高中英語 Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships Friendship Sections Ⅱ Grammar課后演練提能 外研版選修61

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Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships Friendship Sections Ⅱ Grammar [夯實基礎(chǔ)知識] Ⅰ. 用括號內(nèi)所給單詞或短語的適當形式填空 1. ________(fail) three times, he didnt want to try again. 答案：Having failed 2. The manager, ________(make) it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room. 答案：having made 3. ________(tell) the story many a time, the little girl can retell it in detail. 答案：Having been told 4. I crossed the street to avoid ________(meet) him, but he saw me and came running towards me. 答案：meeting 5. －So hot here, isnt it? －Yes, why not try________(turn on) the air conditioner? 答案：turning on 6. We regret ________(inform) you that your application has not been successful. 答案：to inform 7. I absolutely refuse ________(take part in) anything that is illegal. 答案：to take part in 8. I tried ________(catch) the early bus, but I couldnt. 答案：to catch Ⅱ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換(將下列句子轉(zhuǎn)換為分詞短語形式) 1. I had never seen him before, so I didnt recognize him. →________________， I didnt recognize him. 答案：Having never seen him before 2. When I finished my homework, I went out to play football with my friends. →________________， I went out to play football with my friends. 答案：Having finished my homework 3. Because they had been asked to stay, they couldnt possibly leave right away. →________________， they couldnt possibly leave right away. 答案：Having been asked to stay 4. When he arrived at the station, he found the train had left. →________________， he found the train had left. 答案：Arriving at the station 5. Although he had failed many times, he didnt lose heart. →________________， he didnt lose heart. 答案：Having failed many times Ⅲ. 單句語法填空(不多于3個單詞) 1. [2013重慶高考]The engine just wont start. Something seems________(go) wrong with it. 答案：to have gone　考查非謂語動詞。句意：發(fā)動機無法啟動。看起來它出了些問題。sb./sth. seems加不定式，為固定句式，常指“似乎發(fā)生了什么”。而此處故障已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，故使用seem to have done。 2. [2012重慶高考]________(ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. 答案：Having been asked　考查非謂語動詞。句意：我那天晚上因為被要求加班而錯過了一部精彩的電影。非謂語動詞所表示的動作和邏輯主語I之間是被動關(guān)系，且所表達的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞missed之前，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動形式。having been asked既表被動，又表完成，在句中作原因狀語。 3. [2012湖南高考]Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs ________(do) to achieve the final success. 答案：to be done　考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們有一個好的開始，但是接下來，更多的工作還需要做，以實現(xiàn)最終的成功。need表“需要”后跟to be done或動詞ing形式(主動形式表被動)且工作應(yīng)該是將去被做，為to be done形式，符合題意。 4. [2013遼陽高二檢測]________(finish) his work, Tom went to have dinner with his colleagues. 答案：Having finished　句意：完成工作后，湯姆和同事們?nèi)コ酝盹?。“完成”這個動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前，應(yīng)用having done的形式。 5. ________(reelect) President of the US, Obama made a warm speech in Chicago which lasted over five minutes. 答案：Having been reelected　考查非謂語動詞。句意：再次當選美國總統(tǒng)后，奧巴馬在芝加哥發(fā)表了持續(xù)五分鐘的熱情講話。Having been reelected現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動形式，既表示選舉完成，又表示已被選上。 6. ________(warn) of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend following her. 答案：Having been warned　句意：因為被警告晚上在街上的危險性，她不得不在朋友的跟隨下回家。warn和主句謂語had to go home有先后順序，在先的動作warn用完成式，表被動。 7. [2013日照高二檢測]There is nothing more I can try ________(persuade) you to stay, so I wish you good luck. 答案：to persuade　句意：對于說服你留下來這件事我已經(jīng)束手無策了，因此我只能祝你好運。try to persuade...意為“盡力去說服……”。I can try ________you to stay為定語從句，省略了作try賓語的關(guān)系代詞that。 8. I didnt mean________(eat) anything, but the cake looked so delicious that I couldnt help trying a piece of it. 答案：to eat　考查mean的用法。句意：我本沒想吃什么東西，但那蛋糕看上去是那么美味，我禁不住嘗了一塊。mean to do sth.“打算做某事”；mean doing“意味著……”。 9. [2013蚌埠高二檢測]The monkey seemed to enjoy ________(photograph) with children in the park. 答案：being photographed　句意：這只猴子好像喜歡在公園里和孩子們一起照相。enjoy后跟v.ing形式，monkey和photograph之間是被動關(guān)系。 10. The young man, ________(make) several attempts to beat the world record in high jump, decided to have another try. 答案：having made　句意：這位年輕人，曾幾次嘗試打破世界跳高紀錄，決定再試一次。man和make之間是主動關(guān)系，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，又因為make several attempts這個動作先于decided發(fā)生，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。 [提升實戰(zhàn)能力] Ⅳ. 閱讀理解 A Once again, I was in a new school. So was a girl in my class named Paris. Thats where the similarities ended. I was tall and she was short. I was one of the oldest in the class while she was the youngest. I was awkward(笨拙的) and shy. She wasnt. I couldnt stand her, considering her my enemy. But she wanted to be friends with me. One day, she invited me over and I said yes—I was too shocked to say no. Actually no one had invited me over to play before. But this girl, who wore the latest fashions, wanted to see me. She lived on the fourth floor in a tworoom place with her mother, her stepfather, her two brothers and her sister. When we got to the room she shared with her sister, she took out a big case of Barbies which was my next surprise. I would have thought shed outgrown(長大而放棄) them. I had never played with them. But we sat on the floor of a walkin cupboard laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies. Thats when we found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older. We both had wild imaginations. We had a great day that afternoon. Our jaws(下巴) ached from smiling so much. She showed me her outfits(全套服裝), which had mostly come from a designer clothing store(時裝設(shè)計店) down the block. The woman who owned it used her as a model sometimes for her newspaper ads and gave her clothes in exchange. Paris had the whole neighborhood attracted. The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines, the movie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces. Soon I was included in her magic world. We slept over at each others houses, spent every free moment together. My dark hair grew out and I learned to love being tall. Paris, my first real friend since childhood, helped me get through the tough teenage years and taught me an amazing thing about making friends: your “worst enemy” can turn out to be your best friend. 作者回憶了轉(zhuǎn)學后，與女同學Paris由相識、敵對到和睦相處，最后成為最要好的朋友的過程以及作者內(nèi)心的感受。 1. Which of the following is most probably the best title? A. A story about Paris B. An unlikely best friend C. Life in a new school D. A secret of how to make friends 答案：B　標題歸納題。作者在文中回憶了最初結(jié)識Paris的時候，覺得不能忍受她，所以把她當做自己的敵人，后來她們成了最要好的朋友。故B項切題。 2. The writer and Paris were similar in that________. A. both of them were new students B. both of them were friendly C. both of them were tall D. both of them were the youngest in class 答案：A　細節(jié)理解題。從第一段中的“Once again, I was in a new school. So was a girl in my class named Paris.”可以看出兩人都是剛到這所學校。故答案為A。 3. In the article the writer describes Paris as a girl who was________. A. awkward and shy　　　 B. fashionable and proud C. quiet and lonely D. friendly and lovely 答案：D　推理判斷題。從第二段對兩人的對比及下文對Paris的描述中可以看出，Paris跟作者(awkward and shy)不同，她既友善又可愛。 4. From the article, we can see that through her friendship with Paris, the writer________. A. found she and Paris had more similarities than differences B. was able to fit in at her new school with Paris help C. was not so awkward or shy as before D. learned more about fashion herself 答案：C　推理判斷題。從倒數(shù)第二段中的“My dark hair grew out and I learned to love being tall.”可以看出，和Paris的友誼對作者幫助很大，作者不再像以前那樣害羞了。 B [2014四川高考] Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers have found its all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷爾蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently. “Women tend to be social in their behavior. They often share with others. But men tend to be competitive. They are trying to improve their social status，” said Professor Ryan. Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions (互動) such as falling in love or giving birth. But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy. Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship. Professor Ryans recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37. Half of the participants (參與者) received oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰劑)． After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went through the same procedure with the other material. Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions. Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions. The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, mens ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better. Professor Ryan thus concluded: “Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise peoples abilities to better distinguish different social interactions. And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal.” 本文為說明文，題材為科普知識類。文章通過Ryan教授的實驗得知：荷爾蒙催生素可以使人們更好地辨別不同社交互動的能力，男女行為的不同主要是由荷爾蒙生理因素引起的。 5. What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text? A. Placebo. B. Oxytocin. C. The gesture. D. The social status. 答案：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話可知：雖然荷爾蒙催生素被認為是愛情荷爾蒙，但是它對男女有不同的影響。所以答案是B項。 6. What can we learn from Professor Ryans previous experiment? A. Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way. B. Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love. C. Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others success. D. Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand peoples behavior differences. 答案：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知：在先前的實驗里Ryan教授發(fā)現(xiàn)，在消極的社交互動中，比如妒忌，荷爾蒙也可以在我們身體里被釋放。所以答案為C項(當我們對別人的成功感到不高興時，我們的身體會釋放荷爾蒙催生素)。 7. Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment? A. To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions. B. To know the differences between friendship and competition. C. To know peoples different abilities to answer questions. D. To test peoples understanding of body language. 答案：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知：進一步的研究表明，荷爾蒙催生素可以提高男性認識競爭關(guān)系的能力，但是它可以提升女性認識友誼的能力。通過這個研究結(jié)果可以推斷出來Ryan教授做這個實驗的目的是檢測荷爾蒙催生素對人們在認識社交互動能力方面的影響，故選A項。 8. The author develops the text by ________. A. explaining peoples behaviors B. describing his own experiences C. distinguishing sexual differences D. discussing research experiments 答案：D推理判斷題。第一段中提到Researchers have found...，第四段提到先前實驗的發(fā)現(xiàn)，剩下文章詳細介紹了最近實驗的具體過程和結(jié)果，所以可以推斷出作者是通過討論研究實驗來寫這篇文章的，故選D項。 Ⅴ. 語法填空 M：Oliver, what do you usually have __1__ breakfast in America? W: I usually have bread, fried eggs, a bowl of porridge for __2__. What about you, Peter? M: I like to have ham and eggs, bread and vegetable, butter, salad and orange, __3__ usual English breakfast. W: More and more young couples in China __4__(come) to like the western breakfast. They think its very __5__(convenience) and good for health. M: __6__(have) western food for breakfast is good for ones health. In England, __7__ most begin working early in the afternoon, they often have fast food for lunch such as sandwiches, apple pies, and beef noodles. W: We often have lunch in a dining hall. M: Do you have the habit __8__ drinking afternoon tea with cakes? W: No, we usually wait for dinner. Its __9__ (big) meal of the day. All the members of the family come home and sit together enjoying dishes with __10__(cook) rice. 1. ________　2. ________　3. ________　4. ________ 5. ________　6. ________　7. ________　8. ________ 9. ________　10. ________ 兩位朋友正在談?wù)撁绹椭袊说脑绮惋嬍沉晳T。 1. for　考查介詞。用介詞for是固定用法，意為“為了”。 2. it　考查代詞。用it代指breakfast。 3. a　考查冠詞。用a泛指“一頓平常的英國式早餐”。 4. have come　考查時態(tài)。句意：越來越多的中國年輕夫婦開始逐漸喜歡西式早餐了。用現(xiàn)在完成時表示到現(xiàn)在為止進行的動作。 5. convenient　考查形容詞。根據(jù)前面的be動詞可知用形容詞convenient。 6. Having　考查非謂語動詞__6__(have) western food for breakfast整個作主語，所以用動名詞形式。 7. because/since/for/as　考查連詞。句意：在英格蘭，由于大多數(shù)人在下午很早就開始工作，所以他們經(jīng)常在中午吃快餐。上下文是因果關(guān)系。 8. of　考查介詞。the habit of意為“……的習慣”。 9. the biggest　考查形容詞。根據(jù)下文的of the day可知用最高級，指的是“一天中最隆重的一頓飯”。 10. cooked　考查動詞過去分詞。修飾rice用過去分詞作定語，rice與cook之間是被動關(guān)系。