中考英語 考點聚焦 第38講 完形填空（一）課件.ppt

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甘肅省,英語,第38講 完形填空(一),完形填空。(2014，蘭州) “The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence.” That's an old __1__ in English.It means other places often look better，more interesting than the place __2__ you live.Some people worry __3__ young Chinese are beginning to feel that way.They see young Chinese ignoring Chinese culture and，instead，__4__ Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even celebrating western holidays.,Foreign books and soap operas are good，__5__ Chinese writers and actors are just as good.As for holidays，Christmas is nice，but it can __6__ have the meaning for Chinese that Spring Festival has，and the West has nothing to compare with Mid-autumn Festival.And let's not forget the part of Chinese culture I like best：__7__ friendliness.Not all countries are as __8__ as China. It's good to enjoy other cultures and to learn __9__ them，but they cannot replace your own culture.It's good to look on the other side of the fence，but __10__ you take a good long look.You will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of the fence.,( )1.A.saying B．words C．voice D．talk ( )2.A.why B．when C．where D．how ( )3.A.if B．that C．what D．whether ( )4.A.buy B．refusing C．refused D．buying ( )5.A.but B．so C．or D．because ( )6.A.always B．ever C．still D．never ( )7.A.it B．they C．its D．their ( )8.A.warmer B．warm C．cold D．colder ( )9.A.from B．with C．to D．over ( )10.A.make up B．make sure C．make up of D．be sure to,A,C,B,D,A,D,C,B,A,B,“完形填空”題是一種旨在考查學生語法和詞匯知識綜合運用能力的典型題型。它結(jié)合了單項選擇題和短文填空的優(yōu)點，既考查詞語搭配、近義詞辨析、動詞時態(tài)、句型結(jié)構、復合句的關聯(lián)和習慣用語等，又考查了邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。同學們只有具備了扎實的語言基本功、較強的閱讀能力及歸納判斷能力，才能較好地完成這一題型。,(一)“完形填空”題要求填入的詞： 1．語法結(jié)構所要求的功能詞。如連接詞(連接代詞，連接副詞)、關系詞(關系代詞，關系副詞)等。 2．具有語法變化的普通詞。如動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，名詞的數(shù)，代詞的格，形容詞和副詞的等級等。 3．固定搭配短語或詞組中的特定詞。如副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞等。 4．同義詞、近義詞等易混淆詞。 5．根據(jù)上下文意思及結(jié)構必須填入的確定詞。,(二)“完形填空”題解題策略： 1．解題前要通讀全文，領悟大意。 完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出現(xiàn)，因此，通讀全文，把握文章整體大意尤為重要。很多同學為了省時間，只看選項，不看文章，不尋找文章中句子與句子之間的關系，結(jié)果做出來的答案往往是錯誤的。 2．解題時要全面考慮，確定選項。 完形填空有些答案的四個選項從詞匯搭配、語法和句子結(jié)構等角度考慮均行得通，但由于文章是一個完整的統(tǒng)一體，詞、句、段三者存在著內(nèi)在邏輯關系，因此考生還要從上下文中尋找有關的信息，對文章的情節(jié)進行邏輯推理，抓住含有關鍵信息的詞語，理順句子之間的關系，確定正確的答案。其具體做法有：,?重視首句尋求信息 完形填空本是一篇殘缺的文章，留下首句可以幫助考生了解文章的主題，可以了解短文的概貌與作者的意圖。要充分利用首句的標示作用，利用它為解題找到一個突破口，從而展開思維。,【例1】 My stutter (口吃) had always been much of a problem.I'd had so many specialists for my ________ over the years.(2013，北京，35) A．speech B．study C．dream D．fear 解析：由首句“我的口吃已經(jīng)成為一個大問題”可知，作者在說話方式上很“獨特”。speech指“說話方式”。 答案：____,A,My mother only had one eye.And because of this，I never wished her to show up in my school，being afraid that my classmates would __1__ I had an ugly mother.(2014，十堰，41) ( )1.A.run out B．put out C．come out D．find out,D,?明辨褒貶語境，判斷是非 幾乎每篇完形填空的語境都有一定的褒貶性，這種褒貶性反映了主人公的特定心理、情緒狀態(tài)和作者寫作意圖，因此利用好文章的語境褒貶性就能對文章進行準確的邏輯判斷，從而在吃透文章并準確理解文意的基礎上推斷出每一空的準確信息，找出能反映語境褒貶性的標志性詞語或句子，大膽預測下文。 【例2】 He will never have hopes，dreams or something ________.(2013，蘭州，49) A．bad B．wore C．good D．better 解析：由上下文可知hopes，dreams都是好的東西，故排除A、B，又由句意可知用比較級“更好的東西”。 答案：____,D,I wanted to get a ride in somebody else's car，but it was dark and there was no car.It was also __2__ to take a taxi. ( )2.A.easy B．difficult C．early D．late,B,?巧用平行結(jié)構，判斷邏輯 平行結(jié)構指的是結(jié)構相同或相似、意思密切關聯(lián)、語氣一致的句子或短語組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。平行結(jié)構形式上整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容上聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其意義上的關聯(lián)和對比這一特點來設題。了解這一點可大大提高解題效率。 【例3】 Jim Smith was a poor boy.One day he was very cold and ________.He came to a house and asked a young woman only for a glass of water.(2013，云南，41) A．hot B．hungry C．cool D．strong 解析：由上文“he was very cold”可知，與cold相對的是“餓”。 答案：____,B,They found that the kids who watched violent cartoons fought with others and __3__ class rules more often.(2014，宜賓，47) ( )3.A.broke B．followed C．obeyed D．made,A,?結(jié)合常識，明辨真?zhèn)?【例4】 We can't force life to follow our wishes.The earth won't ________ turning whether we accept it or not.(2013，山西，36) A．stop B．keep C．start 解析：無論我們是否接受，地球都不會停止轉(zhuǎn)動。 答案：____,A,When you do something nice for someone，you shouldn't expect to get anything.But when you do get something，you should be very __4__．(2014，鄂州，45) ( )4.A.hopeful B．wonderful C．thankful D．helpful,C,課文反饋 (一)(2015，蘭州) Once there lived an unhappy king who slept badly and didn't feel like eating anything. This made__1__queen and his people worried. A doctor was called in to__2__him. The doctor said it's all in his mind instead of his body. So__3__medicine nor rest could help him but a shirt of a happy person. The prime minister was called to the palace. When hearing the king's situation, he said, “Although I have much power, it doesn't make me__4__. I'm always worried about losing it.” Then, the king's banker came and said he had lots of wealth, but he also worried about losing it. He was never happy, either. Next, the palace singer came and his words were almost the same.,Finally, the top general was told to find a happy man in__5__time. Luckily, he found a poor man without power, money or fame singing happily on a street. The general asked him __6__made him so happy. The poor man answered that he had everything he wanted and he didn't want those he couldn't have. His songs came from the happiness in his heart. When the general asked for the man's shirt，__7__， the man said, “What shirt? I don't own any shirts！”,( )1.A.a B．a(chǎn)n C．the D. / ( )2.A.examine B．notice C．look D．watch ( )3.A.none B．neither C．both D．a(chǎn)ll ( )4.A.happily B．unhappily C．unhappy D．happy ( )5.A.three day B．three days' C．three day's D．three-days ( )6.A.that B．which C．what D．where ( )7.A.to his surprise B．a(chǎn)fter all C．a(chǎn)s usual D．in total,C,A,B,D,B,C,A,(二)(2015，蘭州一診卷) Some people like to eat shark fin soup，especially in Southern China.But ___8__the sharks' fins is very cruel.When people catch sharks，they ___9__ their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.The sharks ___10__ die because they can't swim without fins.And it is ___11__ harmful to the environment.Sharks are at the ___12__ of the food chain.If the number of sharks ___13__ too low，it will break the balance of the nature.Please say no ___14__ eating shark fin soup，and take action to save the sharks!,( )8.A.get B．got C．getting D．gets ( )9.A.cut into B．cut off C．take off D．look into ( )10.A.wisely B．slow C．slowly D．daily ( )11.A.too B．either C．neither D．a(chǎn)lso ( )12.A.top B．middle C．bottom D．end ( )13.A.rises B．a(chǎn)re C．drops D．drop ( )14.A.in B．with C．a(chǎn)bove D．to,C,B,C,D,A,C,D,(三)(2015，蘭州模擬卷一) For this month's Young World magazine，I __15__ 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang.I asked Candy __16__ her life was different after she became famous.She explained that there were many good things，like __17__ able to travel and meet new people all the time.“I __18__ to be popular in school，but now I get tons of attention everywhere I go.”However，too much attention can also be a bad thing.“I always have to worry about how I appear to others，and I have to be very careful about what I say or do.And I don't have much private time anymore.Hanging out with friends is almost __19__ for me now because there are always guards around me.”Candy said to all those young people who want to become famous.“You have to be prepared to __20__ your normal life.You can __21__ imagine how difficult the road to success is.You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.”,( )15.A.invited B．introduced C．interviewed D．invented ( )16.A.how B．what C．when D．why ( )17.A.be B．is C．to be D．being ( )18.A.don't use B．wasn't used C．didn't use D．was used ( )19.A.unimportant B．impossible C．impolite D．inexpensive ( )20.A.give out B．give away C．give back D．give up ( )21.A.ever B．a(chǎn)lways C．never D．still,C,A,A,C,B,D,C,(一)The Phone Call(2015，北京) It was getting dark.Paul looked out of the window and sighed (嘆氣)．Dad said he would come home by 5：30，but it was almost 7：00.Even if Dad came back，it wouldn't be much fun palying __1__ in the dark.Paul walked into his room and threw his beseball into the corner.He tried to do some homework，but couldn't. The phone rang at about 8：00.It was Dad：“Paul，I'm __2__，but I couldn't play baseball with you tonight.I have to finish my work at the office.Maybe we can play this weekend.Oh no. How about next weekend？” Paul couldn't understand why Dad was so __3__．He threw himself into the sofa and soon fell asleep.His book was still opened to the first page.,The next day at school，Paul didn't hand in his homework and __4__ a test.Mrs Green，his teacher，asked him to stay after school.“Paul，you didn't do your homework.You didn't pass the test and only got a D．This isn't like you.What's wrong？” Paul just sat there __5__．“Paul，if you don't want to talk，I will.I know that something's worrying you，but you have to get it out.You need to tell someone.” As Paul walked home，he thought of what Mrs Green said.Maybe he didn't do his homework because he wanted to get his dad's __6__．He knew Mrs Green was right.He decided to take her advice.,When Paul got home，he __7__ his dad.But there was no answer.Then it went to voicemail (語音信箱)．Paul began talking，“Dad，I can't play with you next weekend.I've got lots of problems with my homework.Also，I really don't want to spend another day looking out of the window and waiting.Whenever you __8__ our plans，Dad，it hurts me.It's not too late to rebuild our relationship，but we have to start small.Maybe you can help me with my __9__ sometime.Dad，I love you.” As Paul ended the call，he felt much relaxed.He didn't know whether his dad would be different，but it didn't matter.He himself __10__．He expressed his feelings to the right person.He had a clear head as he was doing his homework that evening.,( )1.A.beseball B．cards C．chess D．toys ( )2.A.lucky B．sorry C．surprised D．pleased ( )3.A.famous B．helpful C．lazy D．busy ( )4.A.made B．missed C．failed D．chose ( )5.A.cheerfully B．comfortably C．hopefully D．quietly ( )6.A.attention B．message C．praise D．trust ( )7.A.saw B．thanked C．called D．greeted ( )8.A.prepare B．break C．follow D．question ( )9.A.choice B．homework C．speech D．decision ( )10.A.regretted B．complained C．insisted D．changed,A,B,D,C,D,A,C,B,B,D,(二)(2015，陜西) I was once a fat girl.I weighed 336 pounds and looked as big as my fridge.I was never __11__ it.But one day I had a medical examination(體檢)．The __12__ told me that I was having heart trouble.It __13__ me up.I began to feel nervous.Then I decided to do something! In a year and five months.I __14__ 104 pounds.What a great thing I did！I didn't have any expensive food，medical treatment(治序) or camp-style(訓練營式)exercise.What was the secret to my __15__？,First I looked through the Internet for do－it－yourself __16__ that people could follow on losing weight.Of course I saw countless ads which try to get me to buy their products.But I bought nothing.The only thing I did was to change my bad __17__．The following are what I have done.You can try these.Stop drinking some-thing with too much sugar in it.__18__ sweet cakes.Eat green vegetables.Use only vegetable oil.Never eat after 6：30 pm.Also，do light exercise for 15 to 20 minutes five days a week. Then I kept doing what I should do.People sometimes say，“You don't need to tell me __19__ to do.I know it already！”But the fact is that knowing what to do and doing what you know are totally __20__．The important thing is to know what to do and then just keep doing it.,( )11.A.excited about B．worried about C．proud of D．happy with ( )12.A.doctor B．friend C．mother D．teacher ( )13.A.gave B．cheered C．dressed D．woke ( )14.A.borrowed B．lent C．lost D．got ( )15.A.happiness B．success C．kindness D．richness ( )16.A.advice B．news C．food D．medicine ( )17.A.grades B．look C．wish D．habits ( )18.A.Accept B．Bring C．Refuse D．Make ( )19.A.how B．what C．why D．whether ( )20.A.easy B．difficult C．similar D．different,B,A,D,C,B,A,D,C,B,D,(三)My mother's loving hands(2015，福州) Night after night，she came to help me sleep，even long after my childhood years. I don't remember __21__ it first started making me a little angry-my mom's hands pushing my hair that way.But it really made me uncomfortable，for they __22__ rough(粗糙的)against my young skin.Finally，one night，I__23__ her，“Don't do that any more.Your hands are too rough！”She didn't say anything，__24__she never did it again. Years later，I missed my mother's __25__ and her goodnight kiss on my face.I'm not a little girl any more.My mom is __26__ her mid-seventies，and her rough hands are still doing things for my family and me.,Now my own children have __27__．It was late on Thanksgiving Eve.As I slept in my bedroom，a familiar hand ran across my __28__ to push the hair from my head.Then a kiss，ever so softly，touched my brow(額頭)． Taking my mom's hand，I told her how __29__ I was for that night I shouted at her.But my mom didn't know what I was talking about.She had forgotten it long ago. That night，I __30__ with a new appreciation(感激)for my mother's caring hands.And the guilt(內(nèi)疚)that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found.,( )21.A.when B．where C．why ( )22.A.looked B．felt C．seemed ( )23.A.nodded at B．shouted at C．laughed at ( )24.A.so B．or C．but ( )25.A.hands B．words C．smiles ( )26.A.on B．in C．a(chǎn)t ( )27.A.stayed up B．woken up C．grown up ( )28.A.nose B．face C．mouth ( )29.A.sorry B．tired C．relaxed ( )30.A.left home B．kept working C．fell asleep,A,B,B,C,A,B,C,B,A,D,(四)(2015，烏魯木齊) A group of frogs were traveling __31__ the forest，but unluckily two of them fell into a hole.The other frog tried to help them.When they saw how __32__ the hole was，they cried to the two frogs that they could not be saved.The two frogs didn't care and tried their best to jump up out of the hole.The other frogs __33__ saying that they were sure to die.__34__，one of the two frogs heard what the other frogs were saying and __35__．Then he fell down and died. However，the other frog __36__ to jump as hard as he could.At last，he made it out.When he __37__，the other frogs asked，“Didn't you hear us？”The frog，who had a poor __38__，explained，“I thought you were encouraging me all the time.”,The story teaches us a __39__：There is power of life and death in the tongue.An __40__ word to those who are down can help them out while a discouraging word can kill them.,( )31.A.cross B．through C．a(chǎn)cross D．over ( )32.A.deep B．small C．big D．wide ( )33.A.kept B．finished C．practiced D．stopped ( )34.A.Luckily B．.Finally C．Suddenly D．Happily ( )35.A.went on B．kept away C．jumped out D．gave up ( )36.A.happened B．continued C．planned D．wanted ( )37.A.got out B．ran away C．got off D．woke up ( )38.A.smelling B．eyesight C．hearing D．looking ( )39.A.way B．skill C．sentence D．lesson ( )40.A.interesting B．exciting C．excellent D．encouaging,B,A,A,B,D,B,A,C,D,D,