中考英語 話題十二 飲食試題1

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話題十二　飲食(Food and drinks) Ⅰ.完形填空 A In Thailand, people do not eat with chopsticks like in China, Japan, and Korea.They use spoons and forks.They never use knives.Most food is __1__ cut.If you need to cut things, use the __2__ of your spoon first and then use your fork.The spoon is more __3__ than the fork.If you are right－h(huán)anded, keep the spoon in your right __4__ and the fork in your left hand. People usually have rice in a __5__ bowl.The rice is not on the same plate with the other food.It is not necessary to __6__ all your rice or all your food.__7__ a little on your plate is good.If you eat anything, it __8__ you want more. People always __9__ you more food.The host(主人) will ask you two or three times __10__ you want more food.It is the same with __11__ you are drinking.During the meal, never __12__ your cup or glass.When it is __13__ half full, your host or neighbor will __14__ it again.Never fill your own glass.Always refill(再加滿) your neighbors glass.This means that you must keep an eye __15__ your neighbors glass all through the meal. (A)1.A.already　 B．nearly　 C．really　 D．never (D)2.A.end B．opposite C．top D．side (D)3.A.beautiful B．precious C．famous D．important (B)4.A.side B．hand C．plate D．bowl (A)5.A.different B．same C．big D．small (C)6.A.take B．make C．finish D．pour (D)7.A.Having B．Taking C．Eating D．Leaving (C)8.A.regards B．knows C．means D．stands (A)9.A.offer B．provide C．afford D．arrange (A)10.A.if B．or C．why D．how (B)11.A.whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．however (D)12.A.break B．raise C．hold D．empty (D)13.A.more than B．close to C．far from D．less than (B)14.A.put B．fill C．pour D．cover (C)15.A.in B．at C．on D．with 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了泰國的飲食文化不同于中國、日本、韓國等國家。比如他們不是用筷子吃飯，而是多使用勺子和叉子；還有他們盛飯時米飯也會放到不同的盤子里；最后講述了他們在就餐過程中的一些習慣。 【答案精析】 1．A　考查副詞辨析。already “已經”；nearly“幾乎，接近”；really“的確”；never“從不”。由語境可知此處應表示“大多數食物已經被切好了”，故選A。 2．D　考查名詞辨析。end “結束”；opposite“相反”；top “頂部”；side“邊，面，側面”。結合語境可知句意為“如果你需要切東西，首先可以用勺子的一邊”，故選D。 3．D　考查形容詞辨析。beautiful“漂亮的”；precious“寶貴的”；famous “著名的”；important“重要的”。由前后文語境可知此處應強調勺子的重要性，故選D。 4．B　考查名詞辨析。side “邊，面，側邊”； hand“手”；plate “盤子”； bowl“碗”。由“the fork in your left hand”可知把勺子應拿在右手邊，故選B。 5．A　考查形容詞辨析。 different“不同的”；same “相同的”；big “大的”；small“小的”。由“The rice is not on the same plate with the other food.”可知“米飯和其他食物不是放在相同的盤子里”，故選A。 6．C　考查動詞辨析。take “帶走”；make “制作；使”； finish“完成”；pour“涌出，傾倒”。結合上下文語境可知此處表示 “沒必要吃完所有的食物”，故選C。 7．D　考查動名詞辨析。having“有”；taking“帶走，拿走”；eating“吃”；leaving“留下”。由上文說“沒必要吃完所有的食物”可知此處表示“留一些食物在盤子里是不錯的”，故選D。 8．C　考查動詞辨析。regards “把……看作”；knows “知道，了解”；means “意思是”；stands“代表”，后通常與for連用。句意為“如果任何東西你都吃完的話，那就意味著你還想吃更多?！惫蔬xC。 9．A　考查動詞辨析。 offer”提供”； provide“提供”； afford “付得起”；arrange“安排”。句意為“人們總是為你提供更多的食物?！眔ffer sb. sth.和provide sb. with sth.都意為“為某人提供某物”。故選A。 10．A　考查連詞辨析。 if “如果，是否”；or “或者，否則”；why “為什么；……的原因”；how “如何”。結合上下文語境可知句意為“主人會問你兩三遍你是否想要更多的食物”。故選A。 11．B　考查連詞辨析。whenever“無論何時”；whatever“無論什么”； wherever“無論在哪”；however“無論如何”。此處whatever引導賓語從句，在從句中作賓語，故選B。 12．D　考查動詞辨析。break“損壞”；raise“提高”；hold “支撐，容納”；empty“把……倒空”。由下文內容可知此處表示，不要將你的杯子喝到空，與下文的full相對應，故選D。 13．D　考查形容詞短語辨析。more than “多于”；close to“接近”；far from “遠離”；less than“少于”。此處表示當杯子還不到半杯滿時，你的主人或鄰居會再次倒?jié)M它。故選D。 14．B　考查動詞辨析。put“放置”； fill“填滿”；pour“傾倒”；cover“覆蓋”。結合上下文語境可知此處表示，你的主人會再次倒?jié)M它。故選B。 15．C　考查介詞辨析。keep an eye on sth.“盯著某物看”，為固定短語。故選C。 B 請先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所給的詞的適當形式填空。每個詞限用一次。 if　serious　follow　reason　one　eat regular　advice　realize　health Have you ever wanted to stop 1 eating something sweet but you just couldnt? Can you eat a huge bar of chocolate all by yourself? Can you say “no” to sweets at parties? If you cant, then there is a 2 reason —perhaps youre sugar addict(有癮的人)! Does that sound funny? Well, doctors say that people who eat sweets 3 regularly can easily become addicted(成癮的) to sugar. Whats more, most sugar addicts dont even 4 realize that theyre addicted! Sugar addiction is a 5 serious problem because it can really damage your health.Doctors say that we should eat food which is 6 healthy such as fresh fruits and vegetables, and that we shouldnt eat a lot of sugar or fast food.But sugar addicts cant 7 follow this advice.They know they must stop eating sweet food, but they cant.So what can you do 8 if you think youre addicted to the taste of sugar? Well, here is some 9 advice： Eat some fresh fruits when you really want something sweet to eat. Cut down on sweet food slowly.Dont try to stop eating it all at 10 once. Tell your parents, If they know, they will help you. 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述對糖或甜食上癮可能會對身體的有一些危害，同時給了一些關于少吃甜食保持健康的建議。 【答案精析】 1．eating　由“something sweet”可知此處指停止吃一些甜食；stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事情”，為固定用法，故填eating。 2．reason　分析句子可知此空在a之后，缺一個可數名詞單數，由后文的解釋“或許你就是甜食愛好者”可知此處表示“如果你不能，那只有一種原因”。故填reason。 3．regularly　此處“ who eat sweets ...”是一個定語從句，此處缺副詞作狀語。再由句意“經常吃甜品的人”可知應填regular的副詞形式regularly。 4．realize　dont 之后需要動詞原形，由“most sugar addicts dont even ... that theyre addicted! ”可知此處表示大多數對糖成癮的人都沒有意識到他們已經成癮了，故填realize。 5．serious　分析句子成分可知此處缺形容詞修飾名詞problem，由 “because it can really damage your health”可知糖癮是很嚴重的問題，故填serious。 6．healthy　be動詞之后應用形容詞，由“such as fresh fruits and vegetables”可知水果蔬菜屬于健康的食物，故填healthy。 7．follow　cant 之后缺少動詞原形。再由“But”可知對糖成癮的人卻不能遵循這個建議。故填follow。 8．if　分析句子結構可知兩個分句間需要一個連接詞，再由語境可知此句意為“如果你認為你對甜品成癮的話你會做什么？”故填if。 9．advice 　some之后缺名詞，再由下文三點都是建議可知此處填advice，advice為不可數名詞。 10．once　at once為固定搭配，意為“立刻；馬上”。故填once。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A Do you think that living a hungry life is last centurys story? Well, it may be this centurys headline. The world has growing worries about a global food shortage.Right now, there are still 870 million hungry people in the world, according to a survey of the UNs Food and Agriculture Organization.Unfortunately, Children cant escape it, either.Around fifteen million children die of hunger each year. Whats causing food shortage? There are several reasons. There are now more droughts and floods.This is very harmful to farmers and their ability to grow food. Besides, with the growing population, feeding everyone becomes more difficult.There are a little more than seven billion people in the world.By 2050, the world population will be more than nine billion. Another reason is food waste.The average person throws away 50kg of food every year. How can we help with food shortage? The easiest way is to cut down on food waste. Next time before throwing away the food on your plate, just think how much work has been done to make it．By buying less, we waste less.This takes the pressure of producing so much food.And it helps to solve the problem of food shortage. The author of the study said, “You dont need a huge activity to make a difference.” (B)1.How many reasons for food shortage have been mentioned in the passage? A．2.　　　B．3.　　　C．4.　　　D．5. (A)2.The easiest way to solve food shortage is to ________. A．save food B．plant more food C．limit population growth D．stop pollution (A)3.What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．food B．survey C．population D．work (C)4.The last sentence in the passage means ________. A．theres no need to have an activity to cut down on food waste B．solving food shortage is a great thing C．stop wasting from ourselves and from tiny things D．we should make a difference to stop population growth 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要從兩方面對于全球食物短缺問題進行了說明：一是食物短缺的原因；二是幫助減輕食物短缺的方法。 【答案精析】 1．B　綜合理解題。文章4，5，6段分別講了導致食物短缺的三個原因：自然災害(干旱和洪澇)；人口增長；食物浪費。 2．A　細節(jié)理解題。由第七段第二句“The easiest way is to cut down on food waste.”可知，解決食物短缺問題最簡單的方法是減少食物浪費，即節(jié)約食物。 3．A　單詞指代題。由畫線單詞所在句“Next time before throwing away the food on your plate, just think how much work has been done to make it.”可知此處表示，下次在你扔食物之前，想一下為生產食物做了多少工作。故此處it指食物。 4．C　句意猜測題。make a difference意為“起作用”。結合上下文語境可知此句與“Stop wasting from ourselves and from tiny things.”同義，即停止浪費從自身及身邊小事做起。故選C。 B 請先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據短文內容從下面方框內的七個選項中，選擇五個還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結構完整。 When we talk of plants, most of us will think of things that grow from the ground and have green leaves, but there are plants that do not look or act like other plants.1__F__ Fungi may appear almost everywhere. 2__D__ Because fungi do not have green leaves to make their own food, fungi must take their food from animals, other plants or water.Some fungi live on dead or rotting wood, while others grow on living trees or in dirt or moss(苔蘚)． 3__A__ There are many kinds of mushrooms appearing in all shapes and sizes.For example, Squirrels bread(松茸) is a kind of wild mushroom. 4__B__ This kind of fungi looks like small golden cakes.Squirrels can easily eat them or carry them off to their hole to eat later. 5__E__ They can be eaten safely. People are warned never to touch or taste wild mushrooms, because some of them are deadly.Even less dangerous ones can still make a person very sick. A．Mushrooms(蘑菇) are the best－known fungi. B．Its appearance and use can explain its name. C．Squirrels bread can be eaten. D．They commonly grow in wet places where they can get food and water easily. E．The mushrooms in the store are grown carefully. F．Some of these belong to a special class of plants called fungi(菌類)． G．It depends on the climate and soil. 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。短文主要介紹了菌類植物的生長習性及它們的外觀特點。 【答案精析】 1．F　由前句“but there are plants that do not look or act like other plants”可知此處要引出“other plants”，菌類植物和其他植物有所區(qū)別，是一種特殊的植物。故選F。 2．D　由后句“Because fungi do not have green leaves to make their own food”，可知菌類生長的地方沒有陽光，不長葉子。生活在比較潮濕的地方。故選D。 3．A　由后句“There are many kinds of mushrooms appearing in all shapes and sizes.”可知后面都是在說蘑菇，所以本句屬于引出線索。故選A。 4．B　由空格后的內容“This kind of fungi looks like small golden cakes.”可知此空與蘑菇的形狀有關。故選B。 5．E　由后句“They can be eaten safely.”可知前面提到了一種特殊的菌類即食用安全放心的，故選E。 Ⅲ.補全對話 請閱讀下面對話，根據對話內容補上所缺的句子，使對話通順、合理，意思完整。(每空一句) A：Good afternoon, “Gingers restaurant”.1__May/Can__I__help__you? B：Yes.Id like to book a table for Friday evening please. A：OK.2__For__how__many__people? B：Well have eight or nine people.Could we book a private room? A：Let me have a check.3__At__what__time? B：About 7：30. A：Yes.Thats fine.We can book you a private room for up to ten people at that time.4__Could__you__give__me__your__name__please? B：My name is John Smith.My phone number is 75397382. A：All right.We have reserved a private dining room for you at 7：30 PM on Friday evening. B：Thank you. A：5__Youre__welcome./My__pleasure. Ⅳ.書面表達 目前中學生飲食健康問題已經引起社會關注，很多學生因飲食不當導致營養(yǎng)不良。我們應該如何保持飲食健康成為了大家普遍探討的問題。請你根據以下圖示談談你對如何保持飲食健康的看法。 提示：1.要求條理清楚，行文連貫，段落分明，可適當發(fā)揮； 2.不少于80詞，文章開頭已給出，不計入總詞數。 How to keep a healthy diet Eating habits are greatly related to our health.__________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【審題指導】細讀所給的文字提示，可以提取以下信息： 1．寫作時以第一人稱為主； 2．介紹自己的飲食習慣用一般現在時； 3．圖表中的全部信息要一一列舉，不要遺漏； 4．詞數不少于80，開頭已經給出，不計入總詞數。不能出現真實的人名和地名。 【寫作模板】 【高分范文】 How to keep a healthy diet Eating habits are greatly related to our health.A healthy eating habit makes a big difference to build a strong body.But what can we do to keep a healthy diet? On one hand, wed better have meals regularly.Nowadays, a lot of students go to school without eating breakfast in order to sleep just one more minute.This is really harmful to our stomach and health.On the other hand, we should keep a balanced diet.Some like to have junk food; others are particular about food; and still some eat or drink too much.All these bad habits will lead to bad health.What we should do is to have various healthy diets, which generally include proper amounts of fish, meat, vegetables, fruit as well as main food. All in all, its very important to keep healthy eating diet.