2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 北師大版.doc
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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 北師大版 一、以if條件從句為虛擬語(yǔ)氣標(biāo)志 時(shí)態(tài) 從句動(dòng)詞形式 主句動(dòng)詞形式 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 did would/could/should/might do 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 (1)did (2)were to do (3)should do would/could/should/might do 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 had done would/could/should/might have done 含蓄條件句 有時(shí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣并不總是用if引導(dǎo)的條件句來(lái)表示,而是通過(guò)一些詞或短語(yǔ)表示出來(lái)。這些詞或短語(yǔ)引出的條件與if引導(dǎo)的條件句意義相似,如but for,with,without,otherwise,or,but等。其中but for相當(dāng)于if it were not for/if it had not been for,表示“要不是……”。 He wouldn’t have survived but for the neighbour’s timely help. 二、suggest等動(dòng)詞及其相應(yīng)的名詞后跟的從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 1.賓語(yǔ)從句 suggest等表示建議、愿望、命令等的動(dòng)詞后跟的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,從句謂語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,其中should可以省略。 The doctor suggested that he (should) take more rest. 2.主語(yǔ)從句 在“It is/was suggested+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句”中,主語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu),其中should可以省略。 另外,在“It is/was important(necessary,desirable,advisable等)+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句”中,從句也常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu),其中should可以省略。 It is suggested that the building (should) be pulled down. It is necessary that a doctor (should) be sent for at once. 3.表語(yǔ)從句 當(dāng)suggestion,order,proposal,demand等名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后的表語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu),其中should可以省略。 My advice is that you (should) give up smoking. 4.同位語(yǔ)從句 在suggestion,advice,order,proposal,demand等名詞后跟的同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu),其中should可以省略。 His suggestion that we (should) set off at 5∶00 a.m.is not good enough. 三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的特殊句型 1.It is (high/about) time (that) sb.did sth. It is (high/about) time (that) sb.did sth. 2.would rather (that) sb.did sth. I’d rather you left tomorrow. 1.George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but I’d rather he________more on its culture.(xx江蘇,34) A.focus B.focused C.would focus D.had focused 2.—The weather has been very hot and dry. —Yes.If it had rained even a drop,things would be much better now!And my vegetables________.(xx北京,34) A.wouldn’t die B.didn’t die C.hadn’t died D.wouldn’t have died 一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.Had we been here a bit earlier,we ________________________(be) able to catch the last bus. 2.If you ________________(take) my advice,you ________________(cry) over your failure now. 3.—I have gone through a hard time in the last few years. —Really?I wish you ________________(tell) me about it earlier.After all,we are friends. 4.—Why didn’t you attend Linda’s wedding? —I wouldn’t like to.It is strange that she ________________________(marry) that goodfornothing guy. 5.My father insisted that every minute ____________________(make) full use of ____________(do) the work well. 二、單項(xiàng)填空 1.We would join them for dinner ________. A.should they ask B.shall they ask C.if they ask D.whether they ask 2.My suggestion is that you ________ much meat. A.wouldn’t take B.shall not take C.not have D.won’t have 3.—How I want to have studied harder when I was in school. —If you ________,you wouldn’t work late into night every day nowadays. A.did B.should C.had D.would 4.—________ he e and visit you as planned? —Of course.And I’d rather he ________ me what he saw with his own eyes in Greece. A.Will;will tell B.Shall;told C.Shall;will tell D.Will;told 5.________ he had not hurt his leg,John would have won the race. A.If B.Since C.Though D.When 6.________ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A.Would B.Should C.Were D.Will 7.—Any information about your son? —No.If only I ________ those tough words to him. A.didn’t say B.hadn’t said C.shouldn’t have said D.couldn’t have said 8.They must have enjoyed themselves there,otherwise they ________ so long. A.can’t have stayed B.wouldn’t have stayed C.can’t stay D.wouldn’t stay 9.—I hope you’re enjoying your stay here. —If it ________ for the climate,I would like it here very much. A.isn’t B.hasn’t been C.weren’t D.hadn’t been 10.—Johnson,e and look at the sea!It is beautiful,isn’t it? —Absolutely!If only I ________here by the sea. A.lived B.live C.had lived D.will live 答案 感悟高考 1.B [句意為:?jiǎn)讨未蛩阏務(wù)撍膰?guó)家的地理,但我寧愿他更多地把焦點(diǎn)集中在文化上。would rather后接從句時(shí),從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,若表示與將來(lái)和現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反的情況,則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般過(guò)去時(shí),由上句中“is going to...”可知B項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)正確。] 2.D [句意為:——天氣又熱又干燥?!堑?。要是稍微下點(diǎn)兒雨,現(xiàn)在的情況就會(huì)更好一些!那樣我的蔬菜就不會(huì)死掉了。由條件句中的had rained可以推出這是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,但是主句有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now,所以用了與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣would be;最后一句話也是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,故用wouldn’t have died。] 領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)法 一、1.would have been 2.had taken;wouldn’t be crying 3.had told 4.(should) have married 5.(should) be made;to do 二、1.A [由主句的結(jié)構(gòu)可知這是對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬,此時(shí)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是should do/were to do/did,如果從句省略if則構(gòu)成部分倒裝,故選A。] 2.C [suggestion后應(yīng)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu),should可以省略。] 3.C [由“when I was in school”可知是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,從句省略了studied hard。] 4.B [shall用于第一、三人稱,在問(wèn)句中表示征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求;would rather后的從句若表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)。] 5.A [本題為與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句。] 6.B [由tomorrow可知,從句應(yīng)該是對(duì)將來(lái)情況的假設(shè),此時(shí)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是should do/were to do/did,如果從句省略if則構(gòu)成部分倒裝,故選B。] 7.B [由語(yǔ)境可知,if only后的句子與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。] 8.B [由“must have enjoyed”可知otherwise后的情況是與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反的,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用would have done。] 9.C [由“I hope you’re enjoying”可知假設(shè)的情況是與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反,此時(shí)if從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用did或were,故選C。] 10.A [由語(yǔ)境可知,if only后的情形是與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反,此時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)。]- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題本站不予受理。
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