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第10講 狀語從句,考點(diǎn)1 時(shí)間狀語從句 【典例】1. (2015四川高考)There is only one more day to go ______ your favorite music group play live. A. since B. until C. when D. before 【解析】選D。句意: 在你最喜歡的樂隊(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演出前, 僅僅只有一天的時(shí)間了。根據(jù)句意可知要用before。,2. (2015天津高考)We need to get to the root of the problem______we can solve it. A. while B. after C. before D. as 【解析】選C。句意: 我們需要找出問題的根源才能解決問題。before在……之前, ……才……。,3. (2014陜西高考)The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left________I could ask for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. since 【解析】選B。句意: 這對(duì)年輕夫婦送還了我丟失的錢包, 我還沒來得及問他們的名字, 他們就離開了。before還沒來得及就……, 符合題意。,4. (2014安徽高考)The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times________it finally came to include the sense“pleasant. ” A. before B. after C. since D. while 【解析】選A。句意: 單詞“nice”的意義在最終含有意義“愉快的”之前改變了幾次。before“在……之前”, 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。,5. (2013陜西高考)I have heard a lot of good things about you______I came back from abroad. A. since B. until C. before D. when 【解析】選A。句意: 自從我從國(guó)外回來, 聽說了很多關(guān)于你的好消息。since自從; until直到; before在……之前; when當(dāng)……時(shí)。若選before, 主句應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)。根據(jù)句意, 應(yīng)選A。,【解題技巧】 1. while, when和as的用法區(qū)別。 (1)基本用法。 ①while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句須用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”“趁著……”。 We must strike while the iron is hot. ②when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句既可用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞又可用非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 ③as意為“一邊……一邊……” “隨著” “正當(dāng)”。 As each day passes, China becomes more and more powerful.,(2)特殊用法。 ①when可作并列連詞, 表示突然發(fā)生某事, 意為“正在……這時(shí)/忽然……”。 She was about to walk out of the door when the telephone rang. ②while可作并列連詞, 表示“然而, 卻”。 Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative.,2. before常用句式。 It will(not)be+一段時(shí)間+before. . . ; It was not long before. . . ; It was+時(shí)間段+before. . . 3. since常用句式。 It is/has been+一段時(shí)間+since. . . (從句用一般過去時(shí)); It was+一段時(shí)間+since. . . (從句非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)),4. 表示“一……就……”的句式。 as soon as/once; on/upon (doing) sth. ; no sooner. . . than; hardly/scarcely. . . when; the moment; the instant; instantly; immediately等 5. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的其他常見連詞(短語): whenever, every time, each time, next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time等。,考點(diǎn)2 條件狀語從句 【典例】1. (2015江蘇高考)It is so cold that you can’t go outside ______fully covered in thick clothes. A. if B. unless C. once D. when 【解析】選B。句意: 天氣太冷, 除非你穿了厚衣服, 否則你不能出去。unless除非, 符合句意。,2. (2015陜西高考)I believe you will have a wonderful time here ______you get to know everyone else. A. though B. as if C. once D. so that 【解析】選C。句意: 我相信一旦你認(rèn)識(shí)了其他的每個(gè)人, 你在這里會(huì)玩得很開心。though雖然, 盡管; as if好像; once一旦; so that為了。根據(jù)句意選C。,3. (2015北京高考)You won’t find paper cutting difficult______you keep practicing it. A. even though B. as long as C. as if D. ever since 【解析】選B。句意: 只要你不斷練習(xí), 你就不會(huì)覺得剪紙很難。even though即使, 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句; as long as只要, 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句; as if好像, 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句; ever since自從, 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。根據(jù)句意選擇B項(xiàng)。,4. (2014四川高考)I’ll be out for some time. ________anything important happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that 【解析】選A。句意: 我要出去一段時(shí)間。萬一有什么重要的事情發(fā)生, 立即給我打電話。根據(jù)句意可知, 這里表示“立即給我打電話”的條件, in case如果, 萬一, 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。,【解題技巧】 1. 條件狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。 if, unless (if. . . not), if only, once, so/as long as, supposing (that)(假設(shè)), in case(萬一……, 以防……), so/as far as(就……而言), on condition that(條件是……), provided/providing (that)(假如)等。 2. 從句中一般用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 I won’t go unless I’m invited. You may use the room as/so long as you clean it up afterwards.,3. 特殊條件句。 “祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise+陳述句”的句型中, 祈使句可轉(zhuǎn)化成條件狀語從句。 Use your head, and you’ll find a way. =If you use your head, you’ll find a way.,考點(diǎn)3 原因狀語從句 【典例】1. (2013山東高考)Mark needs to learn Chinese______his company is opening a branch in Beijing. A. unless B. until C. although D. since 【解析】選D。句意: 馬克需要學(xué)習(xí)漢語, ____他的公司要在北京開一家分公司。結(jié)合句意, 前后句應(yīng)屬于邏輯上的因果關(guān)系, since既然, 由于, 符合語境。,2. (2013安徽高考)It’s much easier to make friends______you have similar interests. A. unless B. when C. even though D. so that 【解析】選B。句意: 如果你們有相似的興趣愛好, 交朋友就更容易一些了。when在此意為“既然, 鑒于”。,【解題技巧】 1. 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有: because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)等。 Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 2. when除引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句外, 還可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句, 表示“既然, 鑒于”。 How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television?,考點(diǎn)4 讓步狀語從句 【典例】1. (2015福建高考)______the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp. A. While B. Unless C. Since D. Until 【解析】選A。句意: 盡管學(xué)生們來自不同的國(guó)家, 可是他們?cè)谙牧顮I(yíng)相處得很好。while表示“盡管, 雖然”, 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。unless除非; since由于, 既然; until直到。,2. (2015湖南高考)______the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it. A. If only B. After C. Although D. In case 【解析】選C。句意: 盡管這項(xiàng)工作花費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間, 但大多數(shù)學(xué)生認(rèn)為這種經(jīng)歷很值得。根據(jù)語境及句意得知答案。,3. (2014江蘇高考)Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed. A. though B. as C. since D. unless 【解析】選A。句意: 盡管歷史無法改變, 但是我們可以吸取教訓(xùn)來面對(duì)未來。though表示轉(zhuǎn)折。,4. (2014北京高考)________the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. A. As B. When C. Even though D. In case 【解析】選C。句意: 盡管那個(gè)森林公園很遠(yuǎn), 每年仍然有很多游客去參觀。由句意可知前半句是讓步狀語從句, C項(xiàng)符合題意。,5. (2013山東高考)______I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whoever D. However 【解析】選B。句意: 無論何時(shí)我要進(jìn)行演講, 在開始前我都會(huì)極其緊張。whenever無論何時(shí)。,6. (2013四川高考)He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son ______ he wants to. A. even if B. as if C. because D. before 【解析】選A。句意: 他很忙。即使他想和兒子多待會(huì)兒, 他也無法抽出足夠的時(shí)間。A項(xiàng)表示“即使”, 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。,7. (2013天津高考)______small, the company has about 1, 000 buyers in over 30 countries. A. As B. If C. Although D. Once 【解析】選C。句意: 雖然規(guī)模小, 但是這家公司在30多個(gè)國(guó)家大約有1 000家采購(gòu)商。although雖然。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)需倒裝, 故根據(jù)句意選C。,8. (2013江蘇高考)In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ____it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world. A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whichever 【解析】選C。句意: 在全球化的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中, 無論在什么地方發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種治療癌癥的新藥都能在全世界范圍內(nèi)創(chuàng)造出許多賺錢的可能性。從句“______it is discovered”不缺主要成分(主語、賓語或表語), 因此排除連接代詞whatever, whoever, whichever而使用連接副詞wherever。,【解題技巧】 1. 熟記讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞although, though, as, even though, even if等的含義。 2. 牢記下列特殊情況。 (1)when和while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 意思是“盡管”或“雖然”。while用在句首, when常用在句中。 While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.,(2)“No matter+疑問詞”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí), No matter+疑問詞=疑問詞+-ever。 Whatever/No matter what happened, he would not mind. 注意: “疑問詞+-ever”還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句, 此時(shí)不能與“No matter+疑問詞”互換。 I will give the book to whoever needs it. (3)引導(dǎo)倒裝的讓步狀語從句通常用as和though, 但不能用although, 且as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須倒裝。 Poor though/as I am, I can afford it.,(4)whether. . . or not也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 Whether you believe it or not, it is true.,考點(diǎn)5 其他狀語從句 【典例】1. (2015浙江高考)______a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. A. Just as B. Even though C. Until D. Unless 【解析】選A。句意: 正如一個(gè)詞能改變一句話的意思一樣, 一個(gè)句子也可以改變一段話的意思。just as正如, 好像; even though即使, 盡管; until直到; unless除非。根據(jù)句意可知選A。,2. (2015安徽高考)______he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. A. Where B. As C. In case D. Now that 【解析】選A。句意: 在他曾經(jīng)想放棄的地方, 現(xiàn)在他有了決心再向前推進(jìn)并繼續(xù)下去。where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句; as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句; in case以防萬一, 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句; now that既然, 引導(dǎo)讓步語從句。根據(jù)題干中的后半句, 可知前半句應(yīng)是地點(diǎn)狀語從句。,3. (2014浙江高考)Cathy had quit her job when her son was born ________she could stay home and raise her family. A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that 【解析】選D。句意: 兒子出生時(shí)凱西辭去了工作以便能待在家里撫養(yǎng)孩子。so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句, 從句中的could也起提示作用。,【解題技巧】 熟記下列從句的引導(dǎo)詞: 1. 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有so that, so. . . that, such. . . that等。 2. 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。 3. 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有as, as if, as though等。 4. 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有where, wherever等。 5. 引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有than, as. . . as. . . , not as/so. . . as, the more. . . the more. . . 。,注意: (1)在so/such. . . that. . . 句型中, 如果so/such置于句首, 主句要用部分倒裝。 (2)as if/though引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句時(shí), 有時(shí)也用虛擬語氣。,【誤區(qū)糾偏】 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1 混淆狀語從句與定語從句 ①A number of high buildings have arisen ______ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A. at which B. where C. that D. at the place ②(變式)A number of high buildings have arisen at the place ______ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A. at where B. that C. when D. where,【點(diǎn)撥】 當(dāng)涉及“地點(diǎn)”時(shí), 判斷是定語從句還是狀語從句的依據(jù): 看句中是否有先行詞。 (1)where引導(dǎo)定語從句, 從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞, 即地點(diǎn)名詞+where。 (2)where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句, 其前沒有表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。 (3)故題①為地點(diǎn)狀語從句, 選B, 題②為定語從句, 選D。,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2 混淆從屬連詞 ①—Did you receive the letter the next day? —No. Somehow, it was three weeks________I received it. A. since B. when C. that D. before ②(變式)—Did you receive the letter three days ago? —No. It is three hours________I received it. A. since B. when C. that D. before,【點(diǎn)撥】 (1)題①句意: ——第二天你收到信了嗎? ——沒有, 不知什么原因, 三周以后我才收到。本句使用了it was+一段時(shí)間+before. . . 過了……才……。故選D項(xiàng)。 (2)題②句意: ——三天前你收到信了嗎? ——沒有, 自我收到信到現(xiàn)在才三個(gè)小時(shí)。It is+一段時(shí)間+since. . . 自從……到現(xiàn)在……。故選A項(xiàng)。,