2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專題訓(xùn)練 名詞 新人教版.doc
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2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專題訓(xùn)練 名詞 新人教版 語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練10分鐘一 1.(xx天津卷)While she was in Paris,she developed a________for fine art. A.way B.relation C.taste D.habit 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:她在巴黎期間,培養(yǎng)了對(duì)藝術(shù)的興趣。a taste for...“對(duì)……的一種愛(ài)好?!? 答案:C 2.(xx浙江卷)As the worlds population continues to grow,the________of food bees more and more of a concern. A.worth B.supply C.package D.list 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:隨著世界人口的不斷增加,食品供應(yīng)問(wèn)題越來(lái)越受到人們的關(guān)注。the supply of food表示“食品供應(yīng)”。 答案:B 3.(xx江蘇卷)With inspiration from other food cultures,American food culture can take a________for the better. A.share B.chance C.turn D.lead 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:受其他食品文化的啟發(fā),美國(guó)食品文化有能力實(shí)現(xiàn)良好的轉(zhuǎn)變。take a turn for the better為固定搭配,“變好,好轉(zhuǎn)”。 答案:C 4.(xx天津卷)You are working too hard.Youd better keep a________ between work and relaxation. A.promise B.lead C.balance D.diary 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:你一直工作太辛苦了,你最好協(xié)調(diào)好工作與休息間的關(guān)系。keep a balance between A and B為固定搭配,意為:協(xié)調(diào)好A和B之間的關(guān)系,使A與B之間保持平衡。promise諾言;lead領(lǐng)先地位;diary日記。根據(jù)between work and relaxation可知C項(xiàng)正確。 答案:C 5.(xx江西卷)Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________. A.purpose B.reference C.progress D.memory 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:你最好記下那家餐廳的電話號(hào)碼供今后查閱。reference查閱;purpose目的;progress進(jìn)步;memory記憶。 答案:B 6.(xx江蘇卷)— Can I help you with it? —I appreciate your ________,but I can manage it myself. A.a(chǎn)dvice B.question C.offer D.idea 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:——需要我?guī)兔??——感謝你主動(dòng)幫忙,但我自己能解決。advice建議,忠告;question問(wèn)題;offer主動(dòng)提供;idea想法,主意。根據(jù)情景可知兩人中第一個(gè)提出要提供幫助,第二個(gè)表示不需要幫助,感謝對(duì)方提供幫助,故答案為C項(xiàng)。 答案:C 7.(xx湖北卷)It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________. A.symptom B.similarity C.sample D.shadow 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:經(jīng)常檢查眼睛是否有眼病跡象是很重要的,這些眼病可能沒(méi)有任何癥狀。symptom表示“癥狀,征兆”;similarity表示“相似,類似,類似點(diǎn)”;sample表示“樣品,樣本”;shadow表示“陰影,影子,陰暗部”。 答案:A 8.(xx四川卷)He will e to understand your efforts sooner or later.Its just a matter of________. A.luck B.value C.time D.fact 解析:本題考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他遲早會(huì)理解你的努力。這只是時(shí)間問(wèn)題。luck運(yùn)氣;value價(jià)值;time時(shí)間;fact事實(shí)。根據(jù)題意可知答案選C。 答案:C 9.(xx黑龍江省月考)—Shall we attend the lecture on how to prevent diseases? —Why?I cant see my________doing so.Id rather have a good rest. A.a(chǎn)dvantage B.purpose C.chance D.point 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:——我們要參加這個(gè)“如何防止疾病”的講座嗎?——為什么?我看不到任何一點(diǎn)意義,我寧愿好好休息一下。advantage,“優(yōu)點(diǎn),優(yōu)勢(shì)”;purpose,“目的”;chance,“機(jī)會(huì)”;point,“意義”。 答案:D 10.(xx龍巖市質(zhì)檢)—How can I take the medicine,sir? —Just follow the________on the bottle. A.messages B.introductions C.directions D.explanations 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:——先生,我如何服這個(gè)藥?——就按照瓶子上的說(shuō)明。message,“消息,信息”;introduction,“(針對(duì)某物的)介紹;(對(duì)知識(shí)入門(mén)等的)說(shuō)明”;direction,“(產(chǎn)品等的使用)說(shuō)明;指示”;explanation,“(針對(duì)某事某人給出的)解釋;說(shuō)明”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。 答案:C 11.(xx衡水二模)Good shoes,clothes and a backpack are the basic________you need for your hiking. A.equipment B.instrument C.tools D.fixings 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:好的鞋、衣服和背包都是你去徒步旅行的基本裝備。equipment,“裝備”,是不可數(shù)名詞;instrument,“工具;樂(lè)器”;tool,“工具”;fixings,“配料;額外的事物”。根據(jù)句意選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 12.(xx安徽省聯(lián)考)Online music providers in China hope to set up a plan that will charge individual users for music________. A.prints B.projects C.records D.downloads 解析:考查名詞辨析。music download,“音樂(lè)下載”??筛鶕?jù)前面的charge判斷。 答案:D 13.(xx廣西調(diào)研)Our government has taken________to stop the hunters killing the tigers in northeastern part of China. A.turns B.measures C.exercises D.photos 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:我們政府已經(jīng)采取措施來(lái)阻止獵手殺死中國(guó)東北地區(qū)的老虎。turn,“順序”;measure,“措施”;take measures,“采取措施”;exercise,“練習(xí)”;photo,“照片”。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。 答案:B 14.(xx泰州模擬)American artist Jeremy Telford made a room with balloons.He got the________from Bag End in the Lord of the Rings,which is a hole in the ground where a Hobbit(霍比特人)lives in the film. A.inspiration B.pensation C.occupation D.regulation 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:美國(guó)藝術(shù)家Jeremy Telford用氣球做了一間房子。他是受了《指環(huán)王》中袋底洞的啟發(fā),在這部電影中霍比特人住在地下的洞穴里。inspiration,“靈感;鼓舞”;pensation,“補(bǔ)償;賠償”;occupation,“職業(yè);占有”;regulation,“管理;規(guī)則”。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 15.(xx濟(jì)南模擬)Mike was set free very soon because of a lack of________that he was guilty. A.doubt B.conclusion C.evidence D.belief 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:由于缺少證據(jù)表明他有罪,Mike很快被釋放了。doubt,“懷疑”;conclusion,“結(jié)論”;evidence,“證據(jù)”;belief,“相信,信仰”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。 答案:C 語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練10分鐘二 1.(xx遼寧卷)The accident caused some________to my car,but its nothing serious. A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage 解析:考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后面的its nothing serious可知,造成的破壞不嚴(yán)重。damage意為“破壞,損壞”,意思是說(shuō)程度不是很嚴(yán)重,往往修理之后仍然可以使用,符合題意。 答案:D 2.(xx湖北卷)Poetry written from the________of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging. A.perspective B.priority C.participation D.privilege 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:從都市年輕人的視角寫(xiě)的詩(shī)歌往往顯示出了他們因?yàn)槿鄙贇w屬感而帶來(lái)的焦慮。perspective“視角,觀點(diǎn)”,合題意。 答案:A 3.(xx江西卷)Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with________. A.curiosity B.satisfaction C.envy D.patience 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:無(wú)論什么時(shí)候我犯了錯(cuò)誤,老師總是耐心地把它們指出來(lái)。patience“耐心”,符合句意。 答案:D 4.(xx山東卷) My first ________of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A.expression B.a(chǎn)ttention C.satisfaction D.impression 解析:句意:我對(duì)他的第一印象是,他是一個(gè)友好且體貼的年輕人。本題考查名詞辨析。A:表達(dá);B:注意力;C:滿意;D:印象。 答案:D 5.(xx福建卷)— Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? — Well,you know,English is my ________.So it is my best choice. A.strength B.talent C.a(chǎn)bility D.skill 解析:本題考查名詞辨析。句意:——你為什么選擇去一家國(guó)際旅行社工作?——哦,你知道,英語(yǔ)是我的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)。因此,這是我的最佳選擇。strength長(zhǎng)處,強(qiáng)項(xiàng);talent才能;ability能力;skill技能。 答案:A 6.(xx浙江卷) Your ________as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn. A.operation B.growth C.performance D.character 解析:此題考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:如果你能養(yǎng)成一種經(jīng)常思考如何學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣,那作為一名學(xué)生,你的表現(xiàn)一定會(huì)很優(yōu)秀。operation操作,手術(shù);growth成長(zhǎng);performance表現(xiàn);character性格。根據(jù)句意,只有C項(xiàng)合適。 答案:C 7.(xx湖北卷)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa. A.pattern B.procedure C.program D.perspective 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:那個(gè)官員堅(jiān)持說(shuō)Michael在申請(qǐng)簽證時(shí)沒(méi)有按照正確的程序來(lái)辦。procedure表示“程序,手續(xù),步驟”;program表示“計(jì)劃,方案”;pattern表示“模式,花樣,圖案”;perspective表示“視角,觀點(diǎn),遠(yuǎn)景,透視法”。 答案:B 8.(xx九江市一模)It is a great________for any man to be able to talk or hear,neither ignorantly nor ridiculously,upon any subject. A.a(chǎn)dvantage B.chance C.fun D.importance 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:對(duì)任何人來(lái)說(shuō)對(duì)任何主題能夠說(shuō)和聽(tīng)是很大的優(yōu)勢(shì),既不無(wú)知也不荒唐。advantage,“優(yōu)勢(shì)”;chance,“機(jī)會(huì)”;fun,“趣事”;importance,“重要性”。根據(jù)題意可知選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 9.(xx東北三模)Tickets for the most popular________,such as 100m race and 4100m relay race,were sold out in just a few hours. A.events B.incidents C.a(chǎn)ffairs D.a(chǎn)ccidents 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:像100米賽跑和4100接力這樣最受歡迎賽事的門(mén)票幾個(gè)小時(shí)就賣(mài)空了。event,“事件;大事;運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目”;accident,“事故;偶發(fā)事件”;affair,“大事;事件;事務(wù)”;incident,“發(fā)生的事;暴力事件;軍事沖突”。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 10.(xx山東模擬)I have no________that you will succeed,but I wonder whether you have really got everything ready. A.doubt B.wonder C.chance D.point 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:我絕不懷疑,你將成功,但是我仍在想你是否已經(jīng)把一切都準(zhǔn)備好了。have no doubt,“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”,根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 11.(xx武漢調(diào)研)He was faced with the________of whether or not to return to his country after he got the doctors degree in America. A.situation B.circumstance C.environment D.dilemma 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:在美國(guó)獲得博士學(xué)位后,對(duì)是否回到自己的國(guó)家他進(jìn)退兩難。situation,“處境;形勢(shì)”;circumstance,“情況”;environment,“環(huán)境”;dilemma,“困境;進(jìn)退兩難”。根據(jù)題意可知選D項(xiàng)。 答案:D 12.(xx黃岡、孝感聯(lián)考)There is always a pleasant________of calm at night in the small mountainous village,different from the noise in the city. A.a(chǎn)tmosphere B.environment C.observation D.consideration 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:在小山村,不同于喧鬧的城市的是午夜間總是保持一種愉快而又寧?kù)o的氛圍。atmosphere,“氣氛,氛圍”;environment,“環(huán)境”;observation,“觀察”;consideration,“考慮”。根據(jù)題意可知選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 13.(xx重慶聯(lián)考)—If you like,I can give you a ride home. —Thats a very kind________. A.offer B.point C.suggestion D.service 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:——如果你愿意,我載你回家。——那是一個(gè)非常好的提議。offer,“提議;出價(jià)”;point,“要點(diǎn);尖端”;suggestion,“建議”;service,“服務(wù)”。根據(jù)題意可知選A項(xiàng)。 答案:A 14.(xx遼寧考試)Although he is over 65,Mr.Smith has never been tired.Hes a man full of________. A.power B.energy C.strength D.force 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:雖然斯密斯先生超過(guò)六十五歲了,但是他從來(lái)不覺(jué)得累。他是一個(gè)精力充沛的人。power,“能力;權(quán)利”;energy,“精力;能量”;strength,“體力”;force,“力量”,一般指武力或物理學(xué)中提到的力。 答案:B 15.(xx福州質(zhì)檢)After great efforts,President Obama was elected to a second________of office. A.turn B.round C.term D.stage 解析:考查名詞辨析。句意:經(jīng)過(guò)很多努力,奧巴馬當(dāng)選為第二任期總統(tǒng)。turn,“變化;轉(zhuǎn)彎”;round,“循環(huán)”;term,“期限”;term of office,“任期”;stage,“階段;舞臺(tái)”。根據(jù)題意可知選C項(xiàng)。 答案:C- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題本站不予受理。
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