【優(yōu)化方案】（陜西專用）2020高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)二十一 Unit1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5

《【優(yōu)化方案】（陜西專用）2020高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)二十一 Unit1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《【優(yōu)化方案】（陜西專用）2020高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)二十一 Unit1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5（9頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、Unit 1　Great scientists Ⅰ.語音知識(shí) 1．furnished A．decided　　　　　　　　　 B．worked C．a(chǎn)ttracted D．cleaned 2．character A．chart B．chocolate C．church D．stomach 3．break A．meal B．great C．dead D．reality 4．cloth A．minority B．spoken C．opinion D．wonder 5．invitation A．guide B．writer C．sli

2、de D．thrill Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．AIDS control and prevention is a________to China as well as the whole world. A．surprise　　　　　　　　　 B．challenge C．reaction D．threat 2．It is reported that the police will soon________the case of the two missing children. A．look upon B．look after C．look into D．look out

3、 3．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine，we must send for an engineer to________the problem. A．handle B．raise C．face D．present 4．It doesn’t make any________for such a little child to read so difficult a book. A．space B．use C．sense D．error 5．During the coming internationa

4、l meeting，the Minister will________her country’s main demands in the economic and commercial fields. A．put up B．put off C．put forward D．put down 6．________food and tents，we Chinese also sent rescue workers to the earthquake-stricken areas in Japan. A．Apart from B．Rather than C．In addition

5、 D．In spite of 7．According to the investigation，the driver of the car was________for the terrible accident. A．blamed B．to blame C．to be blaming D．to be blamed 8．Children________to difficult situations are better at handling those________tasks. A．exposing；challenging B．exposed；challenged

6、 C．exposed；challenging D．exposing；challenged 9．Every year，many leaders in different fields________the meeting held in Boao，Hainan for the development of Asia. A．a(chǎn)ttend B．join C．join in D．a(chǎn)ttend to 10．Li Wei failed the job interview because of his broken English.Only then________how import

7、ant it was to learn English well. A．had he realized B．he realized C．he had realized D．did he realize 11．According to________news report，British scientists have found out________cure for this disease. A．the；the B．a(chǎn)；a C．/；a D．the；/ 12．I suggested to my father that we________to Dalian for

8、 a holiday this summer，but the expression on his face suggested that he________to it. A．go；shouldn’ t agree B．would go；shouldn’t agree C．go；didn’t agree D．would go；didn’t agree 13．—Could you please help me with this problem? —Certainly.First of all，let’s________the problem and see what went wr

9、ong. A．a(chǎn)nalyse B．examine C．inspect D．survey 14．(2020·泰安模擬)Everyone is encouraged to________something to those who suffered a great deal in the earthquake. A．construct B．connect C．contribute D．collect 15．We were all very much attracted by the beautiful scenery________we set foot in the

10、village. A．quickly B．suddenly C．finally D．immediately Ⅲ.閱讀理解 (2020·河南省洛陽市檢測(cè))Picture our solar system.In the center，there’s our star，the sun.Orbiting the sun are eight planets，including Earth.But what about planets outside our solar system? About 15 years ago，scientists developed the tools t

11、o detect these “exoplanets”．Since then，they’ve spotted about 450.Most of the findings include one，two or three enormous gas-filled planets orbiting a star. But on August 24,2020，a group of European scientists announced an unusual discovery.They say they’ve identified a solar system that’s similar t

12、o ours.It consists of as many as seven planets orbiting a sun-like star.The star is over 100 light years away from us. The five planets that the scientists are most certain about are large－up to 25 times the size of Earth.According to Christophe Lovis，one of the scientists behind the finding，these

13、five planets are similar to Neptune (海王星)．“They’re made mainly of rocks and ice，” he said.“They’re probably not suitable for people to live in.” There are also signs of two more planets.One is thought to be similar to Saturn (土星)．The other may be the smallest exoplanet ever spotted.It’s only slight

14、ly larger than Earth.Because it’s so close to its star，the small planet takes just over a day to orbit it. Spotting faraway planets is challenging.The blazing light given off by the star they orbit makes the planets hard to see.That is why we cannot yet be 100% sure about these seven planets.The sc

15、ientists haven’t actually seen them.Instead，they used a powerful telescope to study the star for six years.The star gave the scientists clues about the planets that orbit it. According to Alan Boss，a scientist who wasn’t involved with the study，“this method is best for finding the big guys.” But，he

16、 said，the discovery shows spotting smaller planets is also possible. “The really nice thing about finding systems like this is that it shows there’re many more out there，” says Boss.“Mother Nature really had fun making planets.” 1．In another solar system discovered by the European scientists，_____

17、___. A．the star orbited by seven planets is over 100 light years away from the sun B．a(chǎn)ll the seven planets are much larger than our earth C．none of the seven planets is suitable for people to live in D．five planets are made mainly of rocks and ice 2．According to the passage，what makes it diffic

18、ult to find those exoplanets? A．The tools which are used to detect them. B．The long distance between them and our earth. C．The light given off by the star they orbit. D．The too long time needed to detect them. 3．It is inferred from the passage that Alan Boss________. A．has always been supporti

19、ng the European scientists B．believes using a telescope to study small stars is also possible C．thinks the European scientists’discovery is a little unbelievable D．believes there must be another planet with humans living in it 4．The best title for the passage should be________. A．Research on th

20、e Solar System B．Difficulty in Studying Mother Nature C．Scientists’ Contributions to the Universe D．A Lot like Our Solar System Ⅳ.信息匹配 1. Americans are far more knowledgeable about drinks than they were 20 years ago.Witness the Starbucks revolution and you’ll know where the trend goes.Now，

21、encouraged by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of cancer and heart disease and slow the aging process，tea is enjoying a similar change.Enough fashionable tea houses are springing up to make even longtime coffee drinkers consider switching drinks. 2. Tea is available in more pla

22、ces than ever.The Tea Association of the United States reports that from 1990 to 1999，annual sales of the drink grew to $4.6 billion from $1.8 billion.“Green tea is seen by consumers as a ‘functional food’”— delivering health benefits beyond food itself，says Vierhile. 3. Recently published studi

23、es point out that only teas that come from the leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis have been shown to contain health benefits.Other herbal teas may taste good，yet they do little more than warm up the drinker.But for Camellia sinensis，the evidence is powerful.In a 1998 study，Harvard University rese

24、archers found that drinking one cup of black tea a day lowered the risk of heart attack by as much as 44 percent compared with nontea drinkers，and other studies have suggested that the antioxidants(抗氧化劑) in these socalled real teas can also prevent cancer. 4. One such antioxidant in green tea

25、is ECGC，a compound 20 times as powerful as vitamin E and 200 times as powerful as vitamin C．“When people ask me for something good and cheap they can do to reduce their cancer risk，I tell them to drink real tea，” says Mitchell Gaynor，director of medical oncology at New York City’s Strang－Cornell Can

26、cer Prevention Center. 5. Among those inspired to become a greentea drinker is Tess Ghilaga，a New York writer who took it up after seeking advice from a nutritionist six years ago.“I’ve never been a coffee drinker，” says Ghilaga,33.“She told me to start drinking green tea for the antioxidant qu

27、alities.” Now Ghilaga and her husband habitually make tea— they order theirs from In Pursuitof T，an Internet tea company.And although tea contains about half the amount of caffeine in a cup of coffee，“you still get such a kick from it，” says Ghilaga. 必修五 Unit 1　Great scientists Ⅰ.語音知識(shí) 1～5.BDBAD

28、 Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．【解析】選B。句意為：控制和預(yù)防艾滋病對(duì)中國乃至全世界都是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。 2．【解析】選C。句意為：據(jù)報(bào)道，警方很快將調(diào)查兩名失蹤小孩的案件。look upon看作，看待；look after照顧；look out警惕，小心。 3．【解析】選A。句意為：由于這里沒有人知道機(jī)器出了什么毛病，我們必須找位工程師來處理此問題。 4．【解析】選C?？疾楣潭ň涫?。It makes sense for sb.to do sth.對(duì)某人來說做某事是明智的。句意為：對(duì)這樣小的孩子來說閱讀這么難的書沒有什么意義。 5．【解析】選C。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。put up舉起，張貼；put o

29、ff推遲；put forward提出；put down記下。句意為：在即將到來的國際會(huì)議上，這個(gè)部長將提出她的國家在經(jīng)濟(jì)和商業(yè)領(lǐng)域方面的主要要求。根據(jù)句意選C。 6．【解析】選A?？疾榻樵~短語。句意為：除了食物和帳篷，中國還派出救援隊(duì)到日本地震受災(zāi)區(qū)。apart from“除了”，符合句意。 7．【解析】選B。be to blame for...對(duì)……負(fù)有責(zé)任，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)的意義。 8．【解析】選C。句意為：接觸不同困難處境的孩子更善于處理具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)。exposed to...為過去分詞作定語；challenging“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的”。 9．【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可

30、知，此處表示“參加會(huì)議”的意思，故選A項(xiàng)。attend常用來指“上課(學(xué))，出席會(huì)議，參加婚禮、葬禮等儀式”。join指“加入某個(gè)組織成為其中的一員”；join in參加比賽活動(dòng)；attend to...專心于……，照顧……。 10．【解析】選D。考查倒裝句。only＋狀語放在句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝的形式。根據(jù)then可知時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)。 11．【解析】選B?？疾楣谠~，第一個(gè)空是泛指“一個(gè)新聞報(bào)道”；第二個(gè)空表示“對(duì)這種疾病的治療方法”，也是泛指。 12．【解析】選C?？疾閟uggest的用法。由句意可知，第一個(gè)suggest表示“建議，提議”，此時(shí)that從句的謂語為“

31、should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略；第二個(gè)suggest為“暗示，間接表明”之意，此時(shí)that從句要用陳述語氣。 13．【解析】選A。analyse分析；examine檢查；inspect檢查；survey調(diào)查。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選A。 14．【解析】選C。句意為：每個(gè)人都被鼓勵(lì)為遭遇地震災(zāi)難的那些人捐獻(xiàn)點(diǎn)什么。contribute“捐獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng)”，符合題意。 15．【解析】選D?？疾閕mmediately的用法。immediately除作副詞“馬上，立即”講外，還可作連詞，意為“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于as soon as，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。句意為：我們一踏進(jìn)這個(gè)村莊，就都被它美麗的景

32、色所吸引了。 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 【解題導(dǎo)語】　歐洲科學(xué)家利用望遠(yuǎn)鏡進(jìn)行探測(cè)、觀察，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)與太陽系相似的星系。 1．【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段介紹了科學(xué)家們比較確定的五顆行星的情況，根據(jù)該段的“They’re made mainly of rocks and ice”可以判斷選D。 2．【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Spotting faraway planets is challenging.The blazing light given off by the star they orbit makes the planets hard to see.That is wh

33、y we cannot yet be 100% sure about these seven planets.”可判斷選C。 3．【解析】選B。推理判斷題。從文中倒數(shù)第三段最后可知，它們所圍繞的行星發(fā)出的光芒使它們難以被看到，而歐洲科學(xué)家花費(fèi)了六年時(shí)間，用一種功能強(qiáng)大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀測(cè)這顆被環(huán)繞的行星，進(jìn)而通過這顆行星得到其他圍繞它的行星的線索，再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Boss的話可知Boss認(rèn)為這種方法是最好的，同時(shí)他認(rèn)為用望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀察小行星也是有可能的，故選B項(xiàng)。 4．【解析】選D。主旨大意題。文章首先介紹歐洲科學(xué)家的發(fā)現(xiàn)——一個(gè)與太陽系相似的星系，結(jié)尾借Alan Boss之口道出了“像這樣的太陽系之外的類似星系還有很多”，由此判斷選D。 Ⅳ.信息匹配 1～5.CAEDF