（浙江專版）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 第一部分 基礎考點聚焦 Unit 1 Great scientists知能演練輕松闖關 新人教版必修5

《（浙江專版）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 第一部分 基礎考點聚焦 Unit 1 Great scientists知能演練輕松闖關 新人教版必修5》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《（浙江專版）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 第一部分 基礎考點聚焦 Unit 1 Great scientists知能演練輕松闖關 新人教版必修5（6頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網上搜索。

1、 Unit 1 Great scientists 閱讀理解 A (2017·浙江卷10月)It’s surprising how much simple movements of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful, crossing your arms makes you more determined and lying down can bring more insights(領悟)． So if

2、moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? We’re all well aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive, sporty or professional, depending on the clothes we wear, but can the clothes actually change cognitive(認知的) performance or is it just a

3、 feeling? Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people’s powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail. What they found was that people wearing white coats performed be

4、tter than those who weren’t. Indeed, they made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the Stroop Test(one way of measuring attention). The researchers call the effect “enclothed cognition，” suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in man

5、y different ways. This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the writer who wears a fedora more creative? Is the psychologist wearing little round glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chef’s hat make the resultant food taste better? From now on I will only be

6、editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown(學位服)． 【解題導語】　本文講述了Adam和Galinsky所做的一個關于穿著白大褂人們注意力的實驗。實驗顯示穿白大褂的人表現更為出色，他們的錯誤率是穿普通衣服的人的一半。得出結論：著裝影響人的認知表現。 1．What is the main ide

7、a of the text? A．Body movements change the way people think. B．How people dress has an influence on their feelings. C．What people wear can affect their cognitive performance. D．People doing different jobs should wear different clothes. C　 解析：主旨大意題。根據第二段“but can the clothes actually change cogni

8、tive(認知的) performance or is it just a feeling”及下文所做的實驗可知，本文主要講述著裝對人認知表現的影響。故選C。 2．Adam and Galinsky’s experiment tested the effect of clothes on their wearers’ ________． A．insights 　　　　　　　 B．movements C．attention D．appearance C　 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simpl

9、e wearing a white lab coat on people’s powers of attention.”中的attention及第四段的“Indeed，... on the Stroop Test(one way of measuring attention)”的attention可知，Adam和Galinsky的試驗是測試著裝對人們注意力的影響。insights“洞察力”；movement“移動”；attention“注意力”；appearance“外表”。故選C。 3．How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A．

10、Academic. B．Humorous. C．Formal. D．Hopeful. B　 解析：推理判斷題。作者全文在講述著裝影響人的認知表現這一理論，最后一段作者說自己以后要穿白大褂上班編輯文章，以減少打字錯誤。他希望讀者也能帶上學士帽、穿上學位服閱讀PsyBlog的文章。由此可推斷出作者是用一種幽默的語氣調侃著裝認知理論。academic“學士的”； humorous“幽默的”；formal“正式的”； hopeful “有希望的”。故選B。 B (2018·浙江金、麗、衢十二校高三聯考) My Dear Stuart， We are overjo

11、yed at your generously long letter. We have been rather worried about you since your reticent Xmas card from Spain. We thought that your indignation at Fascist(Natsi) terrors might have made you join the Spanish Republican army on leaving Oxford. In that case, the world would certainly gain a hero,

12、but we might(O horrible thought！) lose a friend. You can imagine our relief to hear from you again. We shall be here for another four or five months yet, and we shall sail home in September. Not that we have homes to return to! Our houses, spared by the shell-fire, have been looted and gutted of al

13、l their valuable contents. Our families have taken refuge in mountains. My wife lost her mother, and I myself have no hope of getting jobs in China. However, one’s lot is with one’s own people; I don’t mind suffering a bit. The revolution of the Fortune’s wheel might bring us up, and, as Goethe(歌德，著

14、名詩人) was fond of saying, abwarten Sie. Yes, Stuart, I have been working entirely on my own. I have tried to read French literature systematically downwards, beginning with Villon, and already got as far as the mid-nineteenth century. I have also read the German romantics. I am reading Taine’s nove

15、l. Besides, I have not neglected my English and Chinese studies. Oh, my baby daughter is fat. She already boasts of six teeth(each tooth meaning a week or so of worries and sleeplessness on her part as well as our own). She is very naughty and self-willed. She will be able to walk a little next mo

16、nth. My wife sends you her best wishes. Write to me at your earliest convenience. Yours ever， Chung-shu Tchi’ien P．S. My wife wants me to tell you that the baby is really “her father’s daughter”. She loves nothing so much as books—to tear and nibble at, certainly not to read. She throws away he

17、r toys to grab at the books we happen to be reading. 【解題導語】　本文是一封書信，這封信是錢鐘書1938年留學巴黎時寫給外國友人司徒亞的，后者是他在牛津大學的同院同學。通過對一些瑣事的描述，體現了對友人的關心和友情。 4．If published, the letter can be found in the column of ________． A．continued stories B．cover story C．book review D．anecdotes and life D　解析：推理判斷題

18、，這是朋友間的一封書信，所以如果要是出版的話應該在軼事和生活欄目出版。故選D。 5．We can infer from the letter that ________． A．the writer’s homeland was suffering from a terrible war B．the writer, as well as Stuart, was fond of Chinese literature C．the writer and his family had never planned to leave for homeland D．Stuart was leav

19、ing for China together with the writer and his family A　解析：推理判斷題，根據文章第二段的“Not that we have homes to return to! Our houses, spared by the shell-fire, have been looted and gutted of all their valuable contents.”我們無家可回，可以推測出作者的家鄉(xiāng)正在經歷著戰(zhàn)爭的洗禮。故選A。 6．The expression “abwarten Sie” in Paragraph 2 is closes

20、t in meaning to ________． A．ignore helplessly B．escape hopelessly C．seek desperately D．wait patiently D　解析：詞義猜測題，根據第二段“The revolution of the Fortune’s wheel might bring us up, and, as Goethe(歌德，著名詩人) was fond of saying, abwarten Sie.”可知這是著名詩人歌德常說的等待吧，故選D。 7．The tone of the writer’s

21、 writing about his daughter is ________． A．casual B．cautious C．humorous D．determined C　解析：推理判斷題，文章最后作者對女兒的描述幽默詼諧，故選C。 完形填空 One day, while we were visiting my parents on a farm in late summer, Dad mentioned he’d always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.Mom agreed that

22、the trees were __1__． Like many other parents, mine were hard to __2__ for, so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something they’d __3__．I also thought two would be even better.I checked the __4__ at work and decided it was a bit more than I could __5__—but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹)

23、agreed to give some money to buy the trees. In northern Ohio，you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to __6__ Mom and Dad with a special Christmas in October before the ground __7__．We asked my aunt if she’d help us with the “__8__”， and she called my parents __9__ to say she was co

24、ming for a Sunday visit.Then my sisters and sisters-in-law went into __10__，planning a big holiday turkey dinner. On the __11__ Sunday, we all met at my house and __12__ the trees into a truck.I __13__ as Santa Claus.When we arrived at my parents’ house，Dad was __14__ something was wrong first.He a

25、nd Mom were amazed when we told them __15__ we were there. When Christmas __16__，of course, we couldn’t go to our parents’ house empty-handed, so Mom and Dad got __17__ presents that year.Almost half a century later, I __18__ drive by the old farm and smile when I see those big, handsome __19__ and

26、 remember giving a special __20__ to special people at Christmas in October. 【解題導語】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己和親人們一起用特別的方式給其父母帶來驚喜的經歷。 1．A.distinctive　　　　　　　 B．fragrant C．expensive D．pretty D　解析：上文提及父親想要在庭院種植一棵楓樹，下文提及“those big, handsome”，故此處應是母親也欣然同意，認為楓樹很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive “與眾不同的”；fragrant “芳香的”；e

27、xpensive“貴的”。 2．A.shop B．represent C．answer D．care A　解析：根據上文的“Like many other parents，mine were hard to”，下文的“so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something”以及接下來介紹的作者兄弟姐妹幾人為父母買禮物的內容可知，此處指作者覺得給父母買東西是很難的，故選shop “購物”。 3．A.deserve B．appreciate C．advertise D．imagine B　解析：根據

28、上文的“Dad mentioned he’d always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard...”及下文介紹的為父母買禮物的內容可知，此處指作者認為這是一個給父母買他們欣賞的東西的好機會。deserve “值得，應得”；appreciate “感激，欣賞”；advertise “為……做廣告”；imagine“想象”。 4．A.result B．number C．price D．express C　解析：根據下文的“but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some mone

29、y to buy the trees”可知，作者在上班時查看了一下楓樹的價格(price)，認為它的價格比自己能支付得起(afford)的還要高一點。 5．A.afford B．expect C．fancy D．handle A　解析：參見上題解析。 6．A.frighten B．assist C．surprise D．reward C　解析：從下文作者聯合其姑姑來幫忙實施這個計劃以及計劃具體實施的內容可知，作者他們想給父母一個驚喜(surprise)。 7．A.warmed B．froze C．softened D．darkened B　解析：根據上

30、下文語境及句中的“In northern Ohio, you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas”及“a special Christmas in October before the ground”可知，作者他們決定在土地上凍之前讓父母度過一個特別的圣誕節(jié)。freeze “結冰”符合語境。 8．A.trick B．purchase C．choice D．decoration A　解析：根據上下文語境可知，作者詢問姑姑是否可以幫忙實施這個“騙局(trick)”。 9．A.in advance B．in time C．by accide

31、nt D．on purpose A　解析：根據上下文語境可知，作者的姑姑提前(in advance)給作者的父母打電話說她會在周日來拜訪。in time “及時”；by accident “意外地”； on purpose“故意地”。 10．A.service B．action C．effect D．production B　解析：根據下文的“planning a big holiday turkey dinner” 可知，隨后，作者的姐妹和嫂子(或弟媳)行動起來。go into action “行動起來”符合語境。go into service “投入使用”；go int

32、o effect “生效”；go into production “投入生產”。 11．A.regular B．separate C．given D．chosen D　解析：根據語境可知，作者和親人們在選定的(chosen)那個周日聚到自己家里。 12．A.sorted B．loaded C．transported D．transplanted B　解析：根據下文的“the trees into a truck”可知，作者他們把樹裝上(loaded)卡車。sort“整理”； transport “運輸，運送”；transplant “移植”。 13．A.dress

33、ed up B．passed off C．looked on D．started out A　解析：根據下文的“as Santa Claus” 可知，作者把自己裝扮(dressed up)成圣誕老人。pass sb./sth.off as...“把……冒充為……”；look on sb./sth.as... “把……當作……”；start out as...“以……開始，起初是……”。 14．A.delighted B．annoyed C．disappointed D．convinced D　解析：根據上下文語境及句中的“something was wrong fir

34、st” 可知，作者的父親一開始堅信哪里出了問題。convinced “確信，堅信”符合語境。 15．A.when B．how C．why D．whether C　解析：根據語境可知，當我們告訴他們我們?yōu)槭裁?why)會在那里的時候，父母感到很吃驚。 16．A.came around B．dropped out C．turned up D．drew in A　解析：根據下文的內容可知，當又到圣誕節(jié)時，作者他們去探望父母。come around “再次出現，再度發(fā)生”； drop out “退出”；turn up “出現”；draw in “(白天變得)漸短”。 17

35、．A.generous B．additional C．double D．special C　解析：根據上文的“In northern Ohio, you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to...with a special Christmas in October” 可知，作者他們在十月份的時候已經為父母送上了一份特別的圣誕節(jié)禮物，而在真正的圣誕節(jié)到來的時候，他們又不能空手去拜訪自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了雙份的(double)圣誕節(jié)禮物。 18．A.even B．just C．once

36、D．still D　解析：根據上下文語境可知，時隔幾乎半個世紀之后，當作者看到那些高大、漂亮的楓樹(trees)時依然(still)會面帶微笑地駛過那個農場。 19．A.farms B．trees C．trucks D．yards B　解析：參見上題解析。 20．A.congratulation B．gift C．donation D．greeting B　解析：作者看著那些楓樹時，會想起自己多年前在圣誕節(jié)送給父母特別的禮物(gift)。上文中的“presents that year”亦是關鍵提示。congratulation“祝賀”； donation “捐贈物”；greeting “問候”。 6