專題18 語法填空（原卷版）

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1、 專題18 語法填空（原卷版） 【2020年高考命題預(yù)測】 語法填空題是給出200字左右的一段短文或?qū)υ?段落中給出10個填空,其中7個填空是給出一個單詞,填寫它的正確詞形,如形容詞的比較級等,其余3個填空是結(jié)合上下文直接填詞。要求考生,閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。這要求考生既要掌握熟練的語法知識,還要有一定的語言閱讀能力。 分析近三年的高考語法填空的走勢,2020年考查說明文的可能性比較大,其次是記敘文。 【考點定位】近三年考點分布 2016-2019年新課標(biāo)卷高考英語語法填空試題分析： 年份 試卷類型 體裁 詞數(shù) 話題

2、 考點分布 2019年 新課標(biāo)卷I 說明文 185 介紹了北極熊的生存現(xiàn)狀 提示詞7個 61.同位語從句 62. 副詞用法 63. 介詞64. 非謂語動詞 65. 時態(tài)66. 名詞67. 非謂語動詞68. 形容詞比較級69. 定冠詞 70. 主謂一致。 新課標(biāo)卷II 記敘文 195 九十高齡的Irene作為英國最年長的全職員工,,她被頒發(fā) “年度女士”稱號。 提示詞7個 61.非謂語動詞62.定語從句 63.副詞用法64.動詞時態(tài) 65.不定式作定語66.動詞時態(tài) 67.并列連詞68.非謂語動詞 69.冠詞用法70.形容詞作表語 新課標(biāo)卷III 記敘

3、文 180 作者去夏威夷度假途中的經(jīng)歷以及到了主人家后受到的禮遇。 提示詞7個 61.副詞62.不定式63.介詞 64.定語從句65.一般過去時 66.名詞67.形容詞68.副詞 69.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)70.分詞 2018年 新課標(biāo)卷I 說明文 196 跑步的好處,它可以幫助人們延年益壽 提示詞7個 61.副詞的級 62. 不定式63.動名詞64.時態(tài)65.比較句型66.定語從句67.名詞數(shù)68. 詞形變化 69.詞形變化。70.代詞或名詞 新課標(biāo)卷II 說明文 208 中國為保護(hù)環(huán)境在農(nóng)作物種植上做了一些變化并得到了世界上的知名人士的認(rèn)可

4、 提示詞7個 61.時態(tài)62. 冠詞63. 副詞64. 非謂語動詞65. 連詞66. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換67.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換68. 時態(tài)69. 定語從句70. 省略句 新課標(biāo)卷III 記敘文 193 在中非偶遇大猩猩,彼此驚恐的經(jīng)歷 提示詞7個 61.賓語從句62.冠詞63.最高級 64. 動詞65. 非謂語66. 名詞 67. 動詞短語68. 代詞69. 時態(tài) 70. 非謂語 2017年 新課標(biāo)卷I 說明文 223 低脂肪、低鹽的飲食趨勢及其對人們健康的影響 提示詞7個 61. 介詞62. 名詞的數(shù)63. 非謂語動詞64. 謂語動詞65. 冠詞66. 比較級67.

5、主謂一致68. 非謂語動詞69. 形容詞70. 定語從句 新課標(biāo)卷II 說明文 201 世界第一個地鐵的形成和發(fā)展 提示詞7個 61.名詞的數(shù)62.介詞63.非謂語動詞64.冠詞65.被動語態(tài)66.副詞67.代詞68. 時態(tài)69. 名詞70. 形容詞 新課標(biāo)卷III 說明文 215 Sarah Thomas在學(xué)業(yè)和誘人的職業(yè)面前所做出的選擇。 提示詞7個 61. 非謂語動詞62. 冠詞63.時態(tài)和語態(tài)64. 定語從句65. 非謂語動詞 66. 名詞67. 名詞的數(shù)68. 介詞69. 動詞時態(tài)70. 副詞 2016年 新課標(biāo)卷I 記敘文 197 作

6、者的成都之旅及其與大熊貓之間的故事 提示詞7個 61.名詞62.時態(tài)和語態(tài)63.副詞64.介詞65.定語從句66.非謂語67. 非謂語 68.代詞69.復(fù)數(shù)70.冠詞 新課標(biāo)卷II 說明文 192 緩解工作中的壓力的一些方法 提示詞7個 61.形容詞的比較級62.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換63. 主謂一致和時態(tài)64.介詞65.連詞66.名詞復(fù)數(shù)67. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換68.冠詞 69.非謂語動詞70.祈使句 新課標(biāo)卷III 說明文 196 筷子的材質(zhì)和中國使用筷子的歷史及文化內(nèi)涵 提示詞7個 61.and 連詞62.時態(tài)和語態(tài) 63.非謂語動詞 64.非謂語動詞 65.

7、狀語從66.副詞67.定語從句 68.名詞69.時態(tài)和主謂一致 70.介詞 【2020考綱解讀】 作為高考題型的語法填空試題,近年高考英語該題型具有下面這些特點：文章以記敘文和說明文為主,文章長度控制在190～220詞,10道題中,有6～7個(全國卷都是7個)試題給出提示詞,考查的要點分為詞法和語法兩部分,詞法部分包括：1)詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換,結(jié)合語境考查給出的提示詞的名詞、形容詞或副詞變化；2)介詞的固定搭配,名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式及運用；語法部分包括：時態(tài)和語態(tài)的綜合運用,非謂語動詞,各種從句等。 從近年課標(biāo)卷的語法填空試題看,給出提示詞的考點主要包括：詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換(名詞與動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換,形容詞與副詞

8、的轉(zhuǎn)換）；形容詞比較級與最高級的變化；名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的變化；動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)、情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣、謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的變化等。給出提示詞考點多為實詞,所填寫的詞匯根據(jù)語境和短文或?qū)υ拑?nèi)容可以是1～3個單詞。挖空分布均勻,考點的安排注重多樣化。不給提示詞的考點主要包括：連詞（并列連詞和從屬連詞）、介詞（動詞與介詞的搭配、介詞與名詞的搭配、代詞和冠詞等。 【三年高考】 17、18、19高考試題及其解析 2019年高考試題 1.【2019·全國I】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic C

9、ircle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been

10、___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years s

11、ome Inuit people in Nunayut ___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusi

12、on(錯覺) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2.【2019·全國II】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded“

13、Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a cus

14、tomer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all th

15、e friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We don't have any idea who put grandma forwar

16、d. When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed,we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).” 3.【2019·全國III】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 On our way to the house,it was raining ___61___ hard

17、that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs,seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our

18、hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit. For breakfast,we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. When they were free from work,they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___66_

19、__(compete)to watch,together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay,we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore und

20、er the stars,___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 4.【2019·浙江】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When

21、every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(時尚). Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of clot

22、h ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them. But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' gr

23、ades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) between uniforms and school performance. School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are sta

24、rting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms. 5.【2019·北京】語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分) A 閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空,在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。 On th

25、e first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real worl

26、d. Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. B 閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空,在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。 Earth Day,___4___(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.

27、 First celebrated ___5___ 1970,the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地區(qū)). No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save power—the possibilitie

28、s are endless. C 閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空,在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。 Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that,for most students,it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. The student

29、s benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(參與)in academic life. Taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(資源),Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary

30、 preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience. 2018年高考試題 【2018·全國I】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ___61___(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long___62___(see)the benefi

31、t. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___63___ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it ___64___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___65___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also

32、made a study published in 2014___66___showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___67___(cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft su

33、rfaces, do exercises to___68___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always___69___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.

34、 【2018·全國II】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is

35、 ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ___65___ rice and creates less fertili

36、zer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture fi

37、nds that between 2005—when the government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecti

38、ng its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 【2018·全國III】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appe

39、ars out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the ___63___(loud)of all. The nois

40、e shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge). My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was

41、 searching ___67___ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal

42、____69____(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and watch. 【2018·浙江】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chin

43、ese ___56___(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners ___57___ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ___58___ can be to eat out. I still remember ___59___ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ___60___(shock) when I lear

44、nt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. While regularly eating out seems to ___61___(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ___62___(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could b

45、e an even ___63___ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ___64___(weigh) problems. If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home __

46、_65___ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket. 2017高考試題 [2017·全國卷Ⅰ] 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry towards lower fat cont

47、ent and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學(xué)界) 61.________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62.________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very imp

48、ortant parts of a diet. They are required 63.________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64.________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65.________ result, people will eat more foo

49、d to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66.________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67.________ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68.________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat

50、and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69.________ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70.________ is not good for the health. [2017·全國卷Ⅱ] 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號

51、內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometres and allowed people to avoid terrible 61.________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62.________ work. It took three years to complete and was built using

52、an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63.________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64.________ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines 65.________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66.________ (fair) unp

53、leasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67.________ every day. Later, engineers 68.________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which be

54、came known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69.________ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70.________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, a

55、nd proved extremely popular with the public. [2017·全國卷Ⅲ] 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入 1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spendi

56、ng half-term 61.________ (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 62.________ model in New York. Sarah 63.________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44,wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah,

57、64.________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65.________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66.________ (educate)． She has turned down several 67.________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. Af

58、ter school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68.________ engineering or architecture. Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69.________ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modelling.

59、It is 70.________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more.” [2017·浙江卷6月考] 閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of s

60、mall 56.________ (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57.________ (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring. Pahlsson screamed 58.________ loudly that her daughter came running from

61、the house. “She thought I had hurt 59.________ (I),” says Pahlsson. Sixteen years 60.________ (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61.________ (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six

62、—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 62.________ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it. Pahlsson and her husband now think the r

63、ing probably got 63.________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64.________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生長) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65.________ wonder. 【兩年模擬】2018、2019名校模擬題及其參考答案解析 2019年模擬題 【2019年安徽

64、省蕪湖市高三三?！块喿x下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 One day, when I was cooking the evening meal, my daughter stood beside me very still. When I turned, I nearly knocked her down. “Move out of the way,” I said impatiently. She walked away, and her little heart was ___41___ (break). I didn’t realize ___42___

65、rudely I’d spoken. When I ___43___ (lie) awake in bed, God’s small voice came to me and said, “While ___44___ (deal) with a stranger, you use common politeness, but the children you love, you seem to abuse. Look at the kitchen floor, and those are the flowers she brought for you.” By this time, my

66、 tears began to fall. I quietly went and sat by her bed. “Are these the flowers you picked ___45___ me? I’m so sorry.” I said. She smiled, “Oh, Mom, that’s okay. I love you anyway.” I said, “Daughter, I love you too, and I do like the flowers, ___46___ (especial) the blue.” You should be aware that if we were to die tomorrow, the family we left behind would feel the loss for ___47___ rest of their lives. And come to think about it, we devote ___48___ (us) more to work than to our family-an ___4