的問(wèn)題，常與動(dòng)詞ask或answer連用；messages信息。根據(jù)句中的answer可知應(yīng)填名詞questions。故選C。 14.B【解析】考查名詞所有格。句意為“亨利，你看到老師桌子上的英語(yǔ)書(shū)了嗎？如果你看到它，就把它拿到老師辦公室?！薄昂玫??！钡谝粋€(gè)空后的desk為單數(shù)名詞，可判斷是指一個(gè)老師，用單數(shù)名詞所有格teachers；第二個(gè)空指“老師辦公室”用teachers office。故選B。 15.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為“酒后駕車(chē)很危險(xiǎn)。”“是的。它能增加交通事故的?！盿dvantage 優(yōu)點(diǎn)，優(yōu)勢(shì)；stress 壓力；safety 安全；risk 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由語(yǔ)境可知，酒后駕車(chē)有可能增加交通事故的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D。 16.C【解析】考查名詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：我昨天去醫(yī)院了。我發(fā)現(xiàn)那里只有幾個(gè)男護(hù)士。根據(jù)a few后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可知nurse應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；man作定語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，所以應(yīng)用men。故選C。 17.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為“我們周五還是周六去？”“任意一天都可以。這對(duì)我沒(méi)有。”choice選擇；change 變化；difference不同；decision決定。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)是這對(duì)我“沒(méi)有影響”。“make no difference沒(méi)有影響”,為固定短語(yǔ)。故選C。 18.B【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意為“媽媽，請(qǐng)給我兩個(gè)番茄。我想做蔬菜沙拉?！薄昂玫?。給你?！备鶕?jù)空格前的two可知空格處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。tomato的復(fù)數(shù)為tomatoes。故選B。 19.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：張琳在這所學(xué)校是一位受歡迎的，她的大多數(shù)學(xué)生都是她的粉絲。farmer農(nóng)民；doctor醫(yī)生；worker工人；teacher老師。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“her students”可知張琳是一位受歡迎的老師。故選D。 20.A【解析】考查名詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：現(xiàn)在是運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間。一班的大多數(shù)男生正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。一般情況下，名詞作定語(yǔ)，用單數(shù)形式。故選A。 21.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：電視節(jié)目《見(jiàn)字如面》喚回了人們給彼此寫(xiě)信的。ideas想法；hobbies愛(ài)好；styles時(shí)尚；memories記憶。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“brings back”可知應(yīng)是喚回記憶。故選D。 22.D【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：我叔叔在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里養(yǎng)了很多。我經(jīng)常幫助他喂養(yǎng)它們。cow奶牛；horse馬；pig豬；sheep羊。由空前的many可知空處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，A、B、C三項(xiàng)均為名詞單數(shù)，只有D項(xiàng)sheep的單復(fù)數(shù)同形。故選D。 23.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。 句意為“朱迪，我下周將要去加拿大開(kāi)會(huì)。”“嗯，你最好帶上一張，否則你可能會(huì)很容易迷路?！眕hoto照片；stamp郵票；map地圖；postcard明信片。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知應(yīng)是帶上一張地圖。故選C。 24.D【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：許多在使昆明成為文明城市中發(fā)揮著積極的作用。man男人；woman女人；volunteer志愿者；volunteers志愿者，復(fù)數(shù)。many后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選D。 25.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為“現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人在冬天來(lái)米易縣享受陽(yáng)光?！薄澳阏f(shuō)得對(duì)。它已經(jīng)成為攀枝花的。”pride驕傲；effort努力；price價(jià)格；courage勇氣。由語(yǔ)境可知選A。