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句型轉(zhuǎn)換
句型轉(zhuǎn)換是句子類別的轉(zhuǎn)換,在中考中所占的分值一直挺大,而且有愈來(lái)愈高之勢(shì)。這是因?yàn)樵擃}的目的在于檢側(cè)學(xué)生運(yùn)用各種句型的能力,要求學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞形的變化做到概念清楚,運(yùn)用準(zhǔn)確,這對(duì)他們的英語(yǔ)綜合運(yùn)用能力有著較高的要求。
【題型特點(diǎn)】
句型轉(zhuǎn)換在中考中往往以兩種形式進(jìn)行考查。第一種是按要求完成句型轉(zhuǎn)換。第二種是同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。其中,按要求進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換題包括陳述句改一般疑問(wèn)句、就畫線部分提問(wèn)和改為反意疑問(wèn)句、改為否定句、感嘆句等。同義句改寫往往涉及到主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)、同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換、句子合并等內(nèi)容。
題型I按要求完成句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.(上海中考
2、)Fred plans to work in the charity hospital in the community.(改為否定句)
Fred ________ ________ to work in the charity hospital in the community.
2.(濟(jì)南中考)She is good at playing the piano。(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)
_______ _________ at playing the piano?
3.(上海中考)Jims office is four kilometers away from
3、 the nearest underground station.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
________ __________ is Jims office from the underground station?
4.(上海中考)Our journey to Britain last summer was amazing.(改為感嘆句)
_____ ________ our journey to Britain last summer?
【解題技巧】
1.通過(guò)仔細(xì)審題可知題1要改為否定句,句子的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù),句中沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)
4、詞或be動(dòng)詞。因此在改為否定句時(shí)需要用助動(dòng)詞,且助動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形,由此可知答案為:doesn’t plan,
2.題2要改為一般疑問(wèn)句,句子的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù),句中沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞但是有be動(dòng)詞,因此在改為一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)只需要將be動(dòng)詞提到句子前面即可。由此可知答案為:Is she.
3.對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn)的規(guī)則: 畫什么就問(wèn)什么。通過(guò)仔細(xì)審題,可知本題畫的是four kilometers,這是一個(gè)表示距離的短語(yǔ),由此可知疑問(wèn)詞是How far,
4.通過(guò)仔細(xì)審題可知本題所要感嘆的是amazing,那么感嘆句的引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該是how,由此可知答案為:How a
5、mazing,
題型2同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
1.(上海中考)Though the earthquake destroyed many houses, people didnt lose hope.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
Though many houses_______ __________ by the earthquake, people didn’t lose hope.
2.(上海中考)"Who is responsible for the food safety problem?" asked the reporter.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句)
The report
6、er asked________ ___________ responsible for the food safety problem.
3.(安順中考)The man is talking with my headmaster. He comes from Holland.(改為定語(yǔ)從句)
The man________ is talking with my headmaster _______ from Holland.
4.(上海中考)This year’s car exhibition was very special. It attracted many visi
7、tors.(合并為一句)
This year’s car exhibition was __________ special _________it attracted many visitors.
5.(上海中考)With the help of a local guide, they reached the mountain top in the end.(保持句意基本不變)
With the help of a local guide, they reached the mountain top _________ _________.
【解壓技巧】
1.本題主語(yǔ)已經(jīng)給出,句子
8、的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要變?yōu)閣as/were done ,由此可知答案為:were destroyed。
2.仔細(xì)審題可知本本題其實(shí)是將直接引語(yǔ)空為間接引語(yǔ)。本題的間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)與主句一致,由于who在句中既是疑問(wèn)詞也是連接詞,所以句序變。由此可知答案為:who。
3.本題是以定語(yǔ)從句的方式將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合成一句,句意不變。比較兩個(gè)句子可知headmaster是先行詞,引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),由此可知答案為: who/that ;comes.
4.本題是要用結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來(lái),由此可知答案為: so;that。
5.本題的兩個(gè)句子可知兩個(gè)句子的差異僅體現(xiàn)在 in the end這個(gè)短語(yǔ)上,其中文意思是:最后,終于。由此可知答案為: at last,
【方法點(diǎn)撥】如何做句型轉(zhuǎn)換題:
1 細(xì)審原題,弄清要求。解題時(shí)首先應(yīng)很好地審閱原題,對(duì)原題中的時(shí)態(tài)、主語(yǔ)、形式等認(rèn)真加以解析,做到心中有數(shù),明確解題要求。
2.上下聯(lián)系,抓住關(guān)健。注意上、下句之間的聯(lián)系.,抓住關(guān)健部分,慎重檢查改寫后的句子中的詞匯、時(shí)態(tài)、習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中的變換是否正確。
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