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畢業(yè)設計說明書中文摘要
雙缸長沖程液壓抽油機
摘要：本設計雙缸長沖程液壓抽油機，是一種利用電動機動力，通過由油泵、液壓缸控制裝置等組成的液壓系統和金屬支架，帶動抽油泵的泵筒和泵桿作相對運動，完成抽吸原油作用。在我國現有的采油機械中，機械式抽油機效率低、自重重、沖程短、成品高?，F普遍在各油田應用的游梁式抽油機就屬于這種機械。進來投入使用的鏈式抽油機，雖然具有六米沖程，但是自重重、效率低、成品高、可靠性差等缺點還沒解決結構特點。
長沖程液壓式抽油機工作過程是：由電動機火發(fā)電機驅動的油泵將工作油經濾油器，送入電磁滑閥，通過滑閥將工作油送入抽油桿缸的工作腔，使柱塞桿向上移動，與它一起的抽油桿柱和抽油泵柱塞也隨之向上沖程。這時，油管油缸下腔的工作油在活塞上方壓力和油管柱重量、加熱器到動力油泵吸油口。油管油缸的活塞向下移動，與它一起的油管柱和抽油泵泵筒也隨之向下沖程。這樣一來，抽油泵柱塞向上沖程，而泵筒向下沖程，抽油泵進行排油過程，原油是經過油管固定套管排到地面上的。
該機結構簡單，加工制造容易，自重輕，不用大基礎，成本低，沖程長；
關鍵詞：雙油缸液壓系統 單作用缸 液壓抽油機 油泵 液壓缸。
long-stroke hydraulic cylinder unit
Abstract
The design of long-stroke hydraulic cylinder unit, is a use of motor power,
through a pump, hydraulic cylinder, control unit and hydraulic system composed of metal stents, driven pump of the pump barrel and pump rod for relative movement, complete the role of pumping crude oil. In our existing oil machinery, the mechanical pumping efficiency is low, since the heavy, short stroke, high finished product. Now widely applied in various fields on the beam pumping unit is such a machine. Came into use in the chain unit, although with the 6 m stroke, but from the heavy, low efficiency, high product reliability shortcomings not solve the structural characteristics of poor.
Long-stroke hydraulic pumping unit of work process: from the motor-driven fire pump generator will work the oil through the oil filter, into electric and magnetic valve, the working oil through the slide valve cylinder rod into the working chamber, so that plunger rod upward, with the sucker rod string with it and pump plunger stroke are followed up. Then, the work of the inferior vena tubing cylinder piston oil pressure and oil column above the weight of the heater to the power pump suction port. Cylinder piston moving down the pipeline, together with its tubing string and pump barrel also will down-stroke. Thus, plunger upward stroke, the down-stroke the pump cylinder, pump for discharge of oil process, oil is discharged to ground through the pipe fixed on the casing.
?Simple structure, easy processing, light weight, no big foundation, low cost, long-stroke;
Key words: dual cylinder hydraulic system single-acting cylinder hydraulic pumping unit pump hydraulic cylinder.