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中 文 摘 要 I 摘 要 本課題所設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)控火焰切割機(jī)是一種小型切割設(shè)備，它可以很方便的對 金屬材料進(jìn)行直線或曲線切割，可廣泛應(yīng)用于機(jī)械、建筑、化工、航天等行業(yè)。 首先，本文通過對火焰切割技術(shù)及數(shù)控火焰切割機(jī)的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的分 析，對火焰切割機(jī)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，整體采用龍門式結(jié)構(gòu)，縱向、橫向 和垂直三個(gè)方向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)均選用步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)滾珠絲杠傳動(dòng)的開環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)。 由于火焰切割機(jī)切割工件時(shí)無切削力，所以縱向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)采用電機(jī)直接驅(qū)動(dòng)工 作臺運(yùn)動(dòng)來完成。其次，利用三維設(shè)計(jì)軟件 Solid Works 完成了火焰切割機(jī)各 零件的三維實(shí)體造型，并根據(jù)各零部件之間的定位關(guān)系，完成了總體裝配，驗(yàn) 證了設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。最后，為了加工制造的方便還繪制了切割機(jī)的所有零部件 和裝配體的工程圖。 關(guān)鍵詞：數(shù)控火焰切割機(jī)，龍門式，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，Solid Works Abstract II Abstract The CNC flame cutter designed in this topic is small cutting equipment. It can easily cut metal materials with linear or curvilinear drawings and can be widely used in machining, architecture, chemical industry, spaceflight and other industry. Firstly, through the analysis of research actuality about the flame cutting technology and the CNC flame cutting machine at home and abroad the whole structure of the flame cutter is designed in this article. The whole structure uses the gantry structure, the open-loop control systems, using stepping motor to drive ball screws, were chosen at longitudinal, horizontal and vertical directions. Since there is no cutting power when the flame cutter cuts work-piece, therefore, the vertical movement is provided by the movement of worktable driven directly by stepping motor. Secondly, the three-dimensional entity modeling of all the flame cutter parts is finished by using the three-dimensional design software Solid Works and the assembly of the whole is accomplished through the orientation of every parts to validate the rationality of the design. In the end, all the drawings of parts and assembly are protracted in order to facilitate the manufacture. Keywords：Numerical control flame cutter, gantry type, Structural design, Solid Works 致謝 3 目錄 摘 要 ............................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................II 目錄 .............................................................................................................................III 第一章 引言 .............................................................................................................1 11 切割技術(shù)的種類及發(fā)展 ...................................................................................1 12 數(shù)控火焰切割簡介 ...........................................................................................1 121 火焰切割及數(shù)控火焰切割技術(shù) ............................................................1 122 國內(nèi)外數(shù)控火焰切割技術(shù)的發(fā)展 ........................................................2 123 數(shù)控火焰切割機(jī)的市場及發(fā)展 ............................................................3 第二章 機(jī)床總體設(shè)計(jì)及軟件平臺選擇 ...................................................................5 21 總體方案的確定 ...............................................................................................5 22 控制及傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)選用 .......................................................................................5 23 割矩設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................................................................6 24 SOLID WORKS 軟件平臺簡介 ...........................................................................7 25 SOLID WORKS 的主要特點(diǎn) ...............................................................................8 第三章 數(shù)控火焰切割機(jī)伺服系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................13 31 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)控制方式及組成原理 ....................................................................13 32 步進(jìn)電機(jī)原理及特點(diǎn) ....................................................................................13 33 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選擇 ............................................................................................14 331 橫向步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選擇 ..........................................................................14 332 縱向步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選擇 ..........................................................................15 333 垂直方向步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選擇 ..................................................................16 第四章 火焰切割機(jī)傳動(dòng)裝置設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................................18 41 螺旋傳動(dòng) .........................................................................................................18 411 滾珠絲杠副的工作原理及特點(diǎn) ..........................................................18 412 滾珠絲杠副的設(shè)計(jì) ..............................................................................20 42 導(dǎo)軌 ................................................................................................................32 421 縱向?qū)к壴O(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................32 422 橫向?qū)к壴O(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................32 第五章 結(jié)論 ...............................................................................................................35 參考文獻(xiàn) .....................................................................................................................36 致謝 .............................................................................................................................37