輕型卡車離合器設(shè)計(jì)說明書[帶圖紙].doc

中文題目：重型載貨汽車啟動(dòng)離合器及輔助系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)外文題目：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）共68頁(yè)（其中：外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文16頁(yè)）圖紙共4張完成日期2011年6月答辯日期2011年6月I摘要離合器是汽車傳動(dòng)系中直接與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)相連接的總成，其主要功用是切斷和實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)傳動(dòng)系的動(dòng)力傳遞，保證汽車起步時(shí)將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與傳動(dòng)系平順地接合，確保汽車平穩(wěn)起步；在換擋時(shí)將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與傳動(dòng)系分離，減少變速器中換擋齒輪之間的沖擊；在工作中受到大的動(dòng)載荷時(shí)，能限制傳動(dòng)系所承受的最大轉(zhuǎn)矩，防止傳動(dòng)系各零件因過載而損壞；有效地降低傳動(dòng)系中的振動(dòng)和噪聲。本文基于重型載貨汽車的設(shè)計(jì)要求和設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)，確定了以拉式膜片彈簧離合器作為設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。膜片彈簧離合器是近年來在汽車上廣泛采用的一種離合器，它的轉(zhuǎn)矩容量大而且較穩(wěn)定，操作輕便，平衡性好，也能大量生產(chǎn)，對(duì)于它的研究已經(jīng)變得越來越重要。此設(shè)計(jì)說明書詳細(xì)的說明了重型載貨汽車膜片彈簧離合器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，參數(shù)選擇以及計(jì)算過程。本次設(shè)計(jì)根據(jù)車型的類別、使用要求、制造條件以及“三化”（即系列化、通用化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化）要求等，選擇了結(jié)構(gòu)方案及有關(guān)參數(shù)，進(jìn)行了總成設(shè)計(jì)，并對(duì)其一些零件進(jìn)行了校核：包括摩擦片外徑的確定，離合器后備系數(shù)的確定，單位壓力的確定，從動(dòng)盤設(shè)計(jì)，壓盤設(shè)計(jì)，膜片彈簧設(shè)計(jì)等，為以后從事汽車技術(shù)工作打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。不僅如此，本次設(shè)計(jì)借鑒了相關(guān)的資料，采用了相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，充分吸收了前人寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。關(guān)鍵詞：重型載貨汽車；離合器；膜片彈簧；從動(dòng)盤；設(shè)計(jì)IIAbstractClutchistheassemblywhichisdirectlyconnectedwithengineintheautomobilepowertrain.Anditsmainfunctionistocutoffandimplementthetransmissionofpowerinthepowertrain.Itensurestheengineandthepowertrainperfectlysmoothjointogetherwhentheautomobileisstartingupandinsurestheautomobilestartedupsmooth.Theclutchdisconnectstheengineandthepowertrainwhentheautomobilestagechangeover.Itreducestheimpactbetweentheshiftgearsofthetransmission.Whenthetransmissionworkedonthegreatdynamicload,theclutchcanlimitthebreakdowntorqueofthepowertraininordertopreventtheaccessoryofthepowertrainthatisdamagedduetooverload.Italsocaneffectivelyreducethevibrationandnoiseofthepowertrain.Thisarticleisbasedonthedesignrequirementsandthedesignparametersofthelighttruck,itisidentifiedwiththepull-typediaphragmspringclutchasthedesigngoal.Inrecentyears,diaphragmspringclutchisakindofclutchthatwaswidelyadoptedinsalooncarsandlightvehicles.Ithasgreatcapacityoftorqueandmorestable.Meanwhileitmanipulateconvenientlyandhasgoodbalance.AndItalsohashighoutput.Sotheresearchoftheclutchisbecomemoreandmoreimportant.Thisdesignmanualelaboratedontheconstructionform,theparameterschooseandprocessofcalculateofthelighttrucks.Accordingtothevehiclecategory,theoperationrequirements,themanufactureconditionaswellasthree(thatisseriation,universalizationandstandardization)requirements,andsoon,thisdesignchoosethestructureschemeandrelevantparameters.Meanwhilethisdesigncompleteassemblydesignandcheckingforsomeofitsparts.Theyincludethedeterminationoffrictionplatediameter,thedeterminationofbackupcoefficient,thedeterminationoftheunitpressure,thedesignofdrivenplat,thedesignofpressureplateanddiaphragm,etc.Thisdesigncanlayagoodfoundationforengaginginvehicletechnologyworkinthefuture.Inaddition,thisdesignprofitfromtherelatedmaterial,andusetherelatedstandard,andfullyabsorbpredecessorsvaluableexperience.Keywords:I目錄1緒論.11.1引言.11.2汽車離合器結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展.11.3離合器概述.31.3.1離合器的功用.41.3.2汽車離合器設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求.41.3.3離合器工作原理.52離合器的結(jié)構(gòu)方案分析.72.1離合器設(shè)計(jì)所需數(shù)據(jù).72.2結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì).72.2.1從動(dòng)盤數(shù)及干、濕式的選擇.72.2.2壓緊彈簧的結(jié)構(gòu)型式及布置.82.2.3膜片彈簧的支承形式.92.2.4壓盤的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式.102.2.5分離軸承總成.102.2.6離合器的通風(fēng)散熱措施.113離合器主要參數(shù)的選擇.123.1摩擦片外徑D的確定.12II3.2離合器后備系數(shù)的確定.133.3摩擦因數(shù)F、摩擦面數(shù)Z和離合器間隙T的確定.143.4單位壓力P0的確定.154離合器基本參數(shù)的優(yōu)化.164.1設(shè)計(jì)變量.164.2目標(biāo)函數(shù).164.3約束條件.165離合器零件的結(jié)構(gòu)選型及設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算.195.1從動(dòng)盤總成.195.1.1從動(dòng)片的選擇和設(shè)計(jì).195.1.2從動(dòng)盤轂設(shè)計(jì).205.1.3摩擦片設(shè)計(jì).225.2離合器蓋總成設(shè)計(jì).235.2.1離合器蓋設(shè)計(jì).245.2.2壓盤設(shè)計(jì).245.2.3傳動(dòng)片設(shè)計(jì).265.2.4支承環(huán)設(shè)計(jì).266扭轉(zhuǎn)減振器的設(shè)計(jì).276.1扭轉(zhuǎn)減振器主要參數(shù)的確定.276.2減振器的結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算.28