轎車(chē)后輪鼓式制動(dòng)器的設(shè)計(jì)（含CAD圖紙和說(shuō)明書(shū)）
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譯文題目： 內(nèi)燃機(jī)的供油系統(tǒng)
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20xx年 2月 27日
Fuel?Supply?System?For?An?Internal?Combustion?Engine
Abstract
A?pulsation?damper?is?provided?between?and?in?series?with?a?low?pressure?fuel?system?pipe?and?a?high?pressure?pump?of?a?fuel?supply?system.?During?startup?of?an?engine,low?pressure?fuel?supplied?via?the?low?pressure?fuel?system?pipe?is?injected?from?an?intake?passage?fuel?injector.?When?the?fuel?pressure?is?equal?to?or?less?than?a?fuel?pressure?at?which?good?startability?can?be?maintained,the?pulsation?damper?closes?off?communication?between?the?high?pressure?fuel?system?pipe?and?the?low?pressure?fuel?system?pipe?using?the?spring?force?of?a?spring.?
Key?words:?Fuel?supply?system;?An?internal?combustion?engine?A?pulsation?damper;?A?low?pressure?fuel?system?pipe?and?a?high?pressure?pump;?
A?fuel?supply?system?for?an?internal?combustion?engine,comprising:?a?low?pressure?pump?that?is?capable?to?pressurize?fuel;?a?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?that?is?capable?to?supply?fuel?that?was?pressurized?by?the?low?pressure?pump?to?a?low?pressure?fuel?injection?mechanism?which?injects?fuel?into?an?intake?passage;?a?branch?passage?that?branches?off?from?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?and?through?which?the?fuel?that?was?pressurized?by?the?low?pressure?pump?flows;?a?high?pressure?pump?which?is?capable?to?pressurize?the?fuel?supplied?via?the?branch?passage,the?high?pressure?pump?being?driven?by?the?internal?combustion?engine;?a?high?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?that?is?capable?to?supply?fuel?that?was?pressurized?by?the?high?pressure?to?a?high?pressure?fuel?injection?mechanism?which?injects?fuel?into?a?cylinder;?and?a?pulsation?reducing?mechanism?provided?on?an?intake?side?of?the?high?pressure?pump,wherein,when?the?internal?combustion?engine?is?started?by?only?injecting?fuel?from?the?low?pressure?supply?passage?into?the?intake?passage,the?pulsation?reducing?mechanism?closes?off?communication?between?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?and?the?high?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?until?a?pressure?of?fuel?in?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?reaches?a?predetermined?pressure?value?required?for?starting?the?internal?combustion?engine.?
Background?of?the?invention?:?
1.?Field?of?the?Invention??
The?invention?relates?to?a?fuel?supply?system?for?an?internal?combustion?engine?provided?with?a?fuel?injection?mechanism?that?injects?fuel?at?high?pressure?into?a?cylinder?(i.e.;?a?fuel?injector?for?in-cylinder?injection,hereinafter?referred?to?as?“in-cylinder?fuel?injector”)?and?a?fuel?injection?mechanism?that?injects?fuel?into?anintake?passage?or?an?intake?port?(i.e.,a?fuel?injector?for?intake?passage?injection,hereinafter?referred?to?as?“intake?passage?fuel?injector”).?More?particularly,the?invention?relates?to?a?fuel?supply?system?that?can?improve?startability?of?an?internal?combustion?engine.??2.?Description?of?the?Related?Art??
A?gasoline?engine?is?known?which?is?provided?with?a?fast?fuel?injection?valve?for?injecting?fuel?into?a?combustion?chamber?of?the?engine?(i.e.,an?in-cylinder?fuel?injector)?and?a?second?fuel?injection?valve?for?injecting?fuel?into?an?intake?passage?(i.e.,an?intake?passage?fuel?injector),and?divides?the?injected?fuel?between?the?in-cylinder?fuel?injector?and?the?intake?passage?fuel?injector?according?to?the?engine?speed?and?engine?load.?Also,a?direct?injection?gasoline?engine?is?also?known?which?is?provided?with?only?a?fuel?injection?valve?for?injecting?fuel?into?the?combustion?chamber?of?the?engine?(i.e.,an?in-cylinder?fuel?injector).?In?a?high?pressure?fuel?system?that?includes?an?in-cylinder?fuel?injector,fuel?of?which?the?pressure?has?been?increased?by?a?high?pressure?fuel?pump?is?supplied?to?the?in-cylinder?fuel?injector?via?a?delivery?pipe.?The?in-cylinder?fuel?injector?then?injects?the?high?pressure?fuel?into?the?combustion?chamber?of?each?cylinder?of?the?internal?combustion?engine.??
In?addition,a?diesel?engine?is?also?known?which?has?a?common?rail?type?fuel?injection?system.?In?this?common?rail?type?fuel?injection?system,fuel?which?has?been?increased?in?pressure?by?a?high?pressure?fuel?pump?is?stored?in?a?common?rail.?The?high?pressure?fuel?is?then?injected?into?the?combustion?chamber?of?each?cylinder?of?the?diesel?engine?from?the?common?rail?by?opening?and?closing?an?electromagnetic?valve.??
In?order?to?increase?the?pressure?of?(i.e.,pressurize)?the?fuel?in?this?kind?of?internal?combustion?engine,a?high?pressure?fuel?pump?is?provided?which?is?driven?by?a?cam?provided?on?a?driveshaft?that?is?connected?to?a?crankshaft?of?the?internal?combustion?engine.??
Japanese?Patent?Application?Publication?No.?JP-A-2005-139923?describes?a?high?pressure?fuel?supply?system?for?an?internal?combustion?engine?that?can?reduce?vibrational?noise?when?only?a?small?amount?of?fuel?is?required?by?the?internal?combustion?engine,such?as?during?idling,while?being?able?to?deliver?the?necessary?amount?of?fuel?over?the?entire?operating?range?of?the?internal?combustion?engine.?This?high?pressure?fuel?supply?system?for?an?internal?combustion?engine?has?a?two?single?plunger?type?high?pressure?fuel?pumps?each?of?which?have?a?spill?valve?that?spills?fuel?drawn?into?a?pressurizing?chamber?that?is?divided?by?a?cylinder?and?a?plunger?that moves?back?and?forth?in?the?cylinder,from?that?pressurizing?chamber.?When?fuel?is?pressurized?and?delivered?from?the?pressurizing?chamber?to?the?high?pressure?fuel?system,the?amount?of?fuel?delivered?is?adjusted?by?controlling?the?spill?valve?open?and?closed.?One?of?these?high?pressure?fuel?pumps?is?a?first?high?pressure?fuel?pump?in?which?the?lift?amount?of?the?plunger?is?small?and?the?other?high?pressure?fuel?pump?is?a?second?high?pressure?fuel?pump?in?which?the?lift?amount?of?the?plunger?is?large.?In?addition?to?these?two?high?pressure?fuel?pumps,the?high?pressure?fuel?supply?system?for?an?internal?combustion?engine?also?includes?control?means.?The?control?means?controls?the?spill?valve?of?each?high?pressure?fuel?pump?according?to?the?amount?of?fuel?required?by?the?internal?combustion?engine,such?that?fuel?is?pressurized?and?delivered?using?only?the?first?high?pressure?fuel?pump?when?the?amount?of?required?fuel?is?small,and?fuel?is?pressurized?and?delivered?using?at?least?the?second?high?pressure?fuel?pump?when?the?amount?of?required?fuel?is?large.??
According?to?this?high?pressure?fuel?supply?system?for?an?internal?combustion?engine,of?the?two?high?pressure?fuel?pumps,the?first?high?pressure?fuel?pump?has?a?plunger?with?a?small?lift?amount?so?the?rate?of?pressure?increase?is?small?and?a?large?amount?of?water?hammer?is?also?self-suppressed.?That?is,with?the?high?pressure?fuel?supply?system,the?vibrational?noise?produced?when?the?required?fuel?quantity?is?small?can?be?preferably?reduced?by?controlling?the?spill?valve?of?each?of?the?high?pressure?fuel?pumps?so?that?only?the?first?high?pressure?fuel?pump?is?used?when?the?amount?of?fuel?required?for?the?internal?combustion?engine?is?small?such?as?during?idling.?On?the?other?hand,the?second?high?pressure?fuel?pump?has?a?plunger?with?a?large?lift?amount?so?pressurizing?and?delivering?fuel?using?at?least?this?second?high?pressure?fuel?pump?also?makes?it?possible?to?deliver?the?required?fuel?quantity?when?the?amount?of?fuel?required?by?the?internal?combustion?engine?increases?to?the?point?where?it?can?no?longer?be?delivered?by?the?first?high?pressure?fuel?pump?alone.?That?is,providing?two?high?pressure?fuel?pumps?having?plungers?with?different?lift?amounts?in?this?way?enables?the?required?amount?of?fuel?to?be?delivered?throughout?the?entire?operating?range?of?the?internal?combustion?engine,while?reducing?vibrational?noise?when?the?amount?of?required?fuel?is?small.??
In?Japanese?Patent?Application?Publication?No.?JP-A-2005-139923,the?high?pressure?fuel?supply?system?for?a?V-type?8?cylinder?internal?combustion?engine?having?an?in-cylinder?fuel?injector?in?each?cylinder?is?provided?with?a?high?pressure?fuel?pump?for?each?bank.?Tip?ends?that?branch?off?from?a?low?pressure?fuel?passage?whichis?connected?to?the?fuel?tank?are?connected?to?galleries?of?these?high?pressure?fuel?pumps.?For?each?bank,a?pulsation?damper?is?provided?midway?between?the?branch?portion?of?the?low?pressure?fuel?passage?and?the?portion?that?connects?with?the?gallery.?This?pulsation?damper?suppresses?the?pulsation?in?the?fuel?pressure?in?the?low?pressure?fuel?passage?when?the?high?pressure?fuel?pump?is?operating.?At?engine?startup?in?this?kind?of?a?direct?injection?engine?having?only?an?in-cylinder?fuel?injector,fuel?is?unable?to?be?delivered?by?the?high?pressure?fuel?pump?until?the?engine?turns?over.?Therefore,low?pressure?fuel?is?delivered?by?a?feed?pump?to?the?fuel?injection?for?in-cylinder?injection.?Therefore,the?pulsation?damper?is?designed?to?provide?communication?between?the?high?pressure?pipe?system?and?the?low?pressure?pipe?system.?For?example,FIG.?6?is?a?sectional?view?of?such?a?pulsation?damper?215?,FIG.?7?is?a?sectional?view?taken?along?line?VII-VII?of?FIG.?6?,and?FIG.?8?is?a?sectional?view?taken?along?line?VIII-VIII?of?FIG.?7.?As?shown?in?FIGS.?6?to?8,grooves?223?A,223?B,223?C,and?223?D?are?provided?in?an?end?face?(i.e.,the?upper?surface?in?FIG.?8)?that?abuts?against?a?contacting?member?226?A?of?the?pulsation?damper?215?.?Therefore,when?the?feed?pressure?is?low,the?spring?226?D?presses?the?contacting?member?226?A?against?the?upper?surface?of?the?member?that?forms?the?inlet?222?and?the?outlet?224?.?In?this?way,the?structure?is?such?that?even?if?pressure?is?applied?by?the?spring?226?D,the?grooves?223?A,223?B,223?C,and?223?D?enable?fuel?delivered?from?the?inlet?222?(i.e.,the?feed?pump?side)?to?flow?into?the?outlet?224?(i.e.,the?high?pressure?fuel?pump?side)?as?shown?by?the?dotted?line?in?FIG.?8.?On?the?other?hand,as?described?above,an?engine?is?known?which?includes,for?each?cylinder,an?in-cylinder?fuel?injector?that?injects?fuel?into?a?combustion?chamber?of?the?engine?and?an?intake?passage?fuel?injector?that?injects?fuel?into?an?intake?passage.?In?this?engine,fuel?is?injected?divided?between?the?in-cylinder?fuel?injector?and?the?intake?passage?fuel?injector?according?to?the?engine?speed?and?the?load?on?the?internal?combustion?engine.?This?engine?is?also?provided?with?the?pulsation?damper?shown?in?FIGS.?6?to?8.?
However,in?this?kind?of?engine,the?following?problems?occur?when?starting?the?engine?by?injecting?fuel?with?an?intake?passage?fuel?injector.?When?fuel?is?delivered?by?a?feed?pump?at?engine?startup,the?volume?of?pipe?that?needs?to?be?charged?with?fuel?becomes?significantly?larger.?That?is,when?the?engine?is?started?with?fuel?injected?from?the?intake?passage?fuel?injector,despite?the?fact?that?fuel?can?be?delivered?to?the?intake?passage?fuel?injector?with?the?feed?pump?by?simply?charging?only?the?low?pressure?pipe?with?fuel,the?pulsation?damper?is?structured?such?that?the?high?pressure?pipe?system?and?the?low?pressure?pipe?system?are?communicated?or?open?to?one?another.?Therefore,fuel?is?unable?to?be?delivered?to?the?intake?passage?fuel?injector?by?the?feed?pump?unless?both?the?low?pressure?pipe?and?the?high?pressure?pipe?are?charged?with?fuel.?As?a?result,it?takes?time?for?the?feed?pressure?to?rise,thereby?adversely?affecting?startability?(i.e.,increasing?the?start?time).??
Summary?of?the?invention??
This?invention?thus?provides?a?fuel?supply?system?for?an?internal?combustion?engine,which?is?capable?of?improving?startability?of?an?internal?combustion?engine?that?includes?a?fuel?injection?mechanism?for?injecting?fuel?at?high?pressure?into?a?cylinder?(i.e.,in-cylinder?fuel?injector)?and?a?fuel?injecting?mechanism?for?injecting?fuel?into?an?intake?passage?or?an?intake?port?(i.e.,an?intake?passage?fuel?injector).??
A?first?aspect?of?the?invention?relates?to?a?fuel?supply?system?for?an?internal?combustion?engine?which?includes?a?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?that?supplies?fuel?that?was?pressurized?by?a?low?pressure?pump?to?a?low?pressure?fuel?injection?mechanism?which?injects?fuel?into?an?intake?passage;?a?branch?passage?that?branches?off?from?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?and?supplies?fuel?to?a?high?pressure?pump?that?is?driven?by?the?internal?combustion?engine;?a?high?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?that?supplies?fuel?that?was?pressurized?by?the?high?pressure?pump?to?a?high?pressure?fuel?injection?mechanism?which?injects?fuel?into?a?cylinder;?and?a?pulsation?reducing?mechanism?provided?on?the?intake?side?of?the?high?pressure?pump.?The?pulsation?reducing?mechanism?closes?off?communication?between?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?and?the?high?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?when?a?pressure?of?fuel?in?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?is?lower?than?a?predetermined?value.??
According?to?this?first?aspect,the?high?pressure?pump?which?is?driven?by?the?internal?combustion?engine?does?not?operate?during?startup?of?the?internal?combustion?engine.?In?this?case,the?internal?combustion?engine?is?started?by?injecting?fuel?that?has?been?pressurized?by?the?low?pressure?pump?from?the?low?pressure?fuel?injection?mechanism?via?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage.?In?this?case,during?startup?of?the?internal?combustion?engine?when?the?pressure?of?fuel?in?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?is?low,the?pulsation?reducing?mechanism?closes?off?communication?between?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?and?the?high?pressure?fuel?supply?passage.?Therefore,fuel?can?be?delivered?to?the?low?pressure?fuel?injection?mechanism?simply?by?charging?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?with?fuel?using?the?low?pressure?pump.?Accordingly,there?is?no?need?to?charge?the?high?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?with?fuel?using?the?low?pressure?pump?so?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?and?the?branch?passage?that?provides?communication?between?the?low?pressure?fuel?supply?passage?and?the?high?pressure?pump?can?be?charged?with?fuel?quickly,and?fuel?can?bequickly?injected?from?the?low?pressure?fuel?injection?mechanism.?As?a?result,startability?of?an?internal?combustion?engine?provided?with?a?fuel?injection?mechanism?that?injects?fuel?at?high?pressure?into?the?cylinder?and?a?fuel?injection?mechanism?that?injects?fuel?into?the?intake?passage?or?intake?port?can?be?improved.
內(nèi)燃機(jī)的燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)
摘 要
在低壓燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)管道和燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)的高壓泵之間有一系列的有節(jié)奏的脈動(dòng)衰減節(jié)氣閥。在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)的階段，通過(guò)低壓燃油系統(tǒng)管道，低壓燃油從一燃油噴射機(jī)中被噴入。當(dāng)燃油的壓力與維持發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)時(shí)所需的燃油壓力相同時(shí)或稍低時(shí)，此時(shí)有節(jié)奏的脈動(dòng)衰減節(jié)氣閥，在彈簧的彈力作用下關(guān)閉了高壓燃油系統(tǒng)管道與低壓燃油系統(tǒng)管道之間的通路。?
關(guān)鍵詞：內(nèi)燃機(jī)；燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)；脈動(dòng)衰減節(jié)氣閥；低壓燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)管道和高壓泵。
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內(nèi)燃機(jī)的燃油供系統(tǒng)，包括：一臺(tái)能給燃油加壓的低壓油泵、一個(gè)能供應(yīng)低壓油泵所加壓的燃油通道，同時(shí)能把燃油輸送到低壓燃油抵押燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)的入口處；一個(gè)分岔來(lái)自上面低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道、并且流經(jīng)分支通道的燃油在流經(jīng)低壓燃油泵時(shí)被加壓；一臺(tái)能給通過(guò)上面的分支通道供應(yīng)的低壓燃油進(jìn)行加壓的高壓油泵，這臺(tái)高壓燃油泵通過(guò)內(nèi)燃機(jī)而驅(qū)動(dòng)；高壓燃油供應(yīng)通道能夠?qū)⑷加蛧娙肫椎母邏喝加蛧娚錂C(jī)構(gòu)提供被加壓的燃油；同時(shí)一個(gè)有規(guī)律的衰減機(jī)構(gòu)本安裝在高壓泵入口的一側(cè)，在哪兒，當(dāng)內(nèi)燃機(jī)啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候，噴射入口處的燃油僅僅來(lái)自低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道，此時(shí)這個(gè)有規(guī)律衰減機(jī)構(gòu)經(jīng)低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道與高壓燃油供應(yīng)通道之間的通道關(guān)閉，直到低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道中的燃油壓力達(dá)到了內(nèi)燃機(jī)開(kāi)始要求所預(yù)定的壓力值時(shí)才開(kāi)啟。?
發(fā)明背景?
1.發(fā)明的領(lǐng)域?
這個(gè)發(fā)明是關(guān)于為內(nèi)燃機(jī)燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)提供一個(gè)將燃油在較高壓力下將其噴入汽缸的燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)（汽缸內(nèi)燃油噴射，在下文涉及的是“缸內(nèi)燃油噴射”）和一個(gè)將燃油噴入進(jìn)口通道或端口噴射的燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)（進(jìn)口通道燃油噴射，在下文提到的“進(jìn)口燃油噴射”）。尤其是這個(gè)發(fā)明所關(guān)于的燃油噴射供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)能提高內(nèi)燃機(jī)的工作穩(wěn)定性。?2.相關(guān)技術(shù)的介紹?
眾所周知，汽油機(jī)配備了一個(gè)將燃油快速?lài)娙氚l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)燃燒室的燃油噴射閥和一個(gè)將燃油快速?lài)娙脒M(jìn)氣管道的二次燃油噴射閥（進(jìn)氣管道燃油噴射器）。區(qū)分在汽缸內(nèi)燃油噴射和進(jìn)氣管道燃油噴射是依據(jù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的速度和負(fù)荷。同時(shí)我們知道，直噴式汽油機(jī)僅僅配備了一個(gè)將燃油噴入發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)燃燒室的燃油噴射閥（汽缸內(nèi)燃油噴射器）。在一個(gè)包括汽缸內(nèi)燃油噴射器的高壓燃油的高壓燃油系統(tǒng)中，被高壓油泵所加壓的燃油通過(guò)一個(gè)傳送管道而被供應(yīng)到汽缸內(nèi)燃油噴射器中。然后，這個(gè)汽缸內(nèi)燃油噴射將高壓燃油噴入內(nèi)燃機(jī)每個(gè)汽缸的燃燒室中。?
總而言之，我們知道柴油機(jī)有一個(gè)共同的橫桿類(lèi)型的燃油噴射系統(tǒng)，在這個(gè)共同的橫桿類(lèi)型的燃油噴射系統(tǒng)中，被高壓油泵所加壓的燃油被存儲(chǔ)在共同的橫桿中。通過(guò)電磁閥的開(kāi)啟和關(guān)閉將共同橫桿中的高壓燃油噴射到柴油機(jī)的每個(gè)汽缸的燃燒室中。?
為了增加這種類(lèi)型內(nèi)燃機(jī)的燃油壓力，提供了一種與內(nèi)燃機(jī)的曲軸相連的凸輪推桿所驅(qū)動(dòng)的高壓燃油泵。?
日本申請(qǐng)的專(zhuān)利號(hào)為：JP-A-2005-139923的專(zhuān)利介紹了一個(gè)當(dāng)內(nèi)燃機(jī)所需燃油的數(shù)量很少時(shí)，能減少針對(duì)噪聲的內(nèi)燃機(jī)高壓燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)。例如，待機(jī)時(shí)，能將必要數(shù)量輸送到內(nèi)燃機(jī)的全部工作領(lǐng)域。這種內(nèi)燃機(jī)的高壓燃油供應(yīng)有一個(gè)有兩個(gè)獨(dú)立柱塞式的高壓燃油泵，他們中有一個(gè)溢流閥將溢流出的燃油吸取到被一個(gè)汽缸和在汽缸中前后移動(dòng)的柱塞所分開(kāi)的壓力室中，當(dāng)燃油從壓力室中加壓和輸送到高壓燃油系統(tǒng)時(shí)，燃油輸送的數(shù)量是通過(guò)控制溢流閥的開(kāi)啟和關(guān)閉來(lái)調(diào)整的。在這些高壓燃油泵之一的是在首次高壓燃油泵中提起的柱塞的量很小，另外一個(gè)高壓燃油泵是一個(gè)二次高壓燃油泵，在其中說(shuō)提起的柱塞的量較大。總之在這兩個(gè)高壓燃油泵中，內(nèi)燃機(jī)的高壓燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)中包括了控制方式。這種控制每個(gè)高壓油泵的溢流閥的控制方式是依據(jù)內(nèi)燃機(jī)所需燃油量，如當(dāng)所需燃油量較少時(shí)，燃油的加壓和輸送僅使用一次高壓油泵；當(dāng)所需燃油較大時(shí)，燃油的加壓和輸送，則要使用二次高壓油泵。?
依據(jù)這種內(nèi)燃機(jī)的高壓燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，兩個(gè)高壓燃油泵，一次高壓燃油泵有一個(gè)提升量較的柱塞，以致于壓力增加速度較慢。那就是，有了這個(gè)高壓燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)所需燃油數(shù)量較少時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)噪聲能夠通過(guò)控制高壓燃油泵的溢流閥得到很好的降低，以致于當(dāng)內(nèi)燃機(jī)所需的燃油量較小，如待機(jī)時(shí)，只要一次高壓燃油泵工作。在另一方面，二次高壓油泵有一個(gè)提升量較大的柱塞，因而其壓力和輸送量在二次高壓油泵下，可能輸送到內(nèi)燃機(jī)所需燃油的增加處，而這卻是在單依靠一次高壓油泵的輸送是不可能完成的。在這種方法下適當(dāng)數(shù)量的燃油被輸送到內(nèi)燃機(jī)的整個(gè)工作領(lǐng)域，從而當(dāng)所需燃油量小時(shí)，能減小振動(dòng)噪聲。?
在日本專(zhuān)利局申請(qǐng)的專(zhuān)利號(hào)為：JP-A-2005-139923，一個(gè)型號(hào)為V-8內(nèi)燃機(jī)高壓燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)中有一個(gè)缸內(nèi)噴射器，在每一個(gè)汽缸中配備了一個(gè)高壓油泵。與燃油箱相連的低壓燃油通道分支的末端被連接到這些高壓油泵的端口上。對(duì)每一油泵組，脈動(dòng)衰減節(jié)流閥被安裝在低壓燃油通道的分支部與連接端口部分的中間處。當(dāng)高壓油泵工作時(shí)，這個(gè)脈動(dòng)衰減節(jié)流閥迫使在低壓燃油通道中的燃油壓力跳動(dòng)。在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)時(shí)，這種直噴發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)僅僅有一個(gè)缸內(nèi)燃油噴射器，燃油不能通過(guò)高壓燃油輸送，直到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)。因此，低壓燃油通過(guò)一個(gè)裝置泵輸送到燃油噴射處進(jìn)行缸內(nèi)噴射。因此，脈動(dòng)衰減節(jié)流閥被設(shè)計(jì)成提供高壓管道系統(tǒng)與低壓管道之間的溝通。例如，圖6是這樣的脈動(dòng)阻尼器215剖視圖。圖7是一個(gè)截面視圖沿線七至圖6，圖8是沿線剖面圖第八至圖7。在圖所示，圖6至8，溝槽223A，223B，223C和D是在底面（即在圖8上表面提供的）表示，對(duì)一個(gè)緊靠一個(gè)聯(lián)系的脈動(dòng)阻尼器215和226。因此，當(dāng)進(jìn)給壓力低時(shí)，彈簧226D按下一個(gè)與226A相聯(lián)系，構(gòu)成進(jìn)222和224的插座上表面。其這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)是，即使壓力是由彈簧226D應(yīng)用，溝槽223A，223B，223C和223D使燃料從222入口（即給水泵端）交付流入出口224（即高壓燃油泵方如在圖虛線所示），即圖8。另一方面，如上所述，一個(gè)是已知的，其中包括發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，每個(gè)汽缸，在汽缸燃油噴射器的注入一個(gè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)燃燒室的燃料和燃料噴射器的進(jìn)氣通道的攝入量是通過(guò)注入燃料。在這個(gè)引擎，注入在汽缸噴油器和燃料噴射器之間的燃料的劃分是根據(jù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速和內(nèi)燃發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的負(fù)荷。這款發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的脈動(dòng)阻尼器如圖所示6至8。?
然而，在這種發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中產(chǎn)生了接下來(lái)的一些問(wèn)題。當(dāng)通過(guò)進(jìn)氣管道燃油噴射器噴射燃油啟動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)時(shí)。當(dāng)在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)時(shí)通過(guò)一個(gè)裝置泵輸送燃油時(shí)，需要被用于索取燃油的管道的容積變成十分大。那樣的話，當(dāng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)從進(jìn)氣通道燃油噴射器噴入的燃油而啟動(dòng)，盡管事實(shí)是燃油能通過(guò)在低壓油管道中的裝置泵將燃油輸送到進(jìn)氣管燃油噴射器中，脈動(dòng)衰減節(jié)流閥被構(gòu)造成將高壓管道系統(tǒng)與低壓管道系統(tǒng)之一溝通或打開(kāi)。因此，燃油不可能通過(guò)裝置泵輸送到進(jìn)口通道燃油噴射器中，除非低壓管道與高壓管道都被用于索取燃油。由于這樣的結(jié)果，它需要時(shí)間緩慢地提高壓力，因此，反而影響了穩(wěn)定性（增加了啟動(dòng)時(shí)間）。?
發(fā)明總結(jié)?
這個(gè)發(fā)明因此為內(nèi)燃機(jī)提供了一個(gè)燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，其能提高由將燃油在較高壓力下將燃油噴入汽缸的燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)（缸內(nèi)燃油噴射）和將燃油噴入進(jìn)氣通道或進(jìn)氣端口的燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)（進(jìn)氣通道燃油噴射）組成的內(nèi)燃機(jī)的穩(wěn)定性。?
一方面這個(gè)發(fā)明涉及了內(nèi)燃機(jī)燃油供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，其包括了一個(gè)供應(yīng)被低壓油泵所加壓的燃油的低壓供應(yīng)通道，并且將其送到進(jìn)氣通道燃油噴射的地壓燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)中去；一個(gè)分支來(lái)自低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道的岔口，并且將燃油供應(yīng)到被內(nèi)燃機(jī)所驅(qū)動(dòng)的高壓油泵中；一個(gè)供應(yīng)被高壓油泵所加壓的燃油的高壓供應(yīng)通道，并且將其送到汽缸內(nèi)燃油噴射的高壓燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)中；在高壓油泵的靠近進(jìn)氣道的一側(cè)安裝了脈動(dòng)衰減機(jī)構(gòu)，這個(gè)脈動(dòng)衰減機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)閉了低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道和高壓燃油供應(yīng)通道之間的溝通，當(dāng)?shù)蛪喝加凸?yīng)通道中的燃油壓力低于預(yù)先設(shè)定的值時(shí)。?
依據(jù)第一方面的情況，在內(nèi)燃機(jī)啟動(dòng)階段，這個(gè)被內(nèi)燃機(jī)所驅(qū)動(dòng)的高壓泵不能工作，在這種情況下，內(nèi)燃機(jī)通過(guò)噴射被來(lái)自低壓燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)的低壓泵所加壓的經(jīng)過(guò)低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道的燃油而啟動(dòng)。在這種情況下，在內(nèi)燃機(jī)的啟動(dòng)階段，考慮到低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道中的燃油壓力較低，脈動(dòng)衰減機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)閉了低壓燃油通道與高壓燃油通道之間的通路。因此，燃油只有使用低壓燃油泵將低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道中的燃油輸送到低壓燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)中去。相應(yīng)地，這里不需要高壓燃油供應(yīng)通道去供油，而用低壓油泵，也就是說(shuō)提供低壓燃油供油通道和高壓泵之間通道的低壓燃油供應(yīng)通道和分支通道。能夠快速索取燃油，同時(shí)燃油能夠快速地從低壓燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)中噴出。因此，配備了將燃油在較高壓力下將燃油噴入汽缸的燃油噴射機(jī)構(gòu)和將燃油噴入進(jìn)氣通道或進(jìn)氣端口的內(nèi)燃機(jī)的穩(wěn)定能夠被提高。
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