新編實(shí)用英語(yǔ)綜合教程2 第一單元

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1、Unit 1 Good Manners I. Teaching objectives 1. Enlarge students’ vocabulary 2. Improve students’ reading ability 3. Improve students’ ability of pronunciation 4. Make students know more English grammar 5. Review some old Knowledge of grammar and words II. Teaching Focus 1. Master the useful

2、 words and expressions. 2. Students’ ability to hold the main meaning of an article. 3. Grammar points 4. Improve students’ writing ability III. Time Allocation 1. Warm-up discussion; study of words and expressions (25Minutes) 2. Discussion of text A and the follow-up exercise

3、s (A and B) (20 Minutes) 3. Exercises D; Text A exercises C; grammar tips. (45 Minutes) 4. Discussion of text B and the follow-up exercises. (45 Minutes) 5. Translation exercises; practical writing. ( 45 Minutes ) IV. Teachin

4、g Methods and Strategies 1. Use student-centered teaching method to guide students in their learning; encourage students think themselves and participate in class activities actively. 2. Through group work or role-play, develop students’ communicative ability. 3. Use the key words to retell t

5、he story. V. Teaching Procedures Text A My Custom Step I. Background Information Manners are the standards of conduct which show the actor to be cultured, polite, and refined. They are like laws in that they codify a set of standards for human behavior; yet they are unlike laws in tha

6、t there is no formal system for punishing misbehavior. They are a kind of norm. Step II. Warm-up Questions: ①What changes in manners have taken place according to the article? A perfectly able woman no longer has to act helplessly in public, and a man can drop the outdated courtesies. ②Why d

7、on’t men have to show outdated courtesies to women now? It is thanks to the women’s liberation. ③Is “my wife” happy with “my custom”? Why? Maybe no, because she said “you did it again” when the hostess had gone. It seems that it takes time for women to get used to “my custom”. Step III Pa

8、rt Division of the Text Part 1 (Paragraph 1): As a result of women’s liberation, men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned courtesies. Part 2 (Paragraph 2-3): The changes in manners between men and women according to an article. Part3 (Paragraph 4-11): “My custom” -- I refuse to trouble w

9、omen with outdated courtesies and show my thoughtfulness for them in my own way. Step IV Vocabulary 1.custom 表示“習(xí)慣，風(fēng)俗”； 而customs意思是“海關(guān)”，如 customs duties“關(guān)稅，進(jìn)口稅”, customs（海關(guān)）與單數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用 e.g. The article is about how the customs works. Customs is an important organization in developing economies.

10、Derivatives： customary adj. 通常的，習(xí)慣的，慣例的 customer n. 顧客，主顧 customize v. 定做，按客戶具體要求制造 2.courtesy有兩種詞性，注意其各自用法不同： courtesy adj. 禮節(jié)性的；免費(fèi)的 pay a courtesy visit to the new neighbors 對(duì)新鄰居進(jìn)行一次禮節(jié)性拜訪 courtesy tickets for the reporters 記者的免費(fèi)票 courtesies n. (pl.) 謙恭有禮，殷勤，有禮貌的行為或言辭 Derivatives：

11、 courteous adj. 有禮貌的，謙恭的 courteously adv. 有禮貌地 discourtesy n. 無(wú)禮 discourteous adj. 沒(méi)有禮貌的, 不謙恭的 discourteously adv. 沒(méi)有禮貌地, 不謙恭地 by courtesy of 由于……的好意；蒙……允許；因?yàn)?，由? e.g. The following pictures are offered by courtesy of Mr. Peterson. 3.manner Comparison： manner, method, mode

12、, fashion, way manner 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是行動(dòng)或步驟具有個(gè)性和獨(dú)特性： e.g. She has a precise, clearly articulated manner of speaking. 她講話具體、清晰。 method 意指一個(gè)詳細(xì)的，邏輯有序的計(jì)劃： e.g. We should work on a better method for choosing a presidential nominee. 我們應(yīng)該找出一種更好的選舉總統(tǒng)候選人的方法。 mode 通常指由傳統(tǒng)或習(xí)俗影而形成的行事方法： e.g. Young people prefer m

13、odern modes of travel. 年輕人喜歡現(xiàn)代方式的旅行。 fashion 經(jīng)常與manner 和 mode 同義，它也可以指高度個(gè)人化，甚至是獨(dú)特的行為： e.g. She sang, in her own inimitable fashion. 她用她那種別人無(wú)法模仿的方式唱起來(lái)。 way 是所有這些詞中專指性最少的一個(gè)： e.g. That’s the only way to tell if a poem is lasting. 那是判斷一首詩(shī)能否不朽的唯一途徑。 all manner of 形形色色的；各種各樣的 in a m

14、anner of speaking 可謂；可以說(shuō) not by any manner of means 一點(diǎn)也不 4.historically historic, historical historic 指歷史上有重要意義的： e.g. a historic voyage to outer space一次具有歷史意義的太空旅行 historical 用于不管重要與否而在過(guò)去真實(shí)存在的所有事物： e.g. a historical character 也用于與歷史或歷史學(xué)科研究有關(guān)的事物： e.g. a historical novel

15、 /historical discoveries Derivatives： Historian 歷史學(xué)家，史家 Historic 歷史上著名的，有歷史性的 Historical 歷史(上)的，有關(guān)歷史的 History 歷史，歷史學(xué)，來(lái)歷，歷史記錄 Useful Expressions： historical materialism 歷史唯物主義 historical evidence 史實(shí) a historical play / novel 歷史劇/小說(shuō) 5.be supposed to Comparison： [同]

16、 be meant / intended /obliged / expected / required to Collocation：suppose that / supposing that 假定，假設(shè) e.g. They stoned Paul and dragged him out of the city, supposing that he was dead. 他們用石塊砸向保羅，然后把他拖出了城，以為他已經(jīng)死了。 e.g. Suppose that you are in charge of pricing at a local ski rental shop. 假定你在當(dāng)?shù)匾?/p>

17、家滑雪器材出租店負(fù)責(zé)定價(jià)。 Derivatives： supposable adj. 可假定的，可想像得到的 supposed adj. 假定的，推測(cè)的 supposedly adv. 想像上，按照推測(cè) supposing conj. 何不，為什么不；萬(wàn)一，假使 supposition n. 想象，推測(cè) 6.respect respect 作及物動(dòng)詞還有“遵守”的意思 e.g. You are supposed to respect the speed limit when driving. respects n. (p

18、l.) 敬意，問(wèn)候 作名詞時(shí)，respect可與to或for連用，表示“尊敬” Derivatives： Respectable可敬的，有名望的，高尚的，值得尊敬的 respectably可敬地，體面地 respectful 恭敬的，尊敬的，尊重人的，有禮貌的 respectfully尊敬地，謙恭地 respective 分別的，各自的 respectively分別地，各自地 Useful Expressions： in all respects 無(wú)論從哪方面來(lái)看 in respect of 關(guān)于；就……來(lái)說(shuō) pay one’s respects 表示敬意 wit

19、hout respect to 不管；不考慮 with respect to 談到，至于 7.blow blow away 強(qiáng)烈影響，征服 e.g. That concert blew me away. 音樂(lè)會(huì)震撼了我。 blow out 吹滅或被一陣風(fēng)吹滅；電器斷電；爆發(fā) blow over （風(fēng)雨）平息、衰退 e.g. The storm blew over quickly. 風(fēng)暴迅速減退。 The scandal will soon blow over. 丑聞將很快煙消云散。 blow up 充氣，膨脹；爆炸，發(fā)脾氣 e.g. A storm blew up

20、. 暴風(fēng)驟起。 blow up a tire給輪胎充氣 blow hot and cold 反復(fù)無(wú)常，出爾反爾 blow (one’s) mind 驚奇，興奮 blow a fuse 使保險(xiǎn)絲熔斷, 大怒 8.concern Collocations: concern oneself about / in / with sth. 忙于； 從事； 關(guān)心， 關(guān)切 He not only takes care of his own business, but also concerns himself with public work. 他不僅關(guān)心自己的事情，也關(guān)心公共事務(wù)。

21、be concerned about 關(guān)心 be concerned over / at sth. 為某事憂慮 be concerned in sth. 和某事有牽連 be concerned with 牽涉到，與……有關(guān)，參與 have no concern for 毫不關(guān)心 have no concern with和……毫無(wú)關(guān)系 Derivatives: Concerned adj. 關(guān)心的，有關(guān)的 concerning prep. 關(guān)于 Useful Expressions: as concerns關(guān)于 as / so far as... be conc

22、erned關(guān)于；至于；就……而言 everyday concerns日常事務(wù) give oneself no concern (about) 不關(guān)切，對(duì)……冷淡 it is no concern of mine / yours這不關(guān)我／你的事 of much / no concern 很重要，很有關(guān)系／無(wú)關(guān)緊要，沒(méi)有意義 9.depend on / upon Comparison [同] rely，count，reckon，hinge，rest，lean，be dependent on [反] be independent from Derivatives: dep

23、endable adj. 可靠的 dependably adv. 可信任地 dependence n. 依靠，依賴；信任，信賴 independence n. 獨(dú)立，自主 independent adj. 獨(dú)立自主的 Useful Expression: It / That (all) depends. <口> 那得看情況。 e up Comparison: [同] arise, occur, happen, come about, emerge, crop up, turn up, pop up come up against 碰到，遭遇

24、 come up to達(dá)到，符合；比得上，等于 come up with 趕上；提出，拿出 come across 不期而遇 come down to歸結(jié)為，涉及到 come into being 形成，產(chǎn)生 come on開始，出臺(tái)，上演；趕快 come out 出來(lái)，露出，真相大白 come through 經(jīng)歷，脫險(xiǎn)，成功 come to a close漸近結(jié)束，臨終 come to life 蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)，變得活躍，顯得逼真 come to terms 達(dá)成協(xié)議，妥協(xié)，讓步 come true實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到 come what

25、 may不論發(fā)生什么事情 11. confuse confuse A and B 混淆；混同 e.g. confuse black and white confuse A with B 分不清 e.g. confuse Mr. A with Mr. B confused adj. 困惑的，煩惱的 confusedly adv. 受困惑地，混亂地，慌亂地 confusion n. 混亂，混淆 12. insist insist upon / on / that 堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)決要求 e.g. He insisted on seeing me off a

26、t the railway station. We insist that you accept these gifts. insistence / insistency n. 堅(jiān)持, 堅(jiān)決主張 insistent adj. 堅(jiān)持不懈的 insistently adv. 堅(jiān)持地, 強(qiáng)求地 Step V Language points ①One of the good things for men in women’s liberation is that men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned court

27、esies. Sentence Paraphrase: Women’s liberation has brought about many good things. One of them is that men do not have to do special things to show their politeness to women as in old times. Structural Analysis: 該句主干是一個(gè)系表結(jié)構(gòu)，“one of the good things … is that …”，that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。注意“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，one是中

28、心詞，故與其相對(duì)的動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。又如： One of the team members summarizes their project to the audience. Pay sb. courtesy: be polite to sb. ②The author of the article also says there is no reason why a man should walk on the outside of a woman on the sidewalk. Sentence Paraphrase: The author of the article also

29、points out that a man is no longer supposed to walk on the outside of a woman on the sidewalk. 該句主干為“The author says…”。 賓語(yǔ)從句中主干為“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)，“reason”一詞后是其定語(yǔ)從句?！皉eason”的定語(yǔ)從句可以用that引導(dǎo)，也可以用why引導(dǎo)。如： There is a reason why / that you love this movie. ③If, out of love and respect, he actually wants to

30、 take the blows, he should walk on the inside -- because that’s where attackers are all hiding these days.” Sentence Paraphrase: If he is really willing to face the danger because of his love and respect for the woman, he should walk on the inside, because nowadays attackers are always hiding on t

31、he inside of the sidewalk. 整個(gè)句子有三個(gè)分句，前兩個(gè)是條件關(guān)系：“if …h(huán)e …, he should …”；前兩個(gè)和第三個(gè)之間又是因果關(guān)系，“because”引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句中“that”指“on the inside”。 if條件句中的插入語(yǔ)“out of”意為“出于，由于”，例如： A lot of people came to the exhibition out of curiosity. take the blows是一個(gè)源于拳擊的俚語(yǔ)，又作take the punches,比喻“面對(duì)困難或危險(xiǎn)，接受挑戰(zhàn)”。 ④It is usually

32、 easier to follow rules of social behavior than to depend on one’s own taste. Sentence Paraphrase: Compared with following social norms, it is more difficult to do what one really likes to do. 連詞than連接兩個(gè)不定式短語(yǔ)，表示兩種行為“to follow rules of social behavior”和“to depend on one’s own taste”間的比較。注意than是并列

33、連詞，相比較的部分在語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上須一致。 ⑤Actually, since I had walked through the restaurant ahead of my wife, it would have been awkward, I should think, not to have taken the chair. Sentence Paraphrase: As a matter of fact, I had preceded my wife through the restaurant, so if I had not taken the seat before her,

34、 I would have found myself in a very embarrassing situation. 此句為復(fù)合句，since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。主句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，would have been表示過(guò)去可能發(fā)生的事。to have done是動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式。“I should think”是主句中的插入語(yǔ)。 Step VI Focus on Grammar 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（Modal Verbs）的用法 e.g. Surely they can get out by themselves at night just as easily. She also s

35、ays there is no reason why a man should walk on the outside of a woman on the sidewalk. A man should walk where he wants to. So should a woman. But rules may be safely broken, of course, by those of us with the gift of natural grace. In times like these, there might be tough attackers hidden abou

36、t. It would not be suitable at all to put a woman in a car and then shut the door on her, leaving her at the mercy of some bad guy who might be hiding in the back seat. 在英語(yǔ)中，除了can, may ,should, might, would 外，還有must , will, need ,ought to等青苔動(dòng)詞。此外，還有have to, be supposed to, be able to 等表達(dá)情態(tài)的方式，如下列

37、各句中的黑體詞： e.g. Men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned courtesies. A perfectly able woman no longer has to act helplessly in public as if she were a model. Today a man is supposed to walk on the outside. 注意：含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子在變成否定句時(shí)直接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not. e.g. She doesn’t need help getting in and out

38、 of cars.此句中，need是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，而非情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 Text B Good Manners Step I. Vocabulary ①experience n. 經(jīng)歷(CN)，經(jīng)驗(yàn)（UN） vt 經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn) e.g. I had an unusual experience yesterday. 經(jīng)歷 He doesn’t have enough experience for the position. 經(jīng)驗(yàn) He experienced all sorts of difficulties and hardships. ②thoughtfulness

39、 n. 考慮周到，體諒；慎重 Thoughtful adj. 沉思的；體貼的，關(guān)心的 e.g. It was thoughtful of you to bring flowers.你帶花來(lái)真是想得太周到了。 ③apply v. 運(yùn)用，適用；申請(qǐng) e.g. This is a rule that applies to everyone.這是一條適用于每個(gè)人的規(guī)則。 I want to apply for the job. ④considerable adj. 相當(dāng)多（或大）的 A writer of considerable influence一名有很大影響的作家

40、 ⑤annoyance n. 煩惱，討厭的事 annoy v. 使苦惱，騷擾 e.g. These flies are annoying me.這些蒼蠅真讓人討厭。 ⑥interrupt v. 打斷（正在說(shuō)話或做事的人），中斷，插嘴 e.g. Rain interrupted our football game. It is rude to interrupt.. 打斷別人是不禮貌的。 Step II. Exercise B Step III. Homework Ask students to write a summary of the text.