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畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)任務(wù)書
學(xué)生姓名
系部
汽車與交通工程學(xué)院
專業(yè)、班級(jí)
車輛工程07- 班
指導(dǎo)教師姓名
職稱
教授
從事
專業(yè)
車輛工程
是否外聘
□是√否
題目名稱
輕型載貨汽車車架有限元靜力學(xué)分析
一、設(shè)計(jì)(論文)目的、意義
汽車作為交通運(yùn)輸工具之一,在人們的日常生活中發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用。隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,汽車工業(yè)也得到了飛速發(fā)展,在現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的今天,生產(chǎn)出結(jié)構(gòu)輕、性能好、質(zhì)量高、用途廣、安全可靠的汽車,成為了汽車廠家和客戶共同關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。
作為汽車總成的一部分,車架承受著來自道路及各種復(fù)雜載荷的作用,而且汽車上許多重要總成都是以車架為載體,因此設(shè)計(jì)出重量輕而各方面性能達(dá)到要求的車架結(jié)構(gòu)是一項(xiàng)重要的工作。傳統(tǒng)的車架結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是采用類比的思想進(jìn)行經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)計(jì)出的車架結(jié)構(gòu)除了個(gè)別部位的應(yīng)力水平較高外,大部分部位的應(yīng)力水平較低。因此,有必要采用有限元法對(duì)車架結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),以降低車架的重量,減小汽車的制造成本,提高市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
在汽車行業(yè)中,有限元法廣泛應(yīng)用于各大汽車總成,包括車架、車身、車橋、離合器、輪胎、殼體等零部件以及駕駛室噪聲的分析,大大提高了汽車的設(shè)計(jì)水平,正在成為設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算的強(qiáng)有力工具之一。
目前,在進(jìn)行汽車車架設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),設(shè)計(jì)人員主要采用的還是傳統(tǒng)的辦法對(duì)車架進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化的計(jì)算,或者由其它部門進(jìn)行有限元分析計(jì)算。車架的這種設(shè)計(jì)模式導(dǎo)致的問題包括兩個(gè)方面:一是車架簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算精度不夠,為保證強(qiáng)度及剛度要求而使車架的設(shè)計(jì)過于安全,造成設(shè)計(jì)出的車架結(jié)構(gòu)過重,增加了設(shè)計(jì)成本;二是造成車架的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算分離,不利于提高車架設(shè)計(jì)人員的設(shè)計(jì)水平。為了促進(jìn)車架設(shè)計(jì)水平的提高,保證整車在市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力,必須將車架有限元分析技術(shù)提高到戰(zhàn)略的高度上來。
二、設(shè)計(jì)(論文)內(nèi)容、技術(shù)要求(研究方法)
設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容:
1.選題的背景、目的及意義;
2.Pro/E、ANSYS軟件研究;
3.車架設(shè)計(jì)的方法步驟研究;
4.用Pro/E軟件建立車架整體模型,然后導(dǎo)入ANSYS軟件進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分;
5.假定汽車滿載情況下,對(duì)車架進(jìn)行彎曲、扭轉(zhuǎn)、緊急剎車、急轉(zhuǎn)彎四種工況下的受力和變形情況的靜態(tài)有限元分析。
技術(shù)要求:
1.研究輕型載貨汽車車架;
2.有限元模型、載荷建立正確;
3.生產(chǎn)綱領(lǐng):成批生產(chǎn)。
三、設(shè)計(jì)(論文)完成后應(yīng)提交的成果
輕型載貨汽車車架有限元靜力學(xué)分析程序一份;
設(shè)計(jì)說明書(20000字以上)一份。
四、設(shè)計(jì)(論文)進(jìn)度安排
(1)知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備、調(diào)研、收集資料、完成開題報(bào)告 第1~2周(2.28~3.11)
(2) 整理資料、提出問題、撰寫設(shè)計(jì)說明書草稿、熟悉Pro/E、ANSYS軟件的使用 第3~5周(3.14~4.1)
(3)理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際分析問題、解決問題,使用Pro/E、ANSYS軟件完成中型載貨汽車車架的三維設(shè)計(jì)、強(qiáng)度分析等部分設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容,中期檢查 第6~8周(4.4~4.22)
(4)改進(jìn)完成設(shè)計(jì),改進(jìn)完成設(shè)計(jì)說明書,指導(dǎo)教師審核,學(xué)生修改 第9~12周(4.25~5.20)
(5)評(píng)閱教師評(píng)閱、學(xué)生修改 第13周(5.23~5.27)
(6)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)答辯 第14周(5.30~6.3)
(7)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)修改 第15~16周(6.6~6.17)
(8)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)答辯 第17周(6.20~6.24)
五、主要參考資料
1.劉惟信.汽車設(shè)計(jì).北京:清華大學(xué)出版社
2.張洪信.有限元基礎(chǔ)理論與ANSYS應(yīng)用.北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2006.1
3.段進(jìn),倪棟,王國(guó)業(yè).ANSYS10.0結(jié)構(gòu)分析從入門到精通.北京:兵器工業(yè)出版社,2006.10
4.姜勇,張波.ANSYS7.0實(shí)例精解.北京:清華大學(xué)出版社
5.汽車車身結(jié)構(gòu)與設(shè)計(jì).北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社
6.余傳文.重型載貨汽車車架結(jié)構(gòu)的有限元仿真及優(yōu)化.吉林大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文,2005
7.黃華,茹麗妙.重型運(yùn)輸車車架動(dòng)力學(xué)分析.車輛與動(dòng)力技術(shù)
8.劉新田,黃虎,劉長(zhǎng)虹等.基于有限元的汽車車架靜態(tài)分析.上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2007,6:112~116
9.輕型載貨汽車車架設(shè)計(jì)資料
10.網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源,超星數(shù)字圖書館
11.近幾年相關(guān)專業(yè)CNKI網(wǎng)絡(luò)期刊等
六、備注
指導(dǎo)教師簽字:
年 月 日
教研室主任簽字:
年 月 日
105
黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
附錄C
附C1 車架4工況分析前準(zhǔn)備程序
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DADELE,P51X,ALL
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!*
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!*
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DA,P51X,UY,
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SFA,P51X,1,PRES,254590
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! /EXIT,ALL
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! /EXIT,NOSAV
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附C2 車架彎曲工況ANSYS分析程序
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!*
/GO
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!*
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/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,0.729,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,0.729,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,0.729,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,0.729,1
/REP,FAST
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,356
FITEM,2,-363
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UY,
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/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,-0.300343,0.352473,-0.211274,0.330212
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,348
FITEM,2,-355
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UY,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/REP,FAST
/ANG,1,-30,XS,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,0.883522,-0.326502,1.043103,-0.322792
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,239
FITEM,2,-246
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UY,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,1.009702,0.374735,0.935479,0.504594
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,247
FITEM,2,-254
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UY,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,1.458755,0.701237,1.711114,0.404417
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,-0.437656,-0.426678,0.196955,-0.575088
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,8
FITEM,2,578
FITEM,2,580
FITEM,2,582
FITEM,2,584
FITEM,2,586
FITEM,2,588
FITEM,2,590
FITEM,2,592
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,ALL,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,1.154438,0.445230,1.354842,0.322792
FLST,2,4,5,ORDE,4
FITEM,2,594
FITEM,2,596
FITEM,2,598
FITEM,2,600
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,ALL,
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/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/REP,FAST
/FOC,1,,0.3,,1
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/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1
/REP,FAST
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!*
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!*
APLOT
FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,752
FITEM,2,-753
/GO
!*
SFA,P51X,1,PRES,254590
FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,777
FITEM,2,-778
/GO
!*
SFA,P51X,1,PRES,157070
/STATUS,SOLU
APLOT
/FOC, 1, 2941.72569429 , 708.203057414 , 1475.55755451
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SOLVE
FINISH
/POST1
PLDISP,0
!*
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PLNSOL, U,SUM, 0,1.0
!*
/EFACET,1
PLNSOL, S,EQV, 0,1.0
!*
FINISH
/FILNAME,1wancheng,0
!*
/CWD,'E:\111111'
SAVE,'1','db','E:\101010\1\'
SAVE
FINISH
! /EXIT,ALL
/BATCH
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 20:52:57 06/15/2011
/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
/GRA,POWER
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RESUME,'3wancheng','dbb','E:\111111\',0,0
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 20:53:52 06/15/2011
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WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0
!*
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!*
/PBC,ALL, ,1
/REP
!*
APLOT
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,-0.381988,0.248587,-0.266942,0.207774
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
FINISH
! /EXIT,NOSAV
附C3 車架扭轉(zhuǎn)工況ANSYS分析程序
/BATCH
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 19:57:33 06/06/2011
/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
/GRA,POWER
/GST,ON
/PLO,INFO,3
/GRO,CURL,ON
/CPLANE,1
/REPLOT,RESIZE
WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0
RESUME,'aaa','db','E:\99999\',0,0
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 20:00:07 06/06/2011
/RGB,INDEX,100,100,100, 0
/RGB,INDEX, 80, 80, 80,13
/RGB,INDEX, 60, 60, 60,14
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/REPLOT
/PNUM,KP,0
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/PNUM,AREA,1
/PNUM,VOLU,0
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/PNUM,TABN,0
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/NUMBER,0
!*
/PNUM,ELEM,0
/REPLOT
!*
VPLOT
APLOT
/PREP7
FINISH
/SOL
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,0.950323,-0.489753,1.009702,-0.545406
FLST,2,4,5,ORDE,4
FITEM,2,605
FITEM,2,607
FITEM,2,609
FITEM,2,611
DADELE,P51X,UY
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
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/REP,FAST
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FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,235
FITEM,2,-242
DADELE,P51X,UY
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
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/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
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/REP,FAST
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/FOC, 1, 1290.25493274 , -883.193787000 , -511.911936820
/REPLO
/DIST,1,0.729,1
/REP,FAST
FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,749
FITEM,2,-750
/GO
!*
SFA,P51X,1,PRES,134400
FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,776
FITEM,2,-777
/GO
!*
SFA,P51X,1,PRES,70288
/VIEW,1,1,1,1
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/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1
/REP,FAST
SAVE,'2qiujieqian','db','E:\101010
SAVE
FINISH
! /EXIT,ALL
/BATCH
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 20:08:06 06/06/2011
/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 20:08:14 06/06/2011
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/GST,ON
/PLO,INFO,3
/GRO,CURL,ON
/CPLANE,1
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WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0
VPLOT
FINISH
! /EXIT,NOSAV
/BATCH
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 01:03:34 06/07/2011
/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
/BATCH
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 01:05:03 06/07/2011
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/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 01:05:39 06/07/2011
/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
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/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 01:05:51 06/07/2011
/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
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/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 01:06:06 06/07/2011
/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 01:06:24 06/07/2011
/GRA,POWER
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/PLO,INFO,3
/GRO,CURL,ON
/CPLANE,1
/REPLOT,RESIZE
WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0
/SOLU
APLOT
/STATUS,SOLU
SOLVE
FINISH
/POST1
PLDISP,0
!*
/EFACET,1
PLNSOL, U,SUM, 0,1.0
/RGB,INDEX,100,100,100, 0
/RGB,INDEX, 80, 80, 80,13
/RGB,INDEX, 60, 60, 60,14
/RGB,INDEX, 0, 0, 0,15
/REPLOT
/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1
/REP,FAST
!*
/EFACET,1
PLNSOL, S,EQV, 0,1.0
!*
!*
FINISH
/FILNAME,2wancheng,0
!*
/CWD,'E:\101010階段存檔'
SAVE
附C4 車架急剎車工況ANSYS分析程序
/BATCH
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 18:53:16 06/15/2011
/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
/GRA,POWER
/GST,ON
/PLO,INFO,3
/GRO,CURL,ON
/CPLANE,1
/REPLOT,RESIZE
WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0
RESUME,'0','db','E:\101010\',0,0
/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.1 UP20091102 18:53:37 06/15/2011
/SOLU
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,0.913212,-0.463781,0.980013,-0.530565
FLST,2,4,5,ORDE,4
FITEM,2,595
FITEM,2,597
FITEM,2,599
FITEM,2,601
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,ALL,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,-0.831041,0.552827,-0.563836,0.497173
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,8
FITEM,2,579
FITEM,2,581
FITEM,2,583
FITEM,2,585
FITEM,2,587
FITEM,2,589
FITEM,2,591
FITEM,2,593
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,ALL,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
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/REP,FAST
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,-0.133340,0.263428,-0.073961,0.252297
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,356
FITEM,2,-363
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UX,
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,356
FITEM,2,-363
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UY,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,-0.474768,0.493463,-0.341165,0.474912
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,348
FITEM,2,-355
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UX,
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,348
FITEM,2,-355
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UY,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/ANG,1,30,XS,1
/REP,FAST
/ANG,1,30,XS,1
/REP,FAST
/ANG,1,30,XS,1
/REP,FAST
/ANG,1,30,XS,1
/REP,FAST
/ANG,1,30,XS,1
/REP,FAST
/ANG,1,30,XS,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,0.705386,-0.230035,0.827855,-0.270848
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,239
FITEM,2,-246
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UX,
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,239
FITEM,2,-246
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UY,
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
/REP,FAST
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,0.746209,0.252297,0.582917,0.100177
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,247
FITEM,2,-254
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UX,
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,-0.036849,-0.371025,0.575495,-0.396996
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,2
FITEM,2,247
FITEM,2,-254
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,UY,
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/REP,FAST
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/ZOOM,1,SCRN,1.098771,0.474912,1.258351,0.378445
/ZOOM,1,SCRN,-0.615792,-0.608481,-0.151896,-0.660424
FLST,2,8,5,ORDE,8
FITEM,2,578
FITEM,2,580
FITEM,2,582
FITEM,2,584
FITEM,2,586
FITEM,2,588
FITEM,2,590
FITEM,2,592
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,ALL,
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/REP,FAST
/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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FLST,2,4,5,ORDE,4
FITEM,2,594
FITEM,2,596
FITEM,2,598
FITEM,2,600
!*
/GO
DA,P51X,ALL,
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/DIST,1,1.37174211248,1
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/REP,FAST
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