2019秋高中英語 單元質(zhì)量評估（四）（含解析）新人教版必修5

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1、單元質(zhì)量評估(四) 時間：100分鐘　分?jǐn)?shù)：120分 第一部分　閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分) 第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項A、B、C和D中，選出最佳選項。 A Newspapers are not nearly as popular today as they were in the past.There are not very many people who seriously read a newspaper every day.Most people only read the sports pages，the ad

2、vice or the gossip columns，the comics，and perhaps the classified advertisements.Most people don't take time to read real news.Newspapers attempt to catch the reader's interest with pictures and exciting headlines.These techniques are used on the front page because it is the first thing you see when

3、you pick up the paper.The first page attracts attention and encourages the reader to look through the rest of the paper.This is why editors always look for a good first page story and a headline to make them stop and look.If the headline is horrible enough or frightening enough or wild enough，perhap

4、s they will go on to read the front page.However，they may read the headlines，but that is all，then they turn to the sports page，or comics，or advertisements. It seems that people do not want the news from a newspaper any more.They say they get the news on television now.More people watch television n

5、ews because it is easier and more interesting than reading a newspaper.What about you？Do you read news from a newspaper？Do you think it is easier to get news from television？Or do you care about news at all？Would you mind if there were no news? 【語篇解讀】　報紙越來越不能吸引人們的注意力了，本文作者呼吁大家更多地關(guān)注報紙。 1．According

6、to the passage，newspapers are ________． A．more popular today B．less popular today C．a(chǎn)s popular as before D．getting more and more popular 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。關(guān)鍵是理解文章的第一句話，由此可知報紙的地位已不如從前。 答案：B 2．According to the author，which of the following newspapers will most probably attract the reader's attention? A

7、．The ones with interesting pictures and exciting headlines on the front page. B．The ones with sports news on the front page. C．The ones with classified ads on the front page. D．The ones with gossip columns on the front page. 解析：推理判斷題。由第一段第五句可知，新聞往往用一些圖片和令人感興趣的標(biāo)題來吸引讀者注意。 答案：A 3．According to the

8、 passage，most people read all of the following EXCEPT ________． A．the sports page　　 B．comics C．a(chǎn)dvertisements D．real news 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的第三、四句可以找到答案。 答案：D 4．The author's attitude towards newspapers is ________． A．sympathetic B．critical C．negative D．undetermined 解析：作者態(tài)度題。由文章的第一句話可知，作者

9、對報紙今非昔比的狀況有點感慨，作者認(rèn)為報紙應(yīng)該受到人們更多的關(guān)注。 答案：A B Many people write to newspapers and magazines to express their opinions.Letters to the editor must carry the writer's full name，address and telephone number，although the information is not necessary for publication.This requirement to provide personal part

10、iculars is a clear indication that writers are held responsible for what they say.When a writer wants his voice heard，he needs to claim ownership of his voice.Responsibility is the name of the game. “People today prefer living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because t

11、hey refuse to accept the responsibility for the relationship，”said a social worker，“and this is what is causing a lot of family problems.”When we sign a paper，for example，a business contract or a bank document，the signature is a seal of consent，an agreement to take the matter seriously.Most governme

12、nts and many organizations will not process written complaints if they do not bear the writer's signature.The absence of a signature，they explain，tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply. There are people who wish to remain anonymous (匿名的) for various re

13、asons.Multi-billionaire Mr King donates generously to charity several times a year.He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring，and he does not want his good deeds to make news.In other cases，people insist on anonymity because they are afraid of the cons

14、equences of revealing their identity.Crime witnesses may be willing to assist the police，but most are unwilling to give their names when reporting a crime. Name or no name？The answer is very personal and lies in how much we want to get involved.We all have a name.It is a matter of responsibility to

15、 use it when we make a statement，a claim or an accusation.We all want to honour our own name，and it is only by stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honour what we say. 【語篇解讀】　在報刊上發(fā)表文章要寫上自己的名字，這個名字不簡單，它有很多意義，首先你要對你說的話負(fù)責(zé)，其次你對發(fā)表的內(nèi)容有所有權(quán)。但名字在各種場合的簽與不簽意義不同。 5．What does the wri

16、ter mean by saying “Responsibility is the name of the game”？ A．Writers need to provide their personal information in the game. B．Publication must bear the writer's full name，address and phone number. C．Writers should be responsible for their names. D．Names are required to indicate writers' respo

17、nsibility for what they say. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“This requirement to provide personal particulars is a clear indication that writers are held responsible for what they say.”可知，作者對他們說的話要負(fù)責(zé)，即為D項表述的意思。 答案：D 6．Some people don't want their names known because they are ________． A．hesitant to make a donat

18、ion B．unwilling to draw public attention C．a(chǎn)fraid of an accusation D．ready for involvement 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring，and he does not want his good deeds to make news.”可知，有些人匿名把錢捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，是不想引起公眾的關(guān)注，這和B項的表述一致。 答案：B 7．

19、The passage is mainly about ________． A．honour and writers B．identity and signature C．signature and responsibility D．a(chǎn)nonymity and signature 解析：主旨大意題。整篇文章圍繞名字和責(zé)任展開，投稿需要署名，簽文件和合同需要簽名，名字就意味著責(zé)任。 答案：C C Bad news sells.If it bleeds，it leads.No news is good news，and good news is no news.Those ar

20、e the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored (監(jiān)控) in different ways，researchers are discovering new rules.By tracking people's e-mails and online posts，scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther t

21、han disasters and sob stories. “The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media，”says Jonah Berger，a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania.“They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling.But when you share a story with your friends，you care a lot more how they react.You don't want them

22、to think of you as a Debbie Downer.” Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication— e-mails，Web posts and reviews，face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative (消極的)，but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news.Was positive news shared more

23、 often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things？To test for that possibility，Dr Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories：thousands of articles on The New York Times' website.He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months.

24、One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles.He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or

25、funny，or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety，but not articles that left them merely sad.They needed to be aroused (激發(fā)) one way or the other，and they preferred good news to bad.The more positive an article，the more likely it was to be shared，as Dr Berger explains in his new book，Con

26、tagious：Why Things Catch On. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。在晚間廣播或者早報上，不好的新聞有賣點，流血的新聞?wù)碱^條。但是研究表明，在電子郵件或者網(wǎng)絡(luò)新聞中，人們更喜歡有積極意義或者有趣的新聞。 8．What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to? A．News reports. B．Research papers. C．Private e-mails. D．Daily conversations. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段中的“Those are the classic rul

27、es for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.”可知，這樣的情況出現(xiàn)在新聞報道中。 答案：A 9．What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer? A．They're socially inactive. B．They're good at telling stories. C．They're inconsiderate of others. D．They're careful with their words. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“...But when

28、you share a story with your friends，you care a lot more how they react.You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer，”可知，與朋友分享故事時你更加注意他們的反應(yīng)，不想讓他們覺得你是黛比·唐納那樣的人。因此黛比·唐納是不考慮他人感受的人。 答案：C 10．Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr Berger's research? A．Sports news. B．Science art

29、icles. C．Personal accounts. D．Financial reviews. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的．..was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles.可知，科學(xué)類文章是讀者轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)推薦最多的。 答案：B 11．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B．Online News

30、 Attracts More People C．Reading Habits Change with the Times D．Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks 解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。全文講述了好消息在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體中傳播得更快更深遠(yuǎn)的現(xiàn)實，這打破了傳統(tǒng)媒體中壞消息傳播得又快又廣的慣例，正面的新聞更容易被分享。 答案：D D Vanessa Berlowitz，who studied science at Oxford University，now works as a producer for the BBC.She has worked on

31、 many nature documentaries，including the 2006 BBC programme Planet Earth.For this series，she travelled around the world to film the world's greatest mountains. The job of a series producer is very complex (復(fù)雜的)．For Frozen Planet，a seven-part series that explores what life is like on the North and S

32、outh Poles，Berlowitz had to decide when and where to film.She also had to decide how to tell the story.Every day，she helped set up the cameras，which can take hours.With the crew (工作人員)，she often spent hours quietly looking or waiting for animals.She talked about the day the crew finally found a pola

33、r bear and her cubs (幼崽)． “A mother polar bear was having a hard time finding food for her cubs.But the little cubs were playing，which made her hunt difficult.I was crying with laughter when she put one of the little cubs in a hole so she could hunt.I thought，this is what mothers do！” Berlowitz is

34、 one of very few series women producers.She hopes more women will become producers in the future.She said：“As producers，you do not have to be very physically strong，but you have to be happy to go to extreme areas.” Berlowitz enjoys seeing new parts of the world and filming things many people have n

35、ever seen before.But the best part of her work is hearing from the people who watch her documentaries. “I got a wonderful e-mail from an eleven-year-old girl from Iran.She was so excited that women do jobs like mine.She wants to try and follow my example.She wrote me a beautiful poem，which was abou

36、t the polar bear film.It made me cry with joy，”she said. 【語篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。文章主要介紹了女性電視制片人貝洛維茨。 12．What can we learn about Berlowitz's work? A．It takes time and patience. B．It always puts her in danger. C．It needs to be done independently. D．It has nothing to do with her major. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知

37、，貝洛維茨是自然紀(jì)錄片的制片人，再根據(jù)第二段中的“she helped set up the cameras，which can take hours和she often spent hours quietly looking or waiting for animals”可知，貝洛維茨的工作需要大量的時間和足夠的耐心。 答案：A 13．What feeling did Berlowitz express from her observation of bears? A．Pity. B．Worry. C．Fun. D．Pride. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“I was

38、 crying with laughter”可知，貝洛維茨覺得熊媽媽和幼崽的行為很好笑，眼淚都笑出來了。 答案：C 14．What did Berlowitz say to possible producers? A．Grow a strong body. B．Be pleased to go to terrible places. C．Be prepared to travel around the world. D．Learn to deal with extreme weather conditions. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“you have to be ha

39、ppy to go to extreme areas”可知，在貝洛維茨看來，想成為一名制片人，需要樂意去世界上一些極端的地區(qū)。 答案：B 15．Why did Berlowitz talk about the Iranian girl? A．To describe her hope for the little girl. B．To prove Frozen Planet's huge influence. C．To explain she set a good example for girls worldwide. D．To show her audience's positi

40、ve response means a lot to her. 解析：推理判斷題。最后一段提到來自伊朗的女孩給貝洛維茨寫的電子郵件是為了說明上一段中的“But the best part of her work is hearing from the people who watch her documentaries?！庇纱丝芍?，貝洛維茨認(rèn)為觀眾的肯定和認(rèn)可對她來說意義非凡。 答案：D 第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Mustangs The image of horses runni

41、ng free across the plains is a popular symbol of the American West.However，mustangs are not native to the United States.They are descendants (后代) of Spanish horses.____16____ Before the Spanish arrived，horses had been extinct in the New World for about 12，000 years. 17____The word comes from the Sp

42、anish word mesteo，meaning “wild”．Mustangs are medium-sized horses.They measure around 56 inches to 60 inches (140 to 150 centimetres)．They weigh around 800 pounds (360 kg)． These horses escaped from the Spanish soldiers.And they were also used by native people to fight against the Spanish army.____

43、18____Most of the mustangs that run free across the plains today are of mixed ancestry. By the end of the 19th century，about two million mustangs ran across the countryside.Farmers began to complain.____19____The mustang population decreased as farmers drove the horses away from the plains.Then，pri

44、vate conservation efforts to protect the mustangs began as early as 1925. By 1970，fewer than 17，000 mustangs were left.____20____ Now，it is estimated that more than 35，000 mustangs are living in the United States today. A．They prefer to live in Spain. B．The mustangs were destroying their crops.

45、C．Mustangs are welcome to the United States. D．As a result，the United States passed a law that protected the horses. E．The free horses that live in the western United States are called mustangs. F．As time went on，the horses gave birth to baby horses and were joined by other horses. G．When Spanis

46、h armies came to the New World in the 16th century，they brought horses with them. 【語篇解讀】　本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了野馬。 16．解析：根據(jù)空處上句“They are descendants of Spanish horses”和下一句“Before the Spanish arrived，horses had been extinct in the New World”可知，西班牙人將野馬帶到了西半球。 答案：G 17．解析：根據(jù)下一句中的“The word comes from the Spa

47、nish word mesteo”可知，空處在介紹野馬名字的由來。 答案：E 18．解析：根據(jù)下一句中的“Most of the mustangs that run free across the plains today are of mixed ancestry”可知，絕大部分野馬都不是純種的。 答案：F 19．解析：根據(jù)上一句中的“Farmers began to complain”可知，空處介紹了農(nóng)民抱怨的原因是野馬破壞了他們種的莊稼。 答案：B 20．解析：根據(jù)空處下一句中的“Now，it is estimated that more than 35，000 mustan

48、gs are living in the United States today”可知，在政府的保護(hù)下野馬的數(shù)量增加了。 答案：D 第二部分　英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分) 第一節(jié)　完形填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Every day，the news of the world reaches people by over 300 million copies of daily papers，over 400 million radio sets，and over 15

49、0 million television sets.Additional news is ____21____ by motion (動作) pictures in theatres and cinemas all over the world.As more people learn what the important events of the day are，____22____ people still only care for the events of their own household.Nearly four hundred years ago the English w

50、riter John Donne said，“No man is an island.”This ____23____ is more appropriate (恰當(dāng)?shù)? today than it was ____24____ Donne lived.In short，wherever he lives，a man ____25____ to some society，and we are becoming more and more aware (意識到) that ____26____ happens in one particular society affects，somehow，t

51、he life of mankind. Newspapers have been published in the ____27____ world for about four hundred years.Most of the newspapers ____28____ today are read in Europe and North America.However，____29____ they may be read in all parts of the world，____30____ to the new inventions that are changing the t

52、echniques of newspaper ____31____． Electronics and automation (自動化) have made it ____32____ to produce pictures and texts far more quickly than before.Photographic copying doesn't ____33____ to use type and printing machines.And fewer specialists，____34____ typesetters，are needed to produce a paper

53、 or magazine by the ____35____ method.Therefore，the publishing of newspapers and magazines can ____36____ more money.Besides，photocopies can be sent over great ____37____ now by means of television channels and satellites such as Telstar.Thus，____38____ can be brought to the public more quickly than

54、 before. Machines that prepare printed texts for photocopies are being used a great deal today.Film，____39____ light and small，can be sent rapidly to other places and used to print copies of the text ____40____ they are needed.Film pictures can also be projected easily on a movie or television scre

55、en. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要講述了技術(shù)發(fā)展對報紙的影響。 21．A.taken B．shown C．seen D．known 解析：根據(jù)句意“另外的新聞由……展示”可知選B項。show“顯示，展示”。 答案：B 22．A.fewer B．higher C．lower D．less 解析：本句前后部分之間有轉(zhuǎn)折之意，又因為該詞修飾people，再由more people可知應(yīng)選fewer。 答案：A 23．A.study B．a(chǎn)rgument C．knowledge D．idea 解析：study“學(xué)習(xí)，研究”；argument“論點，論據(jù)”；k

56、nowledge“知識”；idea“思想，觀點，想法”。根據(jù)前后句意可知，D項最合適。 答案：D 24．A.that B．while C．when D．then 解析：此句意為“這種觀點在今天比在鄧恩生活的時期更恰當(dāng)”，表示“在……生活的時期”用when，不用while。 答案：C 25．A.moves B．goes C．belongs D．comes 解析：move to“搬到……，移到……”；go to“到……，去……”；belong to“屬于”；come to“共計，達(dá)到”。根據(jù)句意“……一個人屬于某個社會……”可知，應(yīng)選C項。 答案：C 26．A.

57、it B．whatever C．something D．a(chǎn)nything 解析：whatever“無論什么”，作that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中主語從句的主語。賓語從句的謂語動詞是affects，因此happens應(yīng)是主語從句的謂語動詞，而it、something和anything均不能引導(dǎo)從句。 答案：B 27．A.common B．modern C．ordinary D．usual 解析：根據(jù)上下文推知，報紙只發(fā)行了約400年，故應(yīng)屬于現(xiàn)代(modern)社會。故選B項。 答案：B 28．A.bought B．printed C．found D．disco

58、vered 解析：buy“買”；print“印刷，印制”；find“找到”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)句意知應(yīng)用過去分詞printed作定語。 答案：B 29．A.fast B．suddenly C．immediately D．soon 解析：fast“快速地”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作本身的速度；suddenly“突然地”；immediately“立即”；soon“很快”。結(jié)合句意可知，此處指時間“很快”，選D。 答案：D 30．A.has B．brings C．thanks D．imagines 解析：thanks to“多虧，由于”。其他三個選項均為動詞，不能構(gòu)成狀

59、語，本句中不缺少謂語動詞。 答案：C 31．A.delivering B．making C．selling D．publishing 解析：本段在講報紙的出版、發(fā)行，故選D項。 答案：D 32．A.clear B．possible C．bright D．successful 解析：在“make＋it＋adj.＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，it作形式賓語，不定式是真正的賓語，make it possible to(do)“使(做)……成為可能”。clear“清楚的”，bright“明亮的”，successful“成功的”，均不符合句意。 答案：B 33．A.want

60、 B．need C．like D．hope 解析：影印不需要使用打字機(jī)和印刷機(jī)，故選need。 答案：B 34．A.including B．besides C．such as D．except 解析：此處用來舉例，故選such as(例如)。 答案：C 35．A.advanced B．easy C．unusual D．suitable 解析：advanced“先進(jìn)的”；easy“容易的”；unusual“不尋常的”；suitable“合適的”。由句意可知選A項。 答案：A 36．A.make B．earn C．save D．get 解析：

61、使用了先進(jìn)的技術(shù)來出版報紙和雜志能夠省更多的錢，故選C項。 答案：C 37．A.places B．distances C．cities D．villages 解析：great distances“很遠(yuǎn)的距離”，places、cities和villages均表示地點，不符合句意。 答案：B 38．A.pictures B．books C．letters D．words 解析：從上文推知，通過電視頻道和衛(wèi)星傳播的是畫面、圖片，不是書、信件和話語。 答案：A 39．A.becoming B．feeling C．turning D．being 解析：be

62、come“變得”，feel“覺得”，turn“變得”，均不符合文意，故選D項?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語being light and small作原因狀語。 答案：D 40．A.where B．there C．which D．because of 解析：where在此引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句，there、which和because of不能引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。 答案：A 第二節(jié)(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分) 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Many pieces of beautiful pottery (陶器) were discove

63、red in Luoyang，Henan Province，41.________ there were a few tombs of the Tang Dynasty，when a railway was in the process of being constructed in 1899.The pieces of pottery were either in yellow，green and white colours 42.________ in yellow，green and brown colours. Because they were found from tombs o

64、f the Tang Dynasty，they were called “Tang tri-coloured glazed pottery”． The production of glassy pottery in China 43.________ (date) back to ancient times.Coloured glaze was usually not applied 44.________ the head of a pottery figure.After the base was baked，a few touches of Chinese ink 45._______

65、_(paint) to represent the eyes，eyebrows and beard.The facial expression and inner world of a small statue were portrayed (刻畫) most 46.________ (vivid)． There are a great 47.________(various) of Tang tri-coloured glazed pottery pieces.With unique shapes，they had the rich flavor of life，48.________(c

66、over) almost every field of life related to the dead，from models of architecture to plates，bowls and from small statues of the heavenly kings with 49.________ bad temper to those of beautiful noble ladies.They showed the 50.________(colour) social life and the splendid culture of the Tang Dynasty. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了我國古代的陶器。 41．解析：此處為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)從句。 答案：where 42．解析：either...or...“或者……或者……”，為固定短語。 答案：or 43．解析：短語date back to常用于一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語“The production of glassy pottery in China”