高中英語 Module 1 Small Talk Sections Ⅱ Grammar課后演練提能 外研版選修61

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Module 1 Small Talk Sections Ⅱ Grammar [夯實基礎知識] Ⅰ. 完成句子 1. John drove to the station to pick up Mary, so she ______________. John開車去車站接Mary，因此她沒有必要乘出租車回家了。 答案：didnt need to take a taxi back home 2. You ________________ as we still have time this morning. 你昨晚不必工作到這么晚，因為我們今天早晨仍然有時間。 答案：neednt have worked so late last night 3. You ________________， for he had got back the day before. 你不必擔心他，因為他前天已經(jīng)回來了。 答案：neednt have been worried about him 4. Jane is crying in the next room. You ________________. Jane正在隔壁房間哭呢，你剛才不應該對她如此嚴厲。 答案：shouldnt have been so hard on her just now 5. I________________ last night but I had an unexpected guest. 昨晚我很想跟你一起去參加晚會，但是來了一位不速之客。 答案：would like to have gone to the party with you Ⅱ. 在所給動詞前加上didnt need to或neednt have填空 1. You ________(write) such a long essay. The teacher only asked for 300 words, but you have written 600. 答案：neednt have written 2. He ________(buy) such a large house. His wife would have been quite happy in a small one. 答案：neednt have bought 3. I________(translate) it for him for he understands Dutch, which saved me lots of time. 答案：didnt need to translate 4. I________(cut) the grass myself, for I knew my brother had done it. 答案：didnt need to cut 5. You ________(carry) all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked them. 答案：neednt have carried Ⅲ. 單句語法填空(不多于3個單詞) 1. He did not regret saying that but felt that he ________(express) it differently. 答案：could have expressed　句意：他不后悔說了那樣的話，但是覺得本可以用一種不同的方式來表達。could have done表示本來能做到某事但沒有做到，表達對過去的遺憾。 2. She ________have left school, for her bike is still here. 答案：couldnt　句意為：她不可能離開學校了，因為她的自行車還在這里。couldnt have done表示對過去作出的否定的推測。 3. [2014威海高二檢測]I got to the party at 6 p．m. but there was no one there, so I ________(arrive) so early. 答案：neednt have arrived　考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：我在晚上6點到了晚會，但是那里沒有人，所以我不必到這么早。neednt have done表示過去不必做卻做了某事。 4. It was fine yesterday so I didnt need ________(take) the trouble to carry my raincoat with me. 答案：to take　句意為：昨天天氣很好，所以我不必費力帶著雨衣。根據(jù)句意可知說話者知道天氣好，因此沒有帶雨衣，因為這是沒有必要的。didnt need to do表示過去沒有必要做并且沒有做某事。 5. Jenny________(hear) about the accident; otherwise, she wouldnt be in such low spirits. 答案：must have heard　句意為：珍妮肯定已經(jīng)知道這起事故了，否則她不會情緒這么低落。must have done表示對過去的肯定推測，發(fā)生的可能性極大。 6. [2014天津高二檢測]When the foreign guest arrived, I found him speaking good Chinese. I ________(translate) his speech into Chinese the night before. 答案：neednt have translated　考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為：當外國客人到達的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他漢語說得很好。我前一天晚上本不必把他的演講翻譯成漢語。根據(jù)句意可知，說話人知道外賓漢語說得很好，因此他本來沒有將外賓的演講譯成漢語的必要，但事實上他翻譯了。故用neednt have done的結構。 7. －Can you imagine Mike finished the tough job only in 2 hours? －He ________(do) it all by himself. I dare say even three people cant do it in one day. 答案：couldnt have done　句意為：——你能想象到邁克在僅僅兩小時內就完成了這項艱難的工作嗎？——他不可能一個人做的。我敢說這項工作三個人一天都完不成。couldnt have done表示對過去的否定推測。 8. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ________(dress) up so formally. 答案：neednt have dressed　句意為：因為最后證明這是個小型家庭晚會，我們沒必要穿得如此正式。由句中so formally可知說話人本沒必要穿著如此正式參加晚會但卻這么做了，所以用neednt have done sth.來表示。 9. －Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Shanghai this morning. －Really? She ________(take) the 9：00 train. Its much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. 答案：could have taken　句意為：——珍妮今天坐了早上8點的汽車去了上海?！娴膯?？她本可以乘坐9點的火車。坐火車出行更舒適更安全。could have done表示過去本來可以做到但沒有做。 10. I didnt need________(go) to the bank just now－Mary lent me the money. 答案：to go　句意為：我剛才沒必要去銀行——瑪麗借給我錢了?，旣惤杞o說話人錢了，所以說話人沒有必要去銀行了，并且沒有去。didnt need to do表示過去沒必要做并且沒有做。 [提升實戰(zhàn)能力] Ⅳ. 閱讀理解 A What is small talk? It means that the conversation is about some little things, which are not important. You can make small talk when waiting in line in the supermarket, or while waiting for a bus. Though the topics in small talk are not important, small talk itself is very important. It makes other people feel relaxed; it breaks the silence; it shows friendliness and good manners, and it makes time pass pleasantly. In small talk, it is important to remember to smile and keep the conversation relaxed. Its also good to show a sense of humor (幽默感). You could talk about weather, an interesting story in the news or on television, a sports event, a play or a movie, or you could ask parents about their new baby. What shouldnt you talk about? You should try not to talk about politics(政治) or religion(宗教), also, you should try not to talk too long on a subject or ask questions that are too personal. Give other people a chance to speak and listen to what they say. If you two have different opinions on a topic, change it. 本文告訴我們什么是聊天，并就聊天的話題和禁忌給出了一些建議。 1. When can NOT a person make small talk? A. When he or she is waiting in line in the supermarket. B. When he or she is waiting for a bus. C. When he or she is being interviewed for a job. D. All of the above. 答案：C　細節(jié)理解題。由第一段可知，A、B兩項所述情況均可進行small talk。根據(jù)small talk的定義，參加工作面試是正式場合，不應進行small talk。 2. Small talk can lead to the following results EXCEPT that ________. A. it breaks the silence B. it shows friendliness and good manners C. it makes time pass pleasantly D. it makes other people feel nervous 答案：D　細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句可知A、B、C三項都是small talk的作用，只有D項不是。 3. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Small talk is very important. B. Some tips on how to make small talk. C. We should learn to make small talk. D. The things we shouldnt do in small talk. 答案：B　主旨大意題。本文先解釋了什么是small talk，然后又講了哪些是應該做的，哪些是不應該做的。所以只有B項能體現(xiàn)文章的主旨大意。 B [2014遼寧高考](Q＝Question; A＝Answer) Situation Ⅰ Q: If someone sits right next to me in an empty movie theater, is it rude to move? A: Maybe, but nobody will fault you for it. Chances are that the close sitter doesnt realize he disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance. You undoubtedly arent the first person hes met who needs enough room. Forgive his bad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show. Situation Ⅱ Q: If I use the bathroom at a store, do I need to buy something? A: Consider frequency and urgency. Is this a onetime thing or an emergency? If so, you dont have to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. However, if you regularly use the bathroom at this place, then you are a customer, and you should act like one. Situation Ⅲ Q: If someone is talking loudly on the bus, is there a nice way to ask him to keep it down? A: No. Try other means: 1)Stare at him until he gets aware of it and quiets down.2)Lift your finger in a silence motion (動作) and smile.3)Put on earphones and ignore him. Situation Ⅳ Q: If I remember my friends birthday a day late, should I apologize or just wish her a happy birthday like nothing happened? A: This is the reason why the word belated was invented. “Happy belated birthday！” is short for: “Well, I know I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday.” Situation Ⅴ Q: Can I lie about seeing a text because I was too busy or lazy to respond (回復) to it? A: Dont lie.Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond to it. Why waste a perfectly good lie when the truth will serve? “Yes，” you can say if ever asked, “I saw it.” No explanation is needed as to why you dont respond. 本文為說明文，題材為社會生活類。主要介紹了在幾種情況下人們的禮貌做法。 4. You will get annoyed in a theater when ________. A. a person is too active B. a person is too rude to you C. a person talks too loudly D. a person sits too close to you 答案：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Situation Ⅰ中的Chances are that the close sitter doesnt realize he disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance.可知“在電影院里，當有人坐得離你太近的時候你可能會感到有點生氣或惱火”。其它三項沒有提及。 5. How will you quiet someone down in a public place? A. By making fun of him continuously. B. By looking purposefully at him. C. By talking to him directly. D. By pointing angrily at him. 答案：B細節(jié)理解題。由Situation Ⅲ中Stare at him until he gets aware of it and quiets down.可知選B。 6. The underlined word “belated” in Situation Ⅳ probably means ________. A. predicted　　　　　　 B. returned C. cancelled D. delayed 答案：D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Situation Ⅳ語境中的“遲到的祝賀”，得知畫線詞belated“遲來的”相當于delayed(延遲的)。 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. Modern ways to mind your manners. B. Different ways to change others manners. C. Proper manners to offer help to others. D. Good manners to talk to people. 答案：A主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文對幾種行為禮儀情況的建議，得知本文的主旨大意為A選項——注意行為禮儀的現(xiàn)代方法。 Ⅴ. 語法填空 The International Red Cross and Red Crescent(彎月) Museum was opened in Geneva in 1988. __1__ tells the story of men and women who, in the course of the major events of the last 150 years, have given assistance __2__victims of wars and natural disasters. The organization __3__ (found) in 1863, and was based on an idea by a Swiss businessman called Henry Dunant. He had witnessed too many __4__ (die) and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years __5__(early), in which 40, 000 people were killed, wounded or missing. He had seen the lack of medical services and the great suffering of many of the wounded, __6__ simply died from lack of care. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent exists __7__(help) the victims of conflicts and disasters regardless of their nationality. __8__ symbol of the organization was originally just the red cross. It has no religious significance; the founders __9__ the movement adopted it in honor of Switzerland. However, the original symbol, the red cross, could hurt Muslim soldiers feelings, __10__ a second symbol, the red crescent, was used. Both are now official symbols. 1. ________　2. ________　3. ________　4. ________ 5. ________　6. ________　7. ________　8. ________ 9. ________　10. ________ 文章介紹了國際紅十字協(xié)會的創(chuàng)辦以及會標的設計。 1. It　考查it的用法。指代上文中的同一事物the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum，應用it。 2. to　考查介詞。此處是give sth. to sb.結構。give assistance to sb.意為“給某人幫助、協(xié)助”。 3. was founded　考查語態(tài)。組織應是“被建立”，再由過去時間in 1863可知，此處應用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。 4. deaths　考查詞性轉換。由前面的many及and后的wounds可知，此處應用復數(shù)名詞deaths。 5. earlier　考查比較級。此處指“早在4年前”，故用比較級形式。 6. who　考查定語從句。所填詞引導非限制性定語從句，修飾表示人的先行詞the wounded，在從句中作主語，故填who。 7. to help　考查不定式。此處指“紅十字會主要是為了幫助沖突和災難中的受害者”，表示目的，故用不定式形式。 8. The　考查冠詞。symbol后有介詞短語修飾，表示特指，故填定冠詞the。 9. of　考查介詞。此處指“這場運動的創(chuàng)始人”，表示所屬關系，故填of。 10. and/so　考查并列連詞。此處表示因果或承接關系，故填so或and均可。