2020高中英語(yǔ)高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案——專(zhuān)題四 介詞和連詞

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1、2020高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)案 專(zhuān)題四 介詞和連詞 【典例精析】1.（2020安徽，23）Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _______ a chair. A. on????????? B. off???????? C. into????????????? D. to 【解析】C 考查介詞的用法。句意為：Fred沒(méi)有敲門(mén)就闖進(jìn)來(lái)了，然后氣喘吁吁地坐到椅子上。Sink into (a chair) 表示“沉下、沉落、陷入”。 2.（2020北京，33）If you real

2、ly have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door. A. for B. by C. across D. out 【解析】B考查介詞。for為了；by借助，通過(guò)；across通過(guò)（平面）；out出去。根據(jù)句意：如果你必須在會(huì)議期間離開(kāi)，你最好從后門(mén)出去。 3.（2020福建，23）A great man shows his greatness ________ the way he treats little men. A. und

3、er B. with C. on D. by 【解析】D考查介詞的用法。by (表示方式)通過(guò); 憑借。句意為：一位偉人通過(guò)他對(duì)待普通人的方式來(lái)展示出他的偉大。 4.（2020湖北，30）30. When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have_________for her, but now all her worries are gone. （2020·湖北） A. in need B. in time C.

4、 in preparation D. in store 【解析】D考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in need需要；in time及時(shí)；in preparation在準(zhǔn)備中；in store將要發(fā)生，就要出現(xiàn)，儲(chǔ)備著。從句中的the future可知，應(yīng)選擇D。 5.（2020湖南，27） ---When did you last hear _____ Jay? ---He phoned me this morning, and we agreed____ a time and place to meet. A of, to B about, with C. from,

5、with D. from, on 【解析】D考查介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配。第一個(gè)空是考查hear from“接到某人的來(lái)信”，第二個(gè)空考查agree on“在某方面達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)”。 6.（2020遼寧，33）I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and___the point. A. at B. on C. to D. of 【解析】C本題考查介詞與名語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。to the point意思為“切中要點(diǎn)”。 7.（2020寧廈，24）Let’s learn to use the problem we are

6、facing a stepping-stone to future success. A. to B. for C. as D. by 【解析】C本題句意為：讓我們學(xué)習(xí)使用我們正面臨的問(wèn)題作為未來(lái)成功的奠基石。as “作為”，短語(yǔ)use...as...把……當(dāng)作。 8.（2020全國(guó)2，15）Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ____ working here. A. with B. over C. at D.

7、about 【解析】D介詞辨析。從題意來(lái)看，就選擇“關(guān)于”，而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有about有此義。 9.（2020陜西，19）Elizabeth has already achieved success ___ her wildest dreams. A. at B. beyond C. within D. upon 【解析】B考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)achieved success和wildest可以推斷出此處所填介詞意思是：超出，為……所不及，選B；at表示“點(diǎn)”；within表示“在……里”；D項(xiàng)等于on，意思是：依靠，憑借。 10.（202

8、0上海，25）The two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by shaking hands. A. with B. on C. in D. to 【解析】B本題考查介詞與動(dòng)詞的固定搭配。congratulate sb. on sth. 因?yàn)?..而恭喜某人。 11.（2020天津,10） Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students ______ financial aid. A. in fav

9、our of B. in honour of C. in face of D. in need of 【解析】D介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。in favour of支持；in honour of為慶祝，紀(jì)念；in face of面對(duì)；in need of需要。根據(jù)句意：許多中國(guó)的大學(xué)為需要財(cái)政援助的學(xué)生提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。 12.（2020天津，15）At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______. A. out f sight B. out f re

10、ach C. out of order D. out of place 【解析】A 本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。out of sight看不見(jiàn)，在視野之外；out of reach夠不著，達(dá)不到；out of order運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不正常，出毛病; out of place不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢? 不恰當(dāng)。從句意可以看出，應(yīng)選A。 13.（09湖南）7. ______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. A.

11、 Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as 【解析】A 考查從屬連詞的用法。根據(jù)句意，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選A。 14.（09四川）16. Owen wouldn’t eat anything ____________ he cooked it himself A. until B. since C. unless D. while 【解析】C考查連詞的區(qū)別。該句的意思是：歐文不吃任何東西，除非這種東西是他自己 15.（09浙江）19．The medi

12、cine works more effectively ______ you drink some hot water after taking it. A. as B. until C. although D. if 【解析】D 考查連詞用法。句意：服藥后喝點(diǎn)熱水，效果會(huì)跟好；由此可知此處有“如果；假如”的意思，故選D引導(dǎo)表示條件的狀語(yǔ)從句。 【專(zhuān)題突破】介詞和連詞做題技巧點(diǎn)撥：牢記介詞基本用法，把握易混介詞辨析，掌握使用介詞的固定搭配即可；對(duì)于連詞的突破方法應(yīng)該分析句式，理解句意，按照語(yǔ)境、句意辨析連詞，每個(gè)連詞在句中均含有意義，故有某個(gè)連詞的意思，即選用該

13、連詞即可。 1. Everyone in this country enjoys the same right ______ religion, race or sex. A．regardless of B．in view of C．in spite of D．in case of 2. Bill always seems so confident, but ________ he’s extremely shy. A．in vain B．in contrast C．in reality D．in surprise 3. _____ the

14、 fact that he is a star on stage now, this young man is still shy and talks little. A．By means of B．In spite of C．In face of D．Apart from 4. The Plains Indians believe in the Great Spirit who has power _____all things including animals, trees, stones and clouds. A．of B．a(chǎn)t

15、 C．over D．in 5. The winter of 2020 was extremely bad._____ most of people say it was the worst winter of their lives. A．In general B．In a word C．In all D．In fact 6.—The authors of computer viruses are geniuses. —I agree. If they applied their wisdom to other

16、net technology ____human beings can benefit, it would be better. A．in which B．through which C．from which D．during which 7. It’s quite_____me why such things have been allowed to happen. A．for B．behind C．a(chǎn)gainst D．beyond 8. ________ the numbers in employmen

17、t，the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year. A．In spite of B．In case of C．In terms of D．In praise of 9. Too bad—— I missed the early train _____ only a few minutes! A．by B．in C．a(chǎn)t D．a(chǎn)fter 10. Can’t you notice t

18、hat there is little time left? Please tell me the whole thing . A．in case B．in brief C．in total D．in detail 10. Pleasant music is often played ____classes to make students refreshed and relaxed for a while. A．between B．a(chǎn)mong C．over D．a(chǎn)fter 11. ---

19、Would you please tell me what time it is? --- It’s five minutes to nine_______my watch. A．on B．by C．a(chǎn)t D．in 12. _________ the fact that he was not a trained economist, his achievements were remarkable. A．In spite of??? B．In case of??? C．In view D．In

20、favor of 13. I’m sorry, _____ I won’t be able to come tonight. A. for. B. and C. but. D. then 14. The point is not who said the words, _____ they are true or not. A. but whether?????B. and whether C. but how????D. and how 15. Just because they make more mone

21、y than I do, _____ they seem to look down on me. A. so????????????????B. and C. but????????D. 不填 16.. Although he had only entered the contest for fun, _____ he won first prize. A. but???????????????B. andw C. even????????D. 不填 17. When the last prize had been awarded

22、_____ everybody cleared off. A. and?????????????? B. so C. or??????????D. 不填 參考答案及解析 1.【解析】A 考查介詞短語(yǔ)的用法。regardless of不管，不顧；in view of由于，鑒于；in spite of雖然，盡管；in case of萬(wàn)一，如果，防備。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選擇A。 2.【解析】C考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in vain白費(fèi)地，徒勞；in contrast相比之下； in reality實(shí)際上，現(xiàn)實(shí)上；in surprise驚奇地。題意：比爾好象總是很自信，但是事實(shí)上，他

23、相當(dāng)?shù)睾π?。因此選擇C。 3.【解析】B考查介詞短語(yǔ)。by means of用，依靠； in spite of雖然，盡管； in face of面臨； apart from脫離，除此之外。根據(jù)題意：盡管他現(xiàn)在在舞臺(tái)上是一個(gè)名星的事實(shí)，但是這個(gè)年青人仍然害羞且言談少。因此，選擇B。 4.【解析】C考查介詞的用法。over有“超過(guò)，高于”的意思。 5.【解析】D考查介詞短語(yǔ)。In general一般而言，總的來(lái)說(shuō)；in a word總之；in all總共，總計(jì)；in fact事實(shí)上。根據(jù)句意：2020年的冬天是相當(dāng)冷的。大多數(shù)人都說(shuō)這是他們有生以來(lái)最嚴(yán)寒的冬天。從兩句來(lái)分析，應(yīng)選擇D項(xiàng)。

24、 6.【解析】C考查介詞與關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。benefit from通過(guò)……獲利。因此，選擇C項(xiàng)。 7.【解析】D考查介詞的用法。beyond超出…的范圍; 超過(guò); 對(duì)…來(lái)說(shuō)太難, 非…所能及。for對(duì)于,因?yàn)?，由于；behind在……后面；against與…方向相反, 逆著, 迎著, 頂著。句意：我很難相信為什么那樣的事情被允許發(fā)生。 8．【解析】C 考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in spite of雖然，盡管；in case of萬(wàn)一，如果；in terms of就……而言，從……方面來(lái)說(shuō)；in praise of贊揚(yáng)……。從句意來(lái)看，應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。 9．【解析】A考查介詞的用法。by (表示程

25、度)以…之差,符合題意。句意：太糟了——我僅以幾分鐘之差錯(cuò)過(guò)了了早班火車(chē)。 10.【解析】B考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in case以防，以免； in brief簡(jiǎn)而言之；in total總計(jì)，合計(jì)； in detail詳細(xì)地。句意：難道你沒(méi)有注意到僅有很少的時(shí)間剩下嗎？請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)單地告訴我整件事情。 10．【解析】A考查介詞的用法。在課間，應(yīng)使用介詞between。 11.【解析】B考查介詞的固定搭配。by my watch根據(jù)我的表。 12.【解析】A考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in spite of盡管，雖然；in case of如果，萬(wàn)一；in view被考慮；被期待；in favor of支持。根據(jù)句意：

26、盡管他不是一位受訓(xùn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)師，他的成就是非凡的。 13.【解析】C事實(shí)上，I’m sorry 后習(xí)慣上不接表示原因的連詞 for，而接表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞 but（也可省略 but），用以委婉地提出一個(gè)使對(duì)方不快的事實(shí)。本題容易誤選A，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮木渥邮怯靡哉f(shuō)明 I’m sorry 的原因的，所以便想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為要選for來(lái)表示原因。 14.【解析】A ??此題涉及兩個(gè)搭配：一是 not … but …（不是……而是……），二是 whether … or not （是否）。幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。 15.【解析】D 但是按英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，because 為從屬連詞，用以引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，它表明整個(gè)句子為

27、復(fù)合句；而 so 在表示“所以”時(shí)，它是并列連詞，用以連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句使之成為并列句。由于在同一句中既用了從屬連詞 because，又用了并列連詞 so，使得該句一半像復(fù)合句，一半像并列句，從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。正確的做法是，任意去掉 because 和 so 中的一個(gè)，使之要么成為復(fù)合句，要么成為并列句。 但容易誤選A，將漢語(yǔ)的“因?yàn)椤浴敝弊g為 because … so …。 16.【解析】D容易誤選A，將漢語(yǔ)的“雖然……但是……”直譯為 although … but …。 17..【解析】D句首 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，它暗示整個(gè)句子為復(fù)合句；而so, and, or 為并

28、列連詞，無(wú)論選哪一個(gè)，都表明整個(gè)句子為并列句，從而導(dǎo)致前后矛盾，所以A、B、C均不能選擇。故答案選D，everybody cleared off 為整個(gè)復(fù)合句的主句。防止誤選A. 【學(xué)法導(dǎo)航】介詞是英語(yǔ)中最活躍的詞類(lèi)之一，在高考英語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)的頻率較高。從近幾年的高考試題來(lái)分析，在介詞的復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)程中，要把握重點(diǎn)，弄清疑點(diǎn)、混點(diǎn)即可。突破的重點(diǎn)要放在以下幾個(gè)方面： 1．常見(jiàn)介詞的用法，以及常見(jiàn)介詞的辨析。 2．介詞與動(dòng)詞、形容詞所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)要熟記。 3．介詞加關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，介詞的選用要重點(diǎn)注意。 同學(xué)們做題時(shí)要注意以下幾個(gè)地方： 1.表示時(shí)間時(shí)不用介詞的情況： （1）表示時(shí)間

29、的詞前有one/any/each/every/some/all/this/that等時(shí)。 （2）表示時(shí)間的詞前有tomorrow/yesterday/the day before/the day after等時(shí)。 （3）當(dāng)以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，談?wù)搇ast和next時(shí)，last和next前不用介詞。 2、幾組常用介詞的用法區(qū)別： （1）in與at一般小地方用at,大地方用in。 （2）in 與on表一般時(shí)間用in,表具體時(shí)間用on。 （3）besides與except besides表示“除……外（還有）”；except表示“（只有）除外”；except for“除了……”，表示部分地修

30、正主體，引導(dǎo)短語(yǔ)；except that引導(dǎo)從句。 （4）in,to與on 表示在某范圍之內(nèi)用in;表示在某范圍之外用to;表示“相鄰，接壤”時(shí)用on. 使用連詞要注意它的特點(diǎn)：就是在句子中有自己的意義，把握意思，吻合語(yǔ)境即可。在做題時(shí)再注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 1、though/although不能與but同時(shí)連用，但可以與yet連用。 2、because 與so不能同時(shí)連用。the reason why…is后通常用that而不用because. 3、注意并列連詞連接的必須是平行的詞、詞組、短語(yǔ)或分句。 4、注意某些動(dòng)詞后的連詞。 （1）discuss后一般不跟連詞if所引導(dǎo)的從句。

31、 （2）doubt后連詞的用法 ：一般在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，doubt后習(xí)慣跟that引導(dǎo)的從句；在肯定句中，doubt后面習(xí)慣跟whether或if引導(dǎo)的從句。如： 5、whether與if的區(qū)別： 【專(zhuān)題綜合】 1.The visit of the police was not connected ____ the lost child. A. by B. with C. to D. in 2．Though _____ my opinion, my mother didn’t say anything to show tha

32、t she agreed with me. A. against B. on C. for D. in 3．Scientists have shown that there is a connection ____ cigarette smoking and certain diseases. A. with B. between C. to D. for 4．As a lover of popular music, she enjoys listening to it _____ MP

33、3. A. in B. on C. with D. by 5．The kind-hearted couple decided to adopt the boy ____ parents had been killed in an accident. A. of whom B. with whom C. on whom D. in whose 6．These two houses are similar _____ they both have a large garden with man

34、y kinds of flowers. A. to that B. in which C. in that D. to which 7．The manager is talking with his secretary _____ the telephone. They usually keep in touch _____ telephone. A. by ;on B. through; by C. on; on D. by ;with 8．He got to the bus station early,

35、_____ missing the first bus . A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of 9. He got to the station early,____________ missing his train. A. in case of? ?B. instead of????? ? C. for fear of??? D. in search of 10. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine mont

36、hs, _____ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which?? ?B. during which?? ? C. from which?? ? D. for which 11.Mr. Anderson starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon_____a break at midday. A.with B.for C.as

37、 D.through 12.______the morning of that Saturday,My mother together with me visited my father in prison. A.In B.On C.At D.To 13.The study you have been making______the ancient Characters is an instructive job. A. to B. of C.

38、 for D. from 14.—What’s your favorite sport? —Jogging. I always run_______the river every morning . A. around B. on C. along D. in 15.We need fifty more people______our team to do the job. A. but B. as well C. except

39、 D. besides 16. The question of _____she’ll come back home will be setted. A.if B.whether C.when D.what 17.Between 1975 and 1977,the number of overseas visitors increased_____27%. A. by B. for C.to D.in 18.Child___

40、___she was ,she could do housework for her mother. A.though B.althogh C.for D.because 19.Does John know any other foreign languages_____French? A.except B.but C.besides D.beside 20._____does he have to type out the answer on a

41、 computer,_____he gets the computer to translate it into sounds. A. Not only;but also B.Either;or C.Both ;and D.as well as;but 21.When we design a building,we should provide an entrance suitable for wheelchair on the passage,_____lifts,suitable bat

42、hrooms and toilets. A. except B.as well C.as well as D.but 22.Were stories passed on from one person to another? Many of the country people could_____read_____write. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not

43、 only; but also 23.—Would you like to come to dinner tonight? —I’d love to,______I’m too busy. A.and B.so C.as D.but 參考答案及解析 1【解析】B考查介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配。be connected with... 與……有關(guān)。 2【解析】C考查介詞的用法。從句意來(lái)看，盡管支持我的建議，我的母親沒(méi)有說(shuō)任何事來(lái)表明她同意我的建議。 3【解析】B考查介詞的用法。根據(jù)題中的ciga

44、rette smoking and certain diseases，可知是兩者，因此應(yīng)選擇B項(xiàng)。 4【解析】B考查介詞的固定搭配。On MP3在MP3上。 5【解析】A考查介詞與關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞the boy與parents之間是從屬關(guān)系，因此選擇A項(xiàng)。 6【解析】C考查介詞與形容詞的搭配。be similar in在某方面相似。that引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。 7【解析】B考查介詞的用法。by當(dāng)“通過(guò)”講時(shí)，其后不加冠詞；through當(dāng)“通過(guò)”講時(shí)，其后加冠詞。 8【解析】C考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in case of以防，萬(wàn)一；instead of代替，相反；for f

45、ear of唯恐；in search of尋找。根據(jù)句意來(lái)看，應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。 9【解析】C考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in case of “以防，以免”；instead of “代替，而不是”；for fear of “害怕，唯恐”； in search of“搜尋”。句意為：他很早就到了火車(chē)站，唯恐錯(cuò)過(guò)他的火車(chē)。 10【解析】本題考查介詞與關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句子分析，定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是nine months,226天的航行時(shí)間是其中的一部分，屬于從屬關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)使用介詞of 11【解析】A 介考查介詞with結(jié)構(gòu)。即with a break at midday是由“with+賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)

46、充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)”，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。 12【解析】B 強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的那個(gè)星期六早上。表示在具體某星期幾及具體某天上午、下午和晚上等都用介詞on。 13【解析】B 考查介詞的準(zhǔn)確含義。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知you have been making____the ancient Chinese characters作定語(yǔ)修飾the study,由此可以推導(dǎo)：主語(yǔ)the study作making的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成make the study of 搭配，相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞study,因此此空應(yīng)選of. 14【解析】C 考查介詞的準(zhǔn)確含義。第二句：我每天早晨沿著河邊慢跑。Jogging意即“慢跑”。介詞along表示“沿著”

47、。其它不合句意。 15【解析】D besides表“除……外，還有”； except表“只有……除外”意同but ;as well也。 16【解析】B 根據(jù)句子意思“她回不回家這一問(wèn)題將會(huì)解決”可排除C、D；又因whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可位于句首，if則不可，故選B。 17【解析】A表示增加或減少常用介詞by;to表示增加或減少到。 18.【解析】A though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句除了用陳述句語(yǔ)序外，也可用倒裝語(yǔ)序。而although不可用于此句型。 19【解析】C ant other已暗示John了解French. 20【解析】、A not only引導(dǎo)的句子放于句首，要部分倒裝，but also部分倒裝。 21【解析】C并列連詞as well as 表示“也、一樣”的意思。 22【解析】D 并列連詞not only …but also表示“不但…而且”。 23【解析】D 第二空表示“我想去，但我很忙”。表示轉(zhuǎn)折含義。